
2026-02-21
Lapho othile ebuza ‘ngokuqina okukhulu kwamantongomane amnyama,’ ukucabangela okusheshayo ngokuvamile kumayelana nokunameka—ukuthi i-black oxide noma i-phosphate emnyama. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, lokho kumane nje kuyingqimba ebonakalayo. Ingxoxo yangempela iqala ngezinto eziyisisekelo, inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa, futhi ngokungananazi, indawo ethile okuhloswe ukuba iphile. Ngibone ama-specs amaningi kakhulu avele abize 'iBanga lesi-8 elimnyama ngaphandle kokubheka ukuthi elomile, elingaphakathi endlini noma isakhiwo esingaphandle esibheke isifutho sikasawoti ogwini. Ingxenye ‘emnyama’ akusona isihlangu somlingo; kunomthelela ekuphikiseni ukugqwala kanye nobuhle, kodwa ‘amandla aphezulu’ kanye ‘nokuqina’ kuyindaba yobunjiniyela ejule kakhulu.
Emgqeni wethu, 'amandla aphezulu' ngokuvamile akhomba amakilasi ezakhiwo afana no-8, 10, noma 12. Ngamantongomane, ukufanisa amandla ebhawodi kubalulekile ukuze ugweme ukuhlubula intambo—iphuzu lokuhluleka lakudala. Sikhuluma ngensimbi ye-carbon steel quenched and tempered medium, noma i-alloy steel yamabanga aphezulu. Ukuqina ngaphansi komthwalo kuncike kulokhu. Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi yocezu lomshini osindayo lapho iklayenti laphikelela khona ekusebenziseni amantongomane eBanga lesi-5 aqedwe amnyama namabhawodi eBanga lesi-8, licabanga ukuthi umbala uhambisana nobuhle. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, saba nemibiko yokuxhumana okuxekethile. Amantongomane ayethele. ‘Okumnyama’ kwakukuhle; amandla ezinto ezibonakalayo ayengafani. Lokho kuwukwehluleka ukuqina okusekelwe ekucacisweni, hhayi ukumboza.
Indawo yokukhiqiza e-Yongnian, e-Hebei, yilapho ubona khona lesi sikali sisebenza. Umphakeli othanda I-Handan Zitai Fetesser Comment Co, Ltd., esebenza kusukela kuleso sizinda sokukhiqiza esikhulu, ingqalasizinda yokulawula insimbi nokwelashwa kokushisa ngenqwaba. Indawo yabo eduze kwemizila emikhulu yokuthutha akuyona nje indawo yokuthengisa; kusho ukuhlinzekwa kwempahla eluhlaza okungaguquguquki kanye nokuhlelwa kwethani elisindayo elihilela ukukhiqizwa kwezinsimbi eziqinile. Uma ubhekene nama-oda wangempela wevolumu ephezulu, yezinga lezimboni, lokho kuzinza kwempahla kuba nomthelela ngokungaqondile kwekhwalithi—okuyisihluthulelo, esivame ukunganakwa, isici sokuqina.
Ngakho, ukwahlulela kanjani? Izitifiketi nemibiko yokuhlolwa. Umkhiqizi onokwethenjelwa kufanele anikeze izitifiketi zezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nobufakazi bezakhiwo zemishini. Ukuqina, amandla aqinile, umthwalo oqinisekisiwe—lezi zinombolo zixoxa indaba yokuqina isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba inathi libone isikrufu. Ukuqeda okumnyama kucishe kufane nokucatshangelwa kamuva elebhu yokuhlola, kodwa kuyinto yokuqala ebonwa ngumuntu othengayo.
Ake sikhulume ‘ngomnyama’ uqobo. Ngokuvamile kuba i-conversion coating, hhayi i-plating. Ayifaki ukushuba okufana ne-zinc plating, okubalulekile ekugcineni ukubekezelelwa kwentambo okunembile kumantongomane anamandla. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukumelana nokugqwala, kodwa imnene. Inikeza umgoqo ohloniphekile ngokumelene ne-oxidation endaweni evamile futhi inikeza isisekelo esihle sokubamba amafutha noma ama-wax. Sivamise ukucwilisa amantongomane ane-oxidized emnyama emafutheni alula, athuthukisa kakhulu ukuvikela kwawo kokugqwala kwesikhashana futhi anikeze leso sici ukukhanya okuncane.
Kodwa-ke, ngibe nesabelo sami sokungaqondi kahle namakhasimende alindele ukuthi lesi siphetho sisebenze njengokwenza i-hot-dip galvanizing. Ngeke. Endaweni enomswakama ophezulu noma amakhemikhali, i-black oxide iyodwa izobonisa ukugqwala okubomvu ngokushesha. Ukuqina kwayo kuzilungiselelo ezonakalisayo kunqunyelwe. Lokhu sakufunda kabuhlungu eqenjini elathunyelwa endaweni yokugcina izimpahla eduze nogu. Amantongomane ayebukeka emuhle ekulethweni kodwa abonakala enamachashaza phakathi namasonto. Ukulungiswa kwakungeyona 'ingcono' yokuqeda emnyama; ibishintshela esimisweni esihlukile ngokuphelele saleyo ndawo.
Inzuzo yesiphetho esimnyama sokuqina ithi ayiqondile. Inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuhuzuka uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye ezinemihlobiso enamapulangwe. I-coating ihlanganiswe phezulu, ngakho-ke ayifuni kalula ngesikhathi sokufakwa noma ngaphansi kokudlidliza. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina umgoqo wokugqwala owuhlinzekayo. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho umhlangano ungabona ukuphatha okuningi noma ukuklwebheka okuncane, lokho kuyinzuzo ebonakalayo.
Ukuqina akukhona nje ukungagqwali. Ngenati elinamandla amakhulu, ikhono layo lokuhlala libekwe ngaphansi kwemithwalo eguquguqukayo libalulekile. Yilapho izici zedizayini ezifana ne-torque ekhona (njengakukhikhithi ofaka inayiloni) noma amaphethini entambo akhubazekile angena khona, ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ngemva kwenqubo ye-oxidizing emnyama. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwesici sokukhiya kanye nesiphetho esimnyama kudinga ukucatshangelwa. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukushuba kokumboza, noma kuncane kakhulu, kungathinta ukuvumelana kwetorque yokukhiya. Kuyimininingwane encane yokulawula inqubo ehlukanisa inqwaba enhle nenkulu.
Izinga lokushisa lingomunye umbulali othule. Amantongomane ajwayelekile acishiwe futhi aqinile anomkhawulo wokushisa wesevisi ephezulu. Yeqa lokho, futhi intukuthelo iyadonswa, amandla ayehla, futhi ukuqina kuyehla. Ngikhumbula uphenyo lwengxenye yenjini lapho izinga lokushisa lokusebenza laliseduze nomkhawulo wekilasi lezinto ezibonakalayo. Kudingeka sihlehle futhi sincome ibanga elihlukile, ngaphandle kokugxila kwezindleko zeklayenti ekuqaleni. ‘Inati elimnyama elinamandla aphezulu’ lalingeyona impendulo efanele. Umbala omnyama ngokwawo ungashintsha umbala emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, okuyisimonyo kodwa kwesinye isikhathi okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile.
Ukwehluleka ukukhathala yikhona okucashile kakhulu. Kwenzeka emazingeni okucindezeleka ngaphansi kwamandla e-tensile. Izinga lokuginqika kwentambo, ukungabi bikho kokulimala okungaphezulu noma imifantu emincane evela ekwenziweni, kanye nokushelela kwesiphetho konke kuthonya impilo yokukhathala. Inqubo yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-black oxide, okuyinto ngokuyisisekelo ukugqwala okulawulwayo, akufanele yethule i-hydrogen embrittlement-ingozi ngezinqubo ezithile ze-electroplating. Lokhu kwenza inati le-oxide elicutshungulwe kahle libe inketho ephephile yamandla aphezulu, izicelo zokukhathala okuphezulu kusukela lapho usuhamba.
Ngakho-ke, ukucacisa kanjani ukuqina? Uqala ngemvelo. Indoor, umoya olawulwayo? I-oxide evamile emnyama enathini Lesigaba 10 cishe ingaphezu kokwanele. Ngaphandle, kwezimboni, noma umswakama ophezulu? Ungase udinge leyo oxide emnyama njengesisekelo kodwa ucacise ijazi langaphezulu elengeziwe le-wax noma idiphu kawoyela esindayo. Ezimweni ezinzima, ukuqedwa okumnyama kungase kube ungqimba lwezimonyo ngaphansi kwesistimu yokunamathela eqinile, nakuba lokho kungavamile kumantongomane ngenxa yezinkinga zokubekezelela intambo.
Kumayelana nokusebenzisana nomqambi. Udinga umphakeli oqonda lawa manuances, hhayi nje othengisa umkhiqizo ojwayelekile. Lapho ubuyekeza ikhono lenkampani, njengalokho ongakubona esizeni esinjalo https://www.zitaifasteners.com, Ngibheka ubufakazi bokulawulwa kwenqubo-indlela abaphatha ngayo inkatho yokwelashwa kokushisa, ikhwalithi yabo ihlola ukunamathela kwe-coating kanye nokumelana nokugqwala (amahora okuhlola isifutho sikasawoti), kanye nokuzimisela kwabo ukunikeza idatha yobuchwepheshe. Umkhiqizi oshumekwe kusizinda esikhulu sokukhiqiza esifana ne-Yongnian uvame ukuba nethuba lokuhlinzeka ngamaketanga akhethekile, anezigaba ezahlukene zokuqeda nezidingo zebanga.
Okokugcina, ungalokothi ukuthathele phansi ukufakwa. Ukuqina kwakhelwe ngaphakathi kodwa kungafakwa ngaphandle. Ukudonsa ngokweqile inathi elimnyama elinamandla amakhulu lingakwazi ukulelula, kubeke engozini amandla alo okubamba kanye nomgoqo wokugqwala. Ukusebenzisa i-lubricant engalungile emicu kungasebenzisana ne-black oxide coating. Isifaki sidinga ukwazi ukuthi siphetheni. Sesiqale ngisho nokufaka amanothi okuphatha ayisisekelo ngokuthunyelwa ngobuningi ngoba kusindisa ikhanda elibuhlungu phansi komfula.
Ekugcineni, ukuqina kwenati elimnyama elinamandla aphezulu kuyimpahla yesistimu. Umshado wezinto eziyisisekelo ezilungile kanye nezakhiwo zemishini ('amandla aphezulu'), ukwelashwa kwendawo efanele futhi esetshenziswe kahle ('emnyama'), nokukhetha okufanele kwendawo yokusebenza. Awukwazi ukuhlukanisa omunye komunye. Ukuqedwa okuphelele okumnyama kuntongomane engaphansi kwamandla kuyahluleka. Inadi leBanga le-12 elifakwe kahle ngokushisa elinezinga eliphansi nelimnyama elinezibazi lizoqala ukugqwala, futhi lowo mgodi wokugqwala uba into egxilisa ingqondo, okuholela ekuqhekekeni okungase kube khona ukukhathala.
Iseluleko sami ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlola isicelo sangempela uma kungenzeka. Oda inqwaba yesampula, uyibeke kumjikelezo wesevisi olingisa, noma ngisho nokuhlolwa kokugqwala okusheshisiwe okulawulwayo. Bona ukuthi isiphetho simi kanjani, hlola ukugaqa ngesikhathi sokufakwa, futhi uqinisekise ubudlelwano be-torque-tension. Lokhu kuhlola okusebenzayo kukutshela ngaphezu kwanoma yiliphi ishidi ledatha.
Ekugcineni, kuyingxenye ebonakala ilula kodwa ibambe amandla ayinkimbinkimbi. Ukuthola ukuqina kwayo ngokufanele kumayelana nokuhlonipha lobo bunzima, ukubheka ngaphandle kombala ongaphezulu, nokugxila kulo lonke uchungechunge lwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukukhiqiza, ukucaciswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa. Yilapho kwakhiwe khona ukusebenza kwangempela, okuthembekile.