Iyo wunvise udushya twinshi, birashoboka ko utekereza imirasire yizuba cyangwa bioplastique. Ikibanza cya rubber? Ntabwo ari byinshi. Nibisanzwe bihumye. Ibitekerezo ni uko niba ari reberi kandi ni igice cyo gufunga ibicuruzwa, hashobora kubaho udushya kangahe? Ikibazo kirambye gihindurwa kuruhande nkicyiciro cya kabiri kubiciro no gukora byihuse. Mumaze kubona kandi ugasobanura ibi mumyaka mubikorwa byinganda, ndashobora kukubwira ko ari amakosa. Ikiganiro nyacyo ntabwo kijyanye na gaseke ubwayo, ahubwo kijyanye nubuzima bwacyo bwose - kuva kumurongo uri ku ruganda ruvanga kugeza iherezo ryubuzima bwe mumyanda cyangwa, twizere ko umugezi wongeye gukoreshwa. Imiterere ya kare iragora gusa kubara no kubara imyanda ugereranije na O-impeta. Noneho, hari inzira yo kuramba hano, cyangwa turimo guhanagura icyatsi gusa?

Ibikoresho bifatika: Ntabwo ari Rubber gusa

Inzitizi ya mbere ni ibikoresho ubwabyo. Rubber ntacyo imaze nkibisobanuro. Turimo tuvuga inkumi EPDM, NBR, cyangwa FKM? Buriwese ufite ibidukikije bitandukanye ukurikije inkomoko ya polymer nisoko. Gusunika kuramba kare kare akenshi biganisha ku gutunganya ibintu. Twagerageje icyiciro cya gaseke ya EPDM hamwe na 40% nyuma yinganda zongeye gutunganyirizwa munganda zumukiriya. Urupapuro rwerekana imikorere rwasaga neza - gushiraho compression, urwego rwubushyuhe. Ariko kumurongo wo kubyaza umusaruro, twabonye umuti udahuye. Ibigega bimwe byari byoroshye, ibindi birakomeye. Ibiryo byongeye gukoreshwa ntabwo byari bimwe. Byateye ubwiyongere bwa 15% mubipimo byo kwangwa mugihe cyo guterana kuko sisitemu yo gutoranya-ahantu-sisitemu rimwe na rimwe yahinduye ibice bidahuye. Intsinzi irambye yangijwe no gukora imyanda. Byari isomo: ibikubiyemo bisubirwamo ntabwo ari agasanduku; urunigi rwo gutanga ibyo bikoresho bitunganijwe bigomba kugenzurwa nkinkumi.

Noneho hariho ubundi buryo bushingiye kuri bio. Nasuzumye ingero zakozwe na reberi ikomoka kuri guayule cyangwa imizi ya dandelion. Ibintu bishimishije, kandi R&D birashimishije. Ariko kuri gasi ya kare isanzwe ikoreshwa mumabati yamashanyarazi cyangwa amazu yimashini, kugwiza ibiciro byari 4x kububiko bwa prototype. Imikorere, cyane cyane mu gusaza igihe kirekire kurwanya amavuta na UV, iracyafite ibibazo bikomeye. Ntushobora kugurisha wenda kuri injeniyeri wumushinga ukeneye garanti yimyaka 15 yubuzima. Rero, udushya nukuri, ariko ikiraro kijyanye nubucuruzi, ubunini buringaniye ni ndende. Ihitamo rirambye muri iki gihe akenshi niryo riramba. Kugaragaza ubuziranenge, bwuzuye bwakozwe na EPDM imara imyaka 20 aho kuba imvange ihendutse itesha agaciro muri 5 nuburyo bwo kuramba, nubwo bidacuruzwa nkibyo.

Aha niho ibigo bifite ubumenyi bwimbitse bwibintu. Uruganda nka Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd. (https://www.zitaifacens.com), ishingiye mubushinwa bukomeye bwihuta cyane, ibona iki kibazo cyibikoresho buri munsi. Umwanya wabo muri Yongnian, hamwe nurusobe rwinshi rwinganda, bivuze ko begereye abatanga ibikoresho bibisi ndetse nibisabwa cyane na OEM zitabarika. Ibikorwa byabo bifatika ntabwo ari ugukurikirana bio-trend igezweho, ahubwo ni ugutezimbere ibihari. Bashobora kwibanda ku ivugurura ryimbitse kugirango bongere ubuzima cyangwa bagabanye plasitike yangiza, ibyo bikaba bidashimishije ariko byihuse bigashya.

Imyanda yo gukora: Uwicecekeye

Niba ushaka kubona imyanda, sura ibikorwa byo gukubita gasike. Ufata urupapuro runini rwa reberi hanyuma ugakubita imiterere ya kare. Igikanka gisigaye-twita matrix-rimwe na rimwe ni 30-40% yibikoresho byumwimerere. Kuri gasketi izenguruka, birarushijeho kuba bibi. Ibi ntabwo ari trim; nibicuruzwa bifite igiciro nyacyo nuburemere bwibidukikije. Guhanga udushya hano ni ingirakamaro: nigute ushobora kugabanya ibi, cyangwa kubikoresha?

Uburyo bumwe ni uguhindura muburyo, cyane cyane kubijwi byinshi. Kwikuramo cyangwa gutera inshinge a kare kare hasize akantu gato ka flash kumurongo kugirango ugabanye, ugabanya cyane imyanda. Ariko igiciro cyo gukoresha ni kinini, kandi gitanga gusa kubwinshi. Kubiruka bito, twakoranye nabatanga isoko bakoresha uburyo bwo gutema ibyari, nko guhuza ingano nini zingana hamwe nurukiramende kurupapuro rumwe kugirango umusaruro wiyongere. Byumvikane byoroshye, ariko bisaba software ya nesting software kandi nubushake bwo gucunga SKUs zigoye. Undi mushinga warimo gukusanya imyanda ya skeleton isukuye no kuyisubiza mububiko kugirango yongere yongere ikoreshwe nkuzuza ibicuruzwa byo murwego rwo hasi. Ntabwo ifunze-loop, ariko ni intambwe. Ikibazo ni ibikoresho no kwanduza - kugumana imyanda isukuye bihagije kugirango ikoreshwe byongera intambwe hasi y'uruganda.

Ndibuka ikigeragezo cyatsinzwe na serivisi yo gukata amazi. Amasezerano yari ibikoresho bya zeru n'ubushobozi bwo guca ishusho iyariyo yose kurupapuro rufite igihombo gito. Ibisobanuro byari bitangaje. Ariko impande zaciwe zari zikaze, hafi ya zose, zica kashe. Twize ko kuri kashe ihamye, gukata impande nziza ni ngombwa; inkingi ibumbabumbwe cyangwa isukuye neza ifite uruhu rufunga neza. Rero, uburyo buke-imyanda yananiwe imikorere yibanze. Kuramba ntibishobora gutesha akazi akazi.

Igishushanyo cyo Gusenya no Kurangiza-Ubuzima

Numupaka, kandi mubyukuri, aho ibyinshi bigezweho kare kare kunanirwa burundu. Byaremewe gushyirwaho no kwibagirwa. Bakunze gufatanwa, cyangwa gukanda mu gikoni ku buryo kuyikuraho bisenya. Mugihe cyanyuma yubuzima, nukuvuga, generator yaciwe cyangwa akanama gashinzwe kugenzura, gasketi irashwanyaguritse hanyuma ikuzuzwa imyubakire yicyuma, cyangwa iratoragurwa cyane - ikiguzi cyakazi ntanumwe wifuza kwishyura. Kuramba kwukuri bisobanura gushushanya gutandukana neza.

Twarebye ibishushanyo aho gasketi ari ikadiri ya kare ifata mumashanyarazi, hanyuma igahita ifata ibyuma. Igitekerezo nuko ushobora gukuramo inteko yose kandi, mubyukuri, gutandukanya ibikoresho. Ariko yongeraho ibintu bigoye, igiciro, kandi itangiza ingingo nshya zo gutsindwa (clips). Mu nganda nyinshi zita ku biciro, ntabwo zitangira. Icyerekezo cyumvikana ni uguhuza ibikoresho. Niba gasike n'inzu bifunzeho bishobora guhuzwa n'umugezi utunganya ibintu, byaba ari intsinzi. Kurugero, reberi yabugenewe idasanzwe, iyo ikuweho, irashobora gukatagurwa no gukoreshwa nkimpinduka zingaruka muburyo bumwe bwa plastike ikoreshwa kumazu. Nibikoresho siyanse yibibazo, ntabwo ari igishushanyo.

Kubigize ibice bisanzwe, ikigaragara ni uko amaherezo yubuzima bushya atwarwa nubuyobozi, ntabwo yifuza isoko. Amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi azenguruka ibicuruzwa bishobora amaherezo guhatira iki kibazo ndetse na gaseke yoroheje. Kuri ubu, imyitozo irambye cyane ni ukwemeza gusa ko gasike yoroshye kumenya (urugero, durometero isanzwe na code yamabara) kuburyo tekinoroji yo kubungabunga ishobora kuyisimbuza itajugunye inteko yose.

Imikorere nicyatsi kibisi: Icyuho cyo Kugerageza

Umuntu wese arashobora gukora icyatsi kibisi. Kugaragaza ko ikora ni iyindi nkuru. Nahawe ingero zifite ibyemezo bitangaje bya eco-byabyimbye bikananirana nyuma yamasaha 500 mugupimisha amavuta ya ASTM. Inyongeramusaruro irambye cyangwa plastike yasohotse. Guhanga udushya ntabwo biri mubikorwa gusa, ahubwo ni muburyo bwo kugerageza kwemeza. Birambye rwose kare kare ikeneye raporo yikizamini ihuye cyangwa irenze imwe kubice bisanzwe isimbuza. Ibyo bivuze gusaza igihe kirekire, kwikuramo gushiraho, kurwanya amazi, no gusiganwa ku bushyuhe.

Iki kizamini gihenze kandi kiratinda. Nimbogamizi ikomeye kubashya bato. Ibibaho kenshi ni isosiyete izatangiza umurongo wicyatsi ushingiye kumibare yigihe gito, kandi gutsindwa kumurima kugaragara nyuma yimyaka, byangiza iriba kubantu bose. Amahitamo arambye abona izina ryo kuba hasi. Kugirango wirinde ibi, bamwe mubakora-batekereza imbere bashora imari mubuzima bwihuse kubintu bishya birambye. Ni ikiguzi cyo gukora ubucuruzi bw'ejo hazaza.

Uhereye kubitekerezo, ibi bihindura ikibazo. Aho kubaza Biraramba?, Urabaza Nyereka amakuru yikizamini cyamasaha 1.000 kuriyi formulaire irambye mubisabwa. Niba badashoboye, ni prototype, ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa. Isosiyete nka Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd., yibanda ku bice bisanzwe ndetse n’umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa, birashoboka ko witonda hano. Agaciro kabo ni kwizewe, kugeragezwa imikorere. Guhanga udushya kwabo kurashobora kwiyongera - kugabanya ibintu bishobora guteza akaga nka moteri yihuta cyangwa ibyuma biremereye bishingiye ku byuma bisanzwe, ibyo bikaba ari ibintu bikomeye byo kubahiriza ibidukikije ariko ntibibone izina ryiza ryo kwamamaza.

Gutanga Urunigi Mubyukuri: Byibanze na Isi

Kuramba bifite ibikoresho bya logistique. Kohereza kontineri ya kare kare kuva muri Aziya kugera i Burayi bifite igiciro cya karubone. Ese kubibyaza umusaruro hamwe nibikoresho bidakorwa neza, bito-bito bifite ibikoresho byo hejuru? Nibiharuro bigoye. Ikibanza cya producer ukomeye nka Handan Zitai, giherereye hafi yinzira zingenzi zitwara abantu nka gari ya moshi ya Beijing-Guangzhou na gari ya moshi, mubyukuri bivuga neza. Ibicuruzwa byahujwe biva mu kigo kinini cy’umusaruro birashobora kugira ikirenge cyo hasi kuri buri gice cyo gutwara abantu kuruta ibicuruzwa bito bito biva mu mahugurwa yatatanye. Rimwe na rimwe, igipimo kirambye.

Ikibazo kinini ni urwego rwo gutanga ibikoresho bibisi. Umukara wa karubone uva he? Amavuta? Umwirondoro nyawo urambye ushyinguwe cyane murwego rwa 2 na tier-3. Kubakora gasketi, kubona neza muri ibyo biragoye bidasanzwe. Ibishya bigezweho biri muri sisitemu yo gukurikirana, akenshi ishingiye kumurongo, gushushanya inkomoko yibikoresho. Ni iminsi yambere, kandi yongeraho ikiguzi, ariko niyo nzira yonyine yo kurenga kubitekerezo. Kugeza ubu, ibyifuzo byinshi bya gasketi irambye ni ibyerekeranye ninganda zikora nuburyo butaziguye, ntabwo ari urunigi rwuzuye.

Noneho kare kare urubuga rwo guhanga udushya? Rwose. Ariko guhanga udushya ntabwo ari ibikoresho byagezweho nibindi byinshi bijyanye nakazi katoroshye, kudahuza ibikorwa byo kugabanya imyanda, kuzamura ibikoresho, kuramba kwagutse, no kugerageza bikomeye. Igikoresho kirambye cyane muri iki gihe akenshi nicyo cyerekanwe neza, cyizewe kugeza kuramba, kandi kigakorwa muri sisitemu ikora igabanya ibisigazwa. Kazoza keza ka bio-kazoza karaza, ariko iterambere ryuyu munsi riri muburyo burambuye bw'uruganda na raporo y'ibizamini bya laboratoire. Nubwihindurize buhoro buhoro, ntabwo ari impinduramatwara, kandi bisaba abantu bose-bashushanya, injeniyeri, nuwabikoze-gutekereza kurenza urupapuro rworoshye.