
2026-02-11
Mukudziwa, anthu akamalankhula zaukadaulo wobiriwira, nthawi yomweyo amalumphira ku ma solar, ma turbines amphepo, kapena ma cell a haidrojeni. Kaŵirikaŵiri palibe amene amabweretsa ma gaskets a thovu. Ndilo lingaliro lolakwika loyamba. Zoona zake, ngati mudakhalapo pafakitale ndikusonkhanitsa batire yotsekera kapena kusindikiza chotenthetsera, mungadziwe kuti gasket yosasankhidwa bwino imatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito onse. Sizokhudza kusindikiza kokha; ndizokhudza kasamalidwe kamafuta, kugwetsa kugwedezeka, komanso moyo wautali wazinthu. Ndawonapo ma projekiti pomwe uinjiniya umayang'ana kwambiri pazigawo zoyambira, kungokhala ndi zolephera zomwe zidayambika pakuwonongeka kwa gasket kapena kutulutsa mpweya komwe kudayipitsa malo ovuta. Ndiko kumene kukambirana kwenikweni kuyenera kuyamba.
M'makina aukadaulo obiriwira - ganizirani makina osungira mphamvu zama batire (BESS) kapena makabati akunja a photovoltaic inverter - kusindikiza kwachilengedwe ndikofunikira. Koma sikungosunga madzi. Ndizokhudza kuyang'anira micro-chilengedwe mkati. Dongosolo lotsekeka la kuziziritsa kwamadzi mu batire, mwachitsanzo, limadalira ma gaskets kuti asunge kuthamanga ndikuletsa kutayikira koziziritsa. Ngati ma compresses a thovu ndi olakwika, kapena zinthuzo sizikugwirizana ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi, mumapeza tsamba. Choziziriracho, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala chapadera chamadzimadzi a dielectric, ndi okwera mtengo ndipo kutayika kwake kumakhudza mwachindunji ma metrics. Ndikukumbukira kuyesa komwe wopikisana naye adalephera kulandila satifiketi ya IP67 osati chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, koma chifukwa chithovu chomwe chidaperekedwacho chinali ndi mawonekedwe osagwirizana, zomwe zidapangitsa kulephera kwamakanikizana komweko. Kukonzekera sikunali kukonzanso, koma kusintha kwakuthupi kukhala yunifolomu yowonjezera, yolumikizana ndi thovu la polyethylene.
Ndiye pali gawo la kutentha. Ambiri amaganiza kuti zitsulo kapena mphira ndizomwe zimapangidwira pazitsulo zotentha. Koma pakugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafunikira kutsekereza ndi kusindikiza, monga nyumba yowongolera pampu yotenthetsera mpweya, chotchinga cha urethane foam gasket chimagwira ntchito ziwiri. Imasindikiza kabati ku fumbi ndi chinyezi kwinaku ikupereka nthawi yopuma kuti iteteze kutsika kwamagetsi amkati. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati kuchira kuli kochedwa kwambiri pambuyo pa kukanikizana panthawi yosonkhanitsa, chisindikizocho chimamasuka pa kutentha kwa kutentha. Tidaphunzira izi movutikira pantchito yoyambirira, pogwiritsa ntchito thovu la rebond lomwe lidachita bwino pamayeso osasunthika koma zidalephera patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyendetsa njinga yamoto tsiku lililonse. Mpata womwe udapangidwa umalola kuti mpweya wonyezimira ulowe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale dzimbiri pazida.
Kusankha zinthu ndi mbuna ina. "Green" sichiyenera kutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito koma gasket yokha. Zotsalira za chlorinated kapena brominated flame retardants mu thovu, zofala kukumana ndi UL 94 V-0 mu zamagetsi, zitha kukhala zosemphana ndi moyo wonse waukadaulo wobiriwira ngati zisokoneza kubwezereranso. Pali kukankhira ku thovu lopanda halogen, lopangidwa ndi silicone. Amakula ndi kutentha kuti atseke mipata bwinoko, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri panjira zozimitsa moto wa batri. Kufotokozera izi sikophweka nthawi zonse; mtengo wawo ndi wokwera kwambiri ndipo magawo opangira zinthu panthawi yodula ndi olimba. Kuthekera kwa ogulitsa apa ndikupangitsa kapena kuswa.
Izi zimandibweretsa ku china chake chothandiza: geography ndi logistics. Kupanga kwa zigawo zapaderazi sikugawidwa mofanana. Pazigawo za thovu zochulukira kwambiri, zodula-kufa, mumafunika wogulitsa yemwe ali ndi chithandizo champhamvu cha sayansi komanso kusasinthika. Ndagwira ntchito ndi ogwira nawo ntchito m'mafakitale akuluakulu komwe chilengedwe chimathandizira izi. Mwachitsanzo, Malingaliro a kampani Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd., ikugwira ntchito kuchokera kugawo lalikulu kwambiri lopanga magawo ku China ku Yongnian, Handan, imabweretsa malingaliro oyenera. Ngakhale amadziwika ndi zomangira, malo oterowo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ukadaulo woyandikana nawo pakusindikiza mayankho chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kophatikizana. Malo awo pafupi ndi misewu yayikulu yoyendera ngati Beijing-Guangzhou Railway ndi National Highway 107 si mzere chabe patsamba (https://www.zitaifasteners.com); imatanthawuza ku zogwirika zowoneka bwino. Mukayang'anira msonkhano wanthawi yomweyo wamisonkhano ya turbine yamphepo ya nacelle ku doko la Tianjin, kukhala ndi othandizira gasket omwe amatha kusuntha malonda kudzera mumsewu ndi njanji popanda kuchedwetsa ndi gawo losasinthika la equation yodalirika. Gasket yokhala m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zamadoko samasindikiza chilichonse.
Koma kuyandikira si zonse. Ndawonapo ogulitsa m'malo olumikizidwa bwino omwe amalepherabe kutsata zinthu. Muukadaulo wobiriwira, makamaka pazigawo zomwe zimalumikizana ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi kapena m'njira za mpweya (monga mulu wa electrolyzer), muyenera zolemba zonse pamapangidwe a polima ndi zomwe zitha kutulutsa. Woperekayo amafunikira chilango kuti apereke ziphaso za batch. Apa ndipamene chikhalidwe chogwirira ntchito chamagulu opanga zinthu chimafunikira. Kuchulukana kwa opanga zinthu m'dera ngati Yongnian kumatha kulimbikitsa mpikisano pamtundu, osati mtengo chabe. Pa pulojekiti yokhudzana ndi ma cell amafuta a PEM, tidapanga ma gaskets okhala ndi mawonekedwe, odzaza mpweya wodzaza ndi mpweya kuti asindikize mbale za bipolar. Zitsanzo zoyamba kuchokera ku msonkhano wapanyumba zidalephera kuyesa machitidwe atakalamba mu mpweya wofananira. Nkhani inali yosamukasamuka. Tidasinthira ku purosesa yokhazikika yomwe imatha kuwongolera kalozera bwino, ndipo zidapezeka kuti zili m'dera lomwelo la mafakitale, ndikutengera maunyolo ogulitsa zinthu kumeneko.
Zolephera nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku mawonekedwe pakati pa gasket ndi fastener, kwenikweni. Gasket ya thovu yopanikizidwa ndi bolt mozungulira kachipangizo koyendera pa solar tracker drive. Ngati torque ya cholumikizira sichinatchulidwe molumikizana ndi piritsi la kupsinjika kwa gasket, mutha kutsitsa (kutayikira) kapena kupondereza kwambiri (kuphwanya chithovu kosatha, kutaya kuchira ndi kusindikiza). Ichi ndichifukwa chake makampani omwe amamvetsetsa kusala komanso kusindikiza, monga a wopanga chomangira kusiyanasiyana muzinthu zosindikizira, zitha kukhala ndi njira yozindikira. Amapeza dongosolo lamakina. Webusayiti ya Zitai Fasteners imatchula zomwe amayang'ana pakupanga magawo wamba; chidziwitso choyambirira ichi ndi chofunikira. A gasket kawirikawiri chilumba; ndi gawo la msonkhano wolumikizidwa wolumikizidwa.
Ndiroleni ndifotokoze kafukufuku wina wake. Wokasitomala adanenanso za kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kuzizira kwa ma module awo a lithiamu-ion batire yamabasi amagetsi. Ma modules anali madzi-utakhazikika kudzera mu mbale yozizira. Kujambula kwa kutentha kunawonetsa kugawidwa kwa kutentha kosafanana. Tidasokoneza gawo ndikupeza mpweya woziziritsa - chithovu chopyapyala, chowunda cha EPDM chokhala ndi zomatira - chinali chitatsitsidwa pang'ono ndikulola kutayikira kwa mphindi imodzi. Choziziriracho chinalowa pang'onopang'ono mu thovu lotsekereza loyandikana nalo, ndikuwononga mphamvu zake zotentha. Choyambitsa sichinali zomatira poyamba, koma kukonzekera pamwamba pa mbale ya aluminiyamu yozizira. Inali ndi mapeto a mphero omwe anali osalala kwambiri kuti zomatirazo zipange chomangira chokhalitsa, kuphatikizika ndi kusagwirizana kwa kukula kwa kutentha. "Kukonza" m'munda kunali kugwiritsa ntchito mkanda wa silicone, womwe ndi wosokoneza komanso wosadalirika. Yankho loyenera linali kusinthira ku gasket yokhala ndi zomatira zosiyana ndikuwonetsa kuwongolera kopepuka kwa aluminiyumu. Zida za gasket zokha zinali zabwino; kulephera kunali vuto lophatikiza dongosolo. Izi ndizofanana - ndi mpweya wa thovu zimatengera mlandu, koma vuto nthawi zambiri limakhala pamapangidwe ophatikizira kapena mawonekedwe apamwamba.
Izi zidatipangitsa kuyang'ana mozama za thovu lotsekeka ndi ma cell otseguka amadzimadzi. Selo yotsekeka ndiyosavuta kusindikiza zamadzimadzi, koma ngati ndi gasi (monga chosindikizira chosungira mphamvu ya mpweya), kuchuluka kwa kufalikira kwa thovu kumafunika kwambiri. Kwa kompresa wa hydrogen, tidayesa thovu zingapo za fluorosilicone. Njira yolephereka sikunali kutayikira pang'onopang'ono, koma kutsekeka kwa haidrojeni kwa chomangira chithovu pakapita nthawi, kupangitsa gasket kukhala bwinja komanso kukhala ndi fumbi panthawi yakusanja kuti ikonzedwe. Kuipitsidwa kumeneku ndi vuto lalikulu. Tinamaliza kusamukira ku thovu lokulitsidwa la PTFE, lomwe linali ndi kukana bwino kwa mankhwala koma zinali zovuta kufa-kudula bwino popanda kung'ambika. Woperekayo adayenera kuyika ndalama pazida zatsopano. Chisankho chilichonse chimakhala ndi zotsatira zake.
Gawo lomwe silikambidwa pang'ono ndi phokoso ndi kugwedezeka. Kuyika kwakukulu kwaukadaulo wobiriwira - ma gearbox amphepo, holo zama turbine za hydroelectric, ma compressor a mafakitale ogwidwa ndi kaboni - kuli phokoso. Ma gaskets okhala ndi thovu pamapanelo olowera komanso pakati pa zigawo zamapangidwe amathandizira pakuwonongeka kwamamvekedwe. Koma sikuti kumangomenya thovu lokhuthala kwambiri. Vinyl yodzaza ndi misa yokhala ndi chithovu chothandizira ndizofala, koma kuchuluka kwa thovu ndi makulidwe ake ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi. Mu projekiti yoyendetsera kabati yowongolera mphamvu ya mafunde, kapangidwe koyambirira kamagwiritsa ntchito thovu lomveka. Icho chinachepetsa phokoso lapamwamba bwino koma sichinachite kalikonse kwa kung'ung'udza kwafupipafupi kuchokera ku ma transformer, komwe kunali kudandaula kwakukulu. Tidayenera kutengera dongosolo ndikutchula thovu lamitundu yambiri yokhala ndi chotchinga septum. Mtengowo udakwera, koma magwiridwe antchito adakwaniritsidwa. Uwunso ndiukadaulo wobiriwira: kukonza malo ogwirira ntchito ndikuchepetsa kuwononga phokoso.
Kutsitsa kwa vibration ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wautali. M'makina oyendera dzuwa, ma drive ndi ma actuators amatha kugwedezeka kosalekeza, pang'ono komanso kugwedezeka kopangidwa ndi mphepo. Gasket ya thovu pamalo okwera imatha kupewa dzimbiri komanso kutayikira. Ndikukumbukira kuti ndinayendera famu yoyendera magetsi oyendera dzuwa pomwe mizere yolumikizira mabawuti idatsika. Mapangidwe apachiyambi anali ndi makina ochapira osalala. Kubwezeretsanso ndi makina ochapira omwe anali ndi chithovu chophatikizika cha EPDM kumbali imodzi kunathetsa vutoli. Chithovucho chinkakhala ngati makina ochapira a masika amtundu uliwonse, kusunga katundu woletsa. Ndi gawo laling'ono, koma pama tracker masauzande ambiri, limalepheretsa mutu waukulu wa O&M. Uwu ndi mtundu wa ntchito zothandiza, zosasangalatsa pomwe ma gaskets a thovu amasungidwa.
Pomaliza, tiyeni tikambirane za mapeto a moyo. A moona wobiriwira luso mankhwala amaona disassembly ndi kuchira zinthu. Ma gaskets amtundu wa Pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) ndizovuta kwa obwezeretsanso. Amayipitsa mitsinje ya aluminiyamu kapena pulasitiki. Pali chidwi chochulukirachulukira pamagasiketi a thovu a thermoplastic omwe amatha kupukutidwa ndi kutentha kapena ogwirizana ndi mtsinje wobwezeretsanso zinthu zoyambira. Mwachitsanzo, gasket ya polyolefin foam pa batire ya polypropylene ikhoza kupangidwa kuti isungunuke ndi kusakanikirana panthawi yobwezeretsanso PP popanda kunyozeka. Izi ndi zodula ndipo sizinali zokhazikika. Tidachita nawo woyendetsa ndi wopanga ma EV akuyang'ana izi. Chovuta chinali kupeza thovu lomwe limakumana ndi kuchedwa kwamoto, kusindikiza, komanso trifecta yobwezeretsanso. Kunyengerera kwapano kukugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe olekanitsidwa: chojambula chopanda thovu chopanda zomatira. Zimagwira ntchito ngati mapangidwe a nyumba ali ndi poyambira yoyenera, koma amawonjezera masitepe a msonkhano. Ndi kusinthanitsa.
Ndiye, chigamulo chake ndi chiyani? Udindo wa foam gasket mu green tech makamaka zokhudzana ndi kukhulupirika kwadongosolo komanso kuchita bwino pazolumikizana. Ndi tsatanetsatane wamunda womwe umakulirakulira. Kusankha kosakwanira kwa gasket kumatha kuwononga mphamvu (kutentha, madzimadzi), kulephera msanga, kukonza bwino, ndi zovuta zobwezeretsanso. Njira zabwino kwambiri zimaphatikizapo kuziganizira ngati gawo la dongosolo kuyambira pachiyambi, kumvetsetsa momwe zimagwirizanirana ndi zinthu, ndikupeza kuchokera kwa ogulitsa omwe amamvetsetsa zamakina ndi chilengedwe. Si chinthu chamtengo wapatali. Pokankhira ukadaulo wobiriwira, nthawi zina chisindikizo chaching'ono kwambiri ndi chomwe chimalepheretsa kutayikira kwakukulu - mukuchita, kudalirika, ndipo pamapeto pake, malonjezo a chilengedwe.