Xa usiva ‘uzinzo’ kunye ‘negaskets’ kwisivakalisi esinye, iingqondo ezininzi zitsibela ngqo kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Lowo ngumgibe oqhelekileyo. Ibali lokwenyani libi kakhulu, lincinci malunga nesixhobo somlingo esinye kwaye ngakumbi malunga nokusila-ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo phantsi kweemeko ezinoburhalarhume, ukusika ukukhutshwa kwempucuko ukuya kufutshane ne-zero, kwaye ewe, ngamanye amaxesha oko kubandakanya i-polymer entsha, kodwa rhoqo imalunga ne-tweak yokuvelisa okanye ukutywinwa kwejometri esiye sakhubeka kuyo ngenxa yokuba impompo yomthengi ihlala isilela. Yinto eyongeziweyo, umsebenzi osoloko ungabonakali. Ukomelela kozinzo akusoloko kukho kwincwadana; ikwixesha elincitshisiweyo lokuphumla, ukuvuza okuthintelweyo, kunye neetoni zenkqubo yolwelo olungalahlekanga emoyeni. Kulapho iinzuzo zokwenyani zenziwa, hayi nje kwi-feedstock ekrwada.

Ngaphaya kweMathiriyeli: I-Lifecycle Calculus

Kwangoko, siye sanemincili malunga ne-bio-based elastomers. Uzamile ukwakheka kwisiqalo esithembisayo kwisicelo seflange esisemgangathweni sesityalo sekhemikhali. Idatha yelebhu yayiyi-stellar-enkulu yoxinzelelo, ukuxhatshazwa kweekhemikhali. Ukusilela kwebala kwiinyanga ezisi-8. Hayi ukuvuza okuyintlekele, kodwa isililo esigunyazise ukuvalwa. Umba wawungeyosiseko sepolymer; yayiyiplasticizer ephuma ngokukhawuleza phantsi kwebhayisekile yokwenyani eshushu kuneemvavanyo ezikhawulezayo zokwaluphala. Eso yayisisifundo esinexabiso elikhulu kumahluko phakathi kwedatha yedatha kunye nendawo yenkonzo. Uzinzo luthathe inyathelo ngenxa yokuba iyunithi idinga ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza kathathu kunesiqhelo, enye indlela 'engaphantsi eluhlaza'. I-carbon footprint iyonke, kubandakanywa ukuveliswa kunye nokuvalwa kwamandla, kwakubi kakhulu.

Ngoko ugxininiso lwatshintsha. Ngoku, xa sivavanya into entsha, umbuzo wokuqala bubomi benkonzo epheleleyo phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ngaba sinokufumana iminyaka emi-5 endaweni ye-3 kwi-a i-gasket kumgca womphunga wama-250°C? Oko kuncitshiswa kotshintsho, inkcitho, kunye nabasebenzi kudla ngokuyinciphisa impembelelo yemathiriyeli yokuqala. Siqale ukusebenza ngakumbi ngoyilo lwamanxeba ajikelezayo, kungekuko ngokufaka izihluzi ezitsha, kodwa ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lomoya kunye nokubalwa komgangatho wokujongana noxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphandle kokumisela. Oku akuyiyo into entsha evuselelayo; bubungqongqo bobunjineli. Kodwa kuthintela ukuvuza kunye nokutshintshwa. Oko kukusebenza okuzinzileyo.

Oku kucinga komjikelo wobomi nako kukutyhalela kubudlelwane kunye nabenzi boyilo abalufumanayo. Ndiye ndandwendwela izityalo apho inkqubo yokusika iphepha i-gasket imathiriyeli idala inkunkuma eyi-30%. Umthengisi omnye, I-Sunnian Zitai Festener Fishaner Comment Com., esebenza ngaphandle kwesiseko senxalenye esisiseko saseTshayina eYongnian, yaqaqambisa oku. Ukusondela kwabo kwimisinga yempahla ekrwada kunye nezixhobo ezidityanisiweyo (zilungile ngoohola bendlela kunye nololiwe) zibavumela ukuba baqhube ii-odolo ze-batch ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi, ukunciphisa inkunkuma yempahla ekrwada ukusuka ekuqaleni. Kubo, ukuzinza ngokuyinxenye imalunga nempumelelo yolungiselelo-amakhonkco obonelelo olufutshane kwingingqi yawo athetha ukukhutshwa kwezithuthi ezisezantsi kwii-odolo zezambuku zefastener kunye nezixhobo zokutywina. Yi-engile eyahlukileyo, kodwa iyasebenza.

Umda wokuKhupha okuBalekayo: Apho iMicrons ibalulekile

Kulapho irabha idibana khona nendlela—okanye kunoko, apho igraphite idibana khona neflange. Uxinzelelo lolawulo kwi-VOC kunye nokuvuza kwemethane bububurhalarhume kwaye buba mbi ngakumbi. Utshintsho apha luncinci. Akunjalo ngokubamba uxinzelelo; imalunga nokutywina ukungafezeki komphezulu kwinqanaba le-micron phantsi kwemithwalo ye-cyclic. Siye sabona intshukumo isiya kubunjineli bobunjineli iirhasi kunye noxinzelelo lwegradient. Iileya zangaphandle zithambile ukuba zigeleze kwiimpazamo ze-flange, undoqo uhlala uqinile ukuxhathisa ukukhasa.

Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yeretrofit kwibhanki yevalvu yokucokisa egugileyo. I-spec yayiyeyamaphepha aqhelekileyo acinezelweyo angenga-asbestos. Sityhale i-PTFE-coated graphite laminate. Iindleko bezingama-60% ngaphezulu. Ukutyhala bekucingelwa kwangaphambili. Saqhuba umqhubi wenqwelo-moya omncinane, sixhobe iiflange ukuze kubonwe ukuvuza. Emva konyaka wemijikelo ye-thermal, izinga lokuvuza kwisixhobo esitsha belisezantsi ngokungenakulinganiswa. Amaphepha amadala abonisa ukukhahlela okubonakalayo kwaye kufuneka aphinde ashukunyiswe. Imbuyekezo yavela ekuphepheni izohlwayo ezinokuthi zibekho zolawulo kunye nomsebenzi wokuphinda uhlawule. I ukusungula izinto ezintsha yayikukusebenzisa imathiriyeli eyaziwayo ngendlela enzima ngakumbi, eyenziwe ngokuchanekileyo. Inzuzo yozinzo ibikwizinto ezikhutshwayo ezithintelweyo.

Ukusilela ngumfundisi-ntsapho omkhulu nalapha. Sizame inoveli 'yokuzitywina' gasket ene-micro-encapsulated sealant. Ithiyori yayigqwesile: ukuvuza okungephi kugqabhuka iicapsules, ukuhamba kwe-sealant. Enyanisweni, ii-capsules ziphazamise ukuzinza kwe-thermal yesiseko. Ayiphumelelanga kwiqondo lobushushu elisezantsi kunoguqulelo oluqhelekileyo. Esinye isifundo: ukongeza ubunzima bomsebenzi omnye kunokuthoba undoqo wokusebenza. Ngamanye amaxesha, esona sisombululo sizinzileyo sesona silula, sinokuthenjwa onokuthi usichaze ngokuchanekileyo.

Isandla esifihlakeleyo soMveliso: Ukuchaneka njengoMqhubi oZinzileyo

Unokuba neyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqulunqwa kwezinto, kodwa ukuba i-gasket ayinqunyulwanga okanye ibunjwe ngokuchaneka okugqithisileyo, ukusebenza kuyancipha. Ukungahambelani lutshaba lokuphila ixesha elide. Ndibone iigaskets ezimbini ukusuka kwibhetshi enye, enye iminyaka ehlala, enye isilela kwangaphambi kwexesha, ngenxa yokwahluka okuncinci kokunxiba komsiki ngexesha lokwenziwa. Inguqulelo entsha ihlala ikulawulo lwenkqubo, hayi uyilo lwemveliso.

Ukusika iLaser kunye nejet yejet iye yaxhaphaka kakhulu kwizitywini zexabiso eliphezulu. Umgangatho womphetho ucocekile, obonelela ngomphezulu wokutywina ongaguquguqukiyo kwaye unciphisa ithuba lezinto zokuzalisa 'zokonakala' phantsi koxinzelelo. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wendlela yokuvuza. Lutshintsho olufuna imali eninzi kubavelisi, kodwa kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo, luba lungenangxoxo. Oku kuchanekileyo kunciphisa inkunkuma ngexesha lemveliso nako-ukwakha iindlwane ngokwedijithali ukwandisa isivuno sezinto eziphathekayo.

Oku kunxulumana umva kushishino lwendalo kwiindawo ezifana neSithili saseYongnian. Iqela leengcaphephe, ukusuka kubavelisi bezinto eziphathekayo ukuya kwizisiki ezichanekileyo ukuya kubenzi bezinto zokuqhobosha I-shoan fiitai, yenza iluphu yengxelo. Umenzi wemveliso unokuvelisa imathiriyeli ekrwada eqinisekisiweyo, ayinqumle ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye idityaniswe neziqhoboshi ezichanekileyo, zodidi oluphezulu ukuze zidityaniswe ngokufanelekileyo zonke ngaphakathi kweradiyasi yejografi. Le ndlela edibeneyo inciphisa ukuguquguquka komgangatho kunye namanyathelo okuthutha, igalelo ekuthembekeni ngakumbi-kwaye ngaloo ndlela izinzileyo-imveliso yokugqibela. Iprofayili yenkampani yabo egxininisa ukuhanjiswa okudibeneyo akuyona nje indawo yokuthengisa; yinto yokwenyani ekunciphiseni i-carbon overhead yenkqubo yokutywina ngaphambi kokuba ihambe ngeenqanawa.

Ingxaki yoMcacisi: Iindleko zokulinganisa, umngcipheko, kunye neenjongo eziluhlaza

Emhlabeni, injineli echaza i-gasket ijongene noxinzelelo oluqhubekayo. Isebe lokuthenga lifuna elona xabiso liphantsi. Umphathi wendalo esingqongileyo ufuna ibheji yesiqulatho ehlaziyiweyo. Umphathi wemisebenzi ufuna iqanda lexesha lokuphumla elingacwangciswanga. Ukuzulazula oku kukwenza ngokwenene. Ngamanye amaxesha, olona khetho luzinzileyo luyiprimiyamu, imveliso yexesha elide engenawo umxholo ohlaziyiweyo. Kuya kufuneka uyithethelele ngohlalutyo lweendleko zobomi obubandakanya umngcipheko wokukhutshwa.

Senze imodeli elula yespredishithi kubathengi. Ibandakanya ixabiso le-gasket, ubomi obulindelekileyo, umyinge wokuvuza okuphakathi, iindleko zokuvalwa, kunye neendleko zesithunzi zokukhutshwa. Ikrwada, kodwa yenza incoko ibambeke. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukhetho 'oluhlaza' aluphumeleli kwiingcamango, kodwa kwiindleko ezipheleleyo zobunini xa ubeka umngcipheko ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kutshintsha ingxoxo ukusuka kumnombo wezinto eziphathekayo ukuya kumnombo womsebenzi.

Apha kulapho imizekelo yezifundo ezivela endle ziyigolide. Njengokuchaza iribhoni yegraphite eguquguqukayo enomhlwa kakhulu, iiflange eziphothiweyo kwisityalo sakudala endaweni yokunyanzelisa ukulungiswa kweflange ngokupheleleyo. Izinto ze-gasket zihambelana kunye nezitywina, ukwandisa ubomi beziseko ezikhoyo-ukuphumelela okukhulu kozinzo ngokuphepha intsimbi, umatshini kunye namandla okutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo. Inguqulelo ibikulwazi lwesicelo, hayi imveliso ngokwayo.

Ukujonga Phambili: ILiza elilandelayo loxinzelelo

Iphuma phi intshukumo elandelayo? Imibhobho yeHydrojeni kunye ne-electrolyzers. I-Hydrogen embrittlement kunye nobukhulu bayo bemolekyuli encinci bubonisa iphupha elibi lokutywina. Iielastomer ezikhoyo zinokuba brittle; igraphite esemgangathweni ingaba nemiba yokungena. Umbhobho ovelisa into entsha ugcwele imixube emitsha yepolymer kunye noyilo oluxutyiweyo lwentsimbi. Ibuyela kwilebhu yezixhobo, kodwa ishumi leminyaka lezifundo ezinzima ezifundiweyo.

Enye indawo kukudityaniswa kwedijithali. Ngaba sinokuzinzisa inzwa yokubeka iliso kwilahleko yoxinzelelo okanye ukuvuza kwangethuba? Kuvakala njengokugqwesa, kodwa kwindawo ebalulekileyo, ukugcinwa kwangaphambili kunokuthintela ukungaphumeleli kwentlekele kunye nokukhululwa kokusingqongileyo okuhambelanayo. I-gasket iba yinto esebenzayo. Umceli mngeni kukuwenza womelele kwaye wonge iindleko. Asikabikho, kodwa iiprototypes zikhona.

Ekugqibeleni, ezintsha gasket ngenxa ukuzinza iya kuhlala iyipragmatic, indawo yokusombulula ingxaki. Incinci malunga nezibhengezo zenguquko kunye nokunye malunga nesiphumo esongezelekayo sezinto ezingcono, uyilo olukrelekrele, ukwenziwa okuchanekileyo, kwaye-ngokubaluleke kakhulu-ingcaciso enolwazi ngakumbi. Injongo ayilotywina eligqibeleleyo, kodwa linokuthenjwa kakhulu ngexesha elide, kunye neyona ndawo incinci inokwenzeka. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, oko kuthetha ukuba inxalenye esemgangathweni eyenziwe kakuhle ukusuka kwisiseko soshishino esisebenzayo, esichazwe ngokuchanekileyo, sesona sixhobo sizinzileyo kwibhokisi.