
2026-02-01
Mukamva 'kukhazikika' ndi 'magaskets' m'chiganizo chomwecho, malingaliro ambiri amalumphira molunjika kuzinthu zobwezerezedwanso. Ndiwo msampha wamba. Nkhani yeniyeni ndi yoipa kwambiri, yocheperapo ndi zamatsenga zamatsenga komanso zochulukirapo - kukulitsa moyo wautumiki pansi pazikhalidwe zankhanza, kudula mpweya wothawa kwawo kufupi ndi ziro, inde, nthawi zina zimaphatikizanso polima watsopano, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhudzana ndi kupanga kapena kusindikiza geometry yomwe tidapunthwa chifukwa pompa ya kasitomala imalephera. Ndi ntchito yowonjezereka, nthawi zambiri yosaoneka. Kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika sikumakhala mu kabukuka; ili mu nthawi yochepetsera, kutayikira komwe kumapewedwa, ndi matani amadzimadzi osakanikirana osatayika mumlengalenga. Kumeneko ndi kumene zopindula zenizeni zikuchitidwa, osati m’zakudya zosaphika zokha.
M'mbuyomu, tidakondwera ndi ma elastomers opangidwa ndi bio. Anayesa kapangidwe koyambira kolimbikitsa mu pulogalamu yokhazikika ya flange ya chomera chamankhwala. Deta ya labu inali stellar-compressor set, chemical resistance. Kulephera kwamunda m'miyezi 8. Osati kutayikira kowopsa, koma kulira komwe kunalamula kuti kuyimitsidwa. Nkhaniyo sinali yoyambira polima; inali pulasitiki yotuluka mofulumira pansi pa njinga yeniyeni yotentha kusiyana ndi kuyesa kofulumira kwa ukalamba. Limenelo linali phunziro lokwera mtengo kusiyana pakati pa deta ndi malo ogwira ntchito. Kukhazikika kudagunda chifukwa chipangizocho chimafunikira kusinthidwa katatu kuposa njira wamba, 'yobiriwira pang'ono'. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa carbon, kuphatikizapo kupanga ndi kutseka mphamvu, kunali koipitsitsa.
Choncho maganizo anasintha. Tsopano, tikawunika zatsopano, funso loyamba ndi moyo wonse wautumiki pansi pamikhalidwe yapadera. Titha kupeza zaka 5 m'malo mwa 3 mwa a gasket mu mzere wa nthunzi wa 250 ° C? Kuchepetsa kwa kusintha, kuwononga, ndi ntchito nthawi zambiri kumachepetsa chiwopsezo choyambirira. Tinayamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri ndi mapangidwe a mabala ozungulira, osati ndi zodzaza zatsopano, koma ndi kukhathamiritsa kokhazikika kwa mafunde ndi kuwerengera kosanjikiza kuti tigwire ma spikes apamwamba osayika. Izi si zatsopano zachigololo; ndi ukadaulo waukadaulo. Koma zimalepheretsa kutayikira ndi kusintha. Ndiko kukhazikika kokhazikika.
Kuganiza mozungulira moyo uku kumakupatsaninso mwayi wogwirizana ndi opanga omwe amapeza. Ndayendera zomera kumene kudula masamba gasket zipangizo zimapanga 30% zowonongeka. Wopereka m'modzi, Malingaliro a kampani Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd., yomwe imagwira ntchito ku China ku Yongnian, idawunikira izi. Kuyandikira kwawo pamitsinje yamafuta ndi zinthu zophatikizika (zili pafupi ndi misewu yayikulu ndi njanji) zimawalola kuti azikonza ma batch mogwira mtima, kuchepetsa zinyalala zomwe zimachokera. Kwa iwo, kukhazikika mbali ina ya kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kabwino kake. Ndi mbali yosiyana, koma yovomerezeka.
Apa ndi pamene mphira umakumana ndi msewu—kapena kuti, pamene graphite imakumana ndi flange. Kukakamiza kowongolera pa VOC ndi kutayikira kwa methane ndikwankhanza komanso kukukulirakulira. Zatsopano apa ndi zazing'ono. Sizokhudza kugwira kukakamizidwa; ndi za kusindikiza zolakwika pamtunda pamlingo wa micron pansi pa katundu wozungulira. Tawona kusunthira kumagulu opangidwa mwaluso gaskets ndi kachulukidwe ka gradient. Zigawo zakunja zimakhala zofewa kuti zilowerere mu zolakwika za flange, pachimake chimakhala cholimba kuti zisawonongeke.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yobwezeretsanso pa banki yokalamba yoyenga valavu. Zomwe zidalipo zinali zamasamba opanikizidwa omwe si aasibesitosi. Tinakankhira graphite laminate ya PTFE. Mtengowo unali wokwera 60%. Kukankhirako kunali kotheka. Tinkayendetsa woyendetsa ndege wamng'ono, yemwe ankagwiritsa ntchito ma flanges kuti azindikire kuti akutuluka. Pambuyo pa chaka cha kutentha kwa kutentha, kutayikira kwa zinthu zatsopano kunali kochepa kwambiri. Masamba akale adawonetsa kukwapula kowonekera ndipo amafunikira kugwedezekanso. Kubwezako kudabwera chifukwa chopewa chindapusa chomwe chingakhalepo komanso ntchito yokonzanso. The luso anali kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodziwika m'njira yovuta kwambiri, yopangidwa molondola. Phindu lokhazikika linali pakuletsedwa kwa mpweya.
Kulephera ndi mphunzitsi wamkulu panonso. Tidayesa buku la 'kudzisindikiza' lokhala ndi chosindikizira chaching'ono. Chiphunzitso chinali chanzeru: kutayikira kwakung'ono kumang'ambika makapisozi, ma sealant amayenda. M'malo mwake, makapisoziwo adasokoneza kukhazikika kwazinthu zoyambira. Iwo analephera pa kutentha otsika kuposa Baibulo muyezo. Phunziro lina: kuwonjezera zovuta pa ntchito imodzi kungathe kusokoneza ntchito yaikulu. Nthawi zina, yankho lokhazikika kwambiri ndi losavuta, lodalirika lomwe mungatchule molondola.
Mutha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri, koma ngati gasket sidulidwa kapena kuumbidwa mwatsatanetsatane kwambiri, magwiridwe antchito amatsika. Kusagwirizana ndi mdani wa moyo wautali. Ndawonapo ma gaskets awiri kuchokera pamtanda womwewo, wina zaka zokhalitsa, winayo akulephera msanga, chifukwa cha kusiyana pang'ono kwa kuvala kocheka panthawi yopanga. Zatsopanozi nthawi zambiri zimayang'anira njira, osati kapangidwe kazinthu.
Kudula kwa laser ndi waterjet kudula kwakhala kofala kwambiri pazisindikizo zamtengo wapatali. M'mphepete mwawo ndi oyera, omwe amapereka malo osindikizira osasinthasintha komanso amachepetsa mwayi wa zinthu zodzaza "zowonongeka" pansi pa kukanidwa. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha njira yotayira. Ndiko kusintha kwakukulu kwa ndalama kwa opanga, koma pazovuta kwambiri, zimakhala zosakanjanitsika. Kulondola uku kumachepetsanso zinyalala panthawi yopanga—kumanga zisa pa digito kuti ziwonjezeke zokolola.
Izi zikugwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha mafakitale m'malo ngati Yongnian District. Gulu la akatswiri, kuchokera kwa opanga zinthu kupita ku odula bwino mpaka opanga zomangira monga Handan Zitai, imapanga malingaliro ozungulira. Wopanga atha kupeza zinthu zotsimikizika, kuzidula bwino, ndikuziphatikiza ndi zomangira zolondola, zapamwamba kwambiri kuti zigwirizane bwino kwambiri m'dera lozungulira. Njira yophatikizikayi imachepetsa kusinthika kwaubwino ndi masitepe oyendetsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chinthu chodalirika komanso chokhazikika, chomaliza. Mbiri yawo yamakampani yomwe ikugogomezera momwe zinthu zilili zophatikizika sizongogulitsa; ndi chinthu chenicheni chochepetsera mpweya wa carbon pamwamba pa makina osindikizira asanayambe ngakhale kutumiza.
Pansi, injiniya yemwe akutchula gasket amakumana ndi zovuta nthawi zonse. Dipatimenti yogula zinthu ikufuna mtengo wotsika kwambiri. Woyang'anira zachilengedwe akufuna baji yazinthu zobwezerezedwanso. Woyang'anira ntchito akufuna zero nthawi yosakonzekera. Kuyenda uku ndiko mchitidwe weniweni. Nthawi zina, chisankho chokhazikika kwambiri ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali, chokhala ndi moyo wautali wopanda zinthu zobwezerezedwanso. Muyenera kulungamitsa ndi kusanthula mtengo wa moyo womwe ukuphatikiza zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
Tinapanga chitsanzo chosavuta cha spreadsheet kwa makasitomala. Zimatengera mtengo wa gasket, moyo womwe ukuyembekezeka, kutsika kwapakati, mtengo wotseka, komanso mtengo wazithunzi zotulutsa mpweya. Ndi zamwano, koma zimapangitsa zokambirana kukhala zomveka. Nthawi zambiri, njira ya 'wobiriwira' imapambana osati pamalingaliro, koma pamtengo wokwanira wa umwini mukamawerengera bwino pachiwopsezo. Izi zimasamutsa zokambiranazo kuchokera kuzinthu zoyambira kupita ku mbiri yamasewera.
Apa ndipamene maphunziro ochokera kumunda ali golide. Monga kufotokoza kansalu kosinthika ka graphite kwa dzimbiri koopsa, zotsekera mumitengo yakale m'malo moumirira kukonzanso kwathunthu. Zida za gasket zimagwirizana ndikusindikiza, kukulitsa moyo wazomwe zilipo - kupambana kwakukulu kokhazikika popewa chitsulo, makina, ndi mphamvu zosinthira zonse. Zatsopano zinali mu chidziwitso cha ntchito, osati mankhwala omwewo.
Kodi kukankhira kwina kumachokera kuti? Mapaipi a haidrojeni ndi ma electrolyzer. Kusungunuka kwa haidrojeni ndi kukula kwake kakang'ono ka molekyulu kumapereka chisindikizo choopsa. Ma elastomer omwe alipo amatha kukhala osalimba; graphite yokhazikika imatha kukhala ndi zovuta zolowera. Mapaipi aukadaulo akuyenda bwino ndi mitundu yatsopano ya polima komanso mapangidwe osakanizidwa azitsulo zosindikizira. Zabwerera ku labu ya zida, koma ndi zaka khumi zamaphunziro ovuta omwe aphunzira.
Mbali ina ndi kuphatikiza kwa digito. Kodi titha kuyika sensa kuti tiwunikire kutayika kwa kupsinjika kapena kutayikira koyambirira? Zikumveka ngati kuchulukirachulukira, koma pamphambano yovuta kwambiri, kukonza zolosera kungalepheretse kulephera kowopsa komanso kumasulidwa kogwirizana ndi chilengedwe. Gasket imakhala gawo logwira ntchito. Vutoli ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba komanso yotsika mtengo. Sitinafike pano, koma ma prototypes alipo.
Pomaliza, zatsopano za gasket za kukhazikika idzakhalabe gawo la pragmatic, kuthetsa mavuto. Ndizochepa pa zolengeza zakusintha komanso zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zabwino, mapangidwe anzeru, kupanga mwatsatanetsatane, komanso - mozama - kudziwa zambiri. Cholinga chake si chisindikizo changwiro, koma chodalirika kwambiri pa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, yokhala ndi malo ochepa kwambiri. Ndipo nthawi zina, izi zikutanthauza kuti gawo lopangidwa bwino kuchokera ku mafakitale ogwira ntchito, otchulidwa molondola, ndiye chida chokhazikika kwambiri m'bokosi.