Amandla aphezulu amandongomane amnyama ahlala ixesha elide? 

Ukwenza ikhowudi 'Amandla aphezulu'-Ayisiyo nje ileyibhile

Kumgca wethu, 'amandla aphezulu' ngokuqhelekileyo abhekisela kwiiklasi zepropathi ezifana ne-8, i-10, okanye i-12. Ngamantongomane, ukufanisa amandla e-bolt kubalulekile ukuphepha ukuhluthwa kwentambo-inqaku lokungaphumeleli kweklasiki. Sithetha malunga nokucinywa kunye nobushushu obuphakathi kwe-carbon steel, okanye i-alloy steel kumabakala aphezulu. Ukuqina phantsi komthwalo kuxhomekeke koku. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yomatshini onzima apho umxhasi wayenyanzelisa ukuba kusetyenziswe amandongomane eBanga lesi-5 agqitywe ngomnyama aneebholiti zeBanga lesi-8, ecinga ukuba umbala uhambelana nobuhle. Kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa, saba neengxelo zokungaqhawuki konxibelelwano. Amandongomane aye arhola. ‘Omnyama’ wayelungile; amandla ezinto eziphathekayo ayengafani. Oko kukusilela kokuqina okumiliselwe kwiinkcukacha, hayi ukugquma.

Indawo yokuvelisa eYongnian, eHebei, kulapho ubona esi sikali sisebenza. Umthengisi onje I-Sunnian Zitai Festener Fishaner Comment Com., esebenza ukusuka kweso siseko esikhulu semveliso, ineziseko zokulawula i-metallurgy kunye nobushushu bonyango ngobuninzi. Indawo yabo kufuphi neendlela ezinkulu zokuthutha ayikho nje indawo yokuthengisa; lithetha unikezelo lwemathiriyeli ekrwada engaguqukiyo kunye nolungiselelo lweetoni ezinzima ezibandakanya imveliso yokuqinisa amandla aphezulu. Xa ujongana nomgangatho ophezulu wokwenyani, ii-odolo zebakala lemizi-mveliso, ukuzinza kolungiselelo ngokungangqalanga kuchaphazela ukungaguquguquki komgangatho-isitshixo, esihlala singanakwa, into ehlala ihleli.

Ke, uyigweba njani? Izatifikethi kunye neengxelo zovavanyo. Umenzi onokwethenjelwa kufuneka anike ii-certs eziphathekayo kunye nobungqina beempawu zemishini. Ukuqina, amandla okuqina, umthwalo oqinisekisiweyo-la manani abalisa ibali lokuhlala ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba i-nut ibone i-wrench. Ukugqiba okumnyama kuphantse kube yingcamango yamva kwilebhu yovavanyo, kodwa yinto yokuqala ayibonayo umntu othengayo.

Ukugqibezela okuMnyama-Umsebenzi oNgapha koMbala

Makhe sithethe ‘ngomnyama’ ngokwawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo yingubo yokuguqula, kungekhona i-plating. Ayongezi ubukhulu obufana ne-zinc plating, ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukunyamezela okuchanekileyo kwintambo kwiindongomane eziphezulu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuxhathisa umhlwa, kodwa unobulali. Inika umqobo ofanelekileyo ngokuchasene ne-oxidation kwi-atmospheres eqhelekileyo kwaye inika isiseko esihle sokubamba i-oyile okanye i-wax. Sihlala sisithi nkxu amandongomane amnyama kwi-oyile ekhaphukhaphu, ethi inyuse ngokubonakalayo ukhuseleko lwazo lwexeshana elifutshane kwaye inike olu phawu ukukhazimla okuncinci.

Nangona kunjalo, ndibe nesabelo sam sokungaqondani kunye nabathengi abalindele ukuba oku kugqitywe kusebenze njengokutshisa kwe-galvanizing. Ayinakwenzeka. Kwi-high-humidity okanye i-chemical environment, i-oxide emnyama iyodwa iya kubonisa umhlwa obomvu ngokukhawuleza. Ukomelela kwayo kwiisethingi ezonakalisayo kulinganiselwe. Oku sakufunda kabuhlungu sikwiqela elalithunyelwe kwindawo yokugcina impahla kufuphi nonxweme. Amandongomane ayekhangeleka emhle ekuhanjisweni kodwa abonakala enamachaphaza kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa. Ukulungiswa kwakungekho 'ngcono' ukugqiba abamnyama; ibitshintshela kwingcaciso eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo yaloo ndawo.

I-advanteji yomphetho omnyama wokuqina yinto engathanga ngqo. Inoxhathiso olugqwesileyo lwe-abrasion xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iingubo ezicandiweyo. Ingubo idityaniswe kumphezulu, ngoko ayifuni ngokulula ngexesha lofakelo okanye phantsi kwe-vibration. Oku kunceda ukugcina umqobo wokutya obonelela ngawo. Kwizicelo apho indibano inokubona ukuphatha okuninzi okanye ukukhuhla okuncinci, oko kuyinzuzo ebonakalayo.

Ukuqina kweHlabathi lokwenyani-Ukungcangcazela, ubushushu, kunye nokudinwa

Ukuhlala ixesha elide akuthethi nje ukurusa. Kwi-nut enamandla kakhulu, ukukwazi kwayo ukuhlala phantsi kwemithwalo eguquguqukayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Apha kulapho iimpawu zoyilo ezifana netorque ekhoyo (njengakwinayiloni yokufaka ii-locknuts) okanye iipateni zemisonto ezigogekileyo zingena khona, zihlala zisetyenziswa emva kwenkqubo yokufaka i-oxidizing emnyama. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwesici sokukhiya kunye nokugqiba okumnyama kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ubukhulu bokugquma, nangona buncinci, bunokuchaphazela ukuhambelana kwetorque. Yinkcukacha encinci yokulawula inkqubo eyahlula ibhetshi elungileyo ukusuka kwenkulu.

Ubushushu ngomnye umbulali ongathethiyo. I-standard quenched and tempered high-power nuts inomda wokushisa ophezulu wenkonzo. Gqiba oko, kwaye umsindo uyatsalwa, amandla ayehla, kwaye ukuqina kuyehla. Ndikhumbula umbuzo wecandelo le-injini apho ubushushu bokusebenza busondele kumda weklasi yezinto. Kwafuneka sityhale umva kwaye sincome ibakala elahlukileyo, ngaphandle kokugxila kweendleko zokuqala zomthengi. Umgangatho ‘omnyama onamandla aphezulu’ wawungeyompendulo ilungileyo. Umphetho omnyama ngokwawo unokutshintsha umbala kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo, into yokuthambisa kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ibalulekileyo.

Ukungaphumeleli kokudinwa yeyona nto ifihlakeleyo. Kwenzeka kumanqanaba oxinzelelo kakuhle ngaphantsi kwamandla okuqina. Umgangatho wokuqengqeleka komsonto, ukungabikho kweziphene zomphezulu okanye i-micro-cracks ukusuka kwimveliso, kunye nokugudiswa kokugqiba konke kuchaphazela ubomi bokudinwa. Inkqubo ye-oxide emnyama ephezulu, eyona nto ingumhlwa olawulwayo, akufanele ingenise i-hydrogen embrittlement-ingozi kunye neenkqubo ezithile ze-electroplating. Oku kwenza i-nati ye-oxide emnyama eqhutywe ngokufanelekileyo ibe yinto ekhuselekileyo yokukhetha amandla aphezulu, izicelo zokudinwa okuphezulu ukusuka ekuhambeni.

Ukuchaza Ubomi Benkonzo Obubo

Ke, uluchaza njani ukuqina? Uqala ngokusingqongileyo. Ngaphakathi, umoya olawulwayo? I-oksidi emnyama esemgangathweni kwi-nati ye-Class 10 inokuba ngaphezu kokwaneleyo. Ngaphandle, kwimizi-mveliso, okanye ukufuma okuphezulu? Unokufuna loo oxide emnyama njengesiseko kodwa uchaze i-topcoat eyongezelelweyo ye-wax okanye idiphu yeoli enzima. Kwiimeko ezimandundu, ukugqiba okumnyama kunokuba ngumaleko wokuthambisa phantsi kwenkqubo yokwambathisa eyomeleleyo, nangona oko kuqhelekile kwiindongomane ngenxa yemicimbi yokunyamezela imisonto.

Kukwamalunga nentsebenziswano nomqambi. Udinga umthengisi owaziqondayo la mabala, hayi nje omnye othengisa imveliso yegeneric. Xa uphonononga amandla enkampani, njengaloo nto unokuyibona kwindawo efana nayo https //wwww.ziitasteners.com, Ndikhangele ubungqina bokulawulwa kwenkqubo-indlela abalawula ngayo amaqashiso okushisa ukushisa, umgangatho wabo uhlola ukunamathela kwi-coating kunye nokumelana nokubola (iiyure zokuvavanya ityuwa yetyuwa), kunye nokuzimisela kwabo ukubonelela ngedatha yezobugcisa. Umenzi ofakwe kwisiseko esikhulu semveliso efana neYongnian uhlala enenzuzo ekhethekileyo, amatyathanga obonelelo olunemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokugqiba kunye neemfuno zebakala.

Okokugqibela, ungaze ujonge ukufakela. Ukuqina kuyilwe ngaphakathi kodwa kunokufakwa ngaphandle. Ukugqithisa ngokugqithisileyo i-nut emnyama ephezulu-amandla inokuyolula, ibeke esichengeni amandla ayo okubamba kunye nomqobo wokuhlwa. Ukusebenzisa i-lubricant engalunganga kwimicu kunokunxibelelana ne-black oxide coating. Umfakeli kufuneka azi ukuba baphethe ntoni. Siye saqala ukubandakanya amanqaku okuphatha asisiseko ngokuthunyelwa ngobuninzi kuba igcina intloko ebuhlungu ezantsi.

Umgca osezantsi - Inkqubo eBalanced

Ekugqibeleni, ukuqina kwe-nut emnyama ephezulu yipropathi yenkqubo. Ngumtshato wezinto ezichanekileyo eziphambili kunye nezixhobo zomatshini ('amandla aphezulu'), unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nolusetyenziswa kakuhle ('omnyama'), kunye nokukhethwa okufanelekileyo kwendawo yokusebenza. Awukwazi ukuqhawula umtshato omnye komnye. Ukugqiba okumnyama okugqibeleleyo kwi-nut engaphantsi kwamandla kuyasilela. Indongomane yeBanga le-12 ephathwe ngobushushu ngokugqibeleleyo, enomgangatho ophantsi, isambatho esimnyama esibhatshileyo iya kuqalisa ukugqwala, kwaye loo mngxuma womhlwa ube sisigxina soxinzelelo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekudinweni okunokwenzeka.

Ingcebiso yam ihlala ivavanya kwisicelo sangempela ukuba kunokwenzeka. Odola ibhetshi yesampulu, uyibeke kumjikelo wenkonzo oyifanisiweyo, okanye novavanyo olukhawulezayo lokutya. Jonga ukuba isiphelo simi njani, jonga i-galling ngexesha lofakelo, kwaye uqinisekise ubudlelwane be-torque-tension. Olu vavanyo olusebenzayo lukuxelela ngaphezu kwalo naliphi na iphepha ledatha.

Ekugqibeleni, licandelo elibonakala lilula kodwa libambe amandla anzima. Ukufumana ukuqina kwayo kumalunga nokuhlonipha obo bunzima, ukujonga ngaphaya kombala womphezulu, kunye nokujolisa kulo lonke ikhonkco lezinto, ukuvelisa, ukucaciswa, kunye nokusetyenziswa. Kulapho kwakhiwa khona ngokwenene, ukusebenza okuthembekileyo.