Ngokweqiniso, lapho ngiqala ukuzwa igama lijikijelwa embukisweni wezohwebo eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ukusabela kwami ngokushesha kwaba ukungabaza. Enye i-buzzword yokuthengisa, ngacabanga. Izwe le-gasket ligcwele izimangalo mayelana nokuphila isikhathi eside kanye ne-eco-friendly ngokuvamile ezingabambeki ngaphansi kwengcindezi yangempela, ukuchayeka kwamakhemikhali, noma isimo sezulu esidala esivamile. Wonke umuntu ukhuluma ama-galvanized gaskets ngokumelana nokugqwala, kodwa ukushaya umbala onamathelayo ngaphezulu? Lokho kwakuhlale kuzwakala njengeqhinga lezimonyo, indlela yokukhokhisa okuningi ngengxenye engase yehluleke ngenxa yokuthi ama-chips okucwenga noma aphazamisa uphawu. Umcabango ojwayelekile wemboni - eyodwa engabelana ngayo - ukuthi ubuthola uphawu olusebenzayo noma oluhle. Umbono wokuthi ungqimba lombala ngokwalo lungaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni nasekusimameni kwabonakala njengokwelula.

Umbono Oyiphutha Oyinhloko: Umbala Njengesiphetho Nje

Yilapho okuhlangenwe nakho okungokoqobo kungena khona. Iphutha ukubuka umbala ocwebezelayo njengesendlalelo esingenzi lutho, sokuhlobisa. Ekufakweni kwe-zinc okujwayelekile, uthola ukuvikelwa kokugqwala komhlatshelo, impela. Kodwa umbala, ngokuvamile ozuzwa ngezingubo zokuguqulwa kwe-chromate (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi, omnyama, njll.), akuwona nje owokuhlonza izingxenye noma imishini efanayo. Lolo ungqimba oluncane lwechromate empeleni luthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-zinc engaphansi. Kuyi-sealant yongqimba olunothayela. Ngakho, a i-gasket efakwe umbala enemibala alivuniwe + upende. Iwuhlelo lokwelapha oluphelele ngaphezulu. I-engeli yokusimama iqala lapha: uma le nhlanganisela inweba impilo yesevisi ngokuphawulekayo ezindaweni ezinolaka olulinganiselwe (cabanga ngezinkundla zasogwini ezinesifutho sikasawoti noma umkhathi wezitshalo zamakhemikhali), wehlisa imvamisa yokushintshanisa, isikhathi sokuphumula, kanye nemfucumfucu yezinto ezibonakalayo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwempahla.

Kodwa nakhu okubanjwayo komhlaba wangempela, lokho okufunda kuphela ngokucacisa lokhu kumaphrojekthi noma ukubhekana nokwehluleka. Akuwona wonke umbala we-plating olinganayo. Ukuqina kanye nekhwalithi yongqimba lwezinc kuyisisekelo. Ngike ngabona ama-gaskets lapho umbala wawugqamile kodwa i-zinc substrate yayincane kakhulu, okuholela ekugqwaleni okubomvu kopha ngemuva kwesizini. Iphuzu lokuhluleka kwakungeyona into ye-gasket ngokwayo, kodwa umgoqo wokugqwala osengozini. Isithembiso esimeme siyawa uma umkhiqizo ungalethi isimangalo sawo sokuqina. Kukuphoqa ukuthi ubheke ngale kweshidi elicacisiwe bese ubuza mayelana nokulawulwa kwenqubo. Umphakeli onjengaye I-Handan Zitai Fetesser Comment Co, Ltd., esekelwe kuhabhu elikhulu le-fastener yase-China e-Yongnian, e-Hebei, ngokuvamile inenzuzo yokukhiqiza okuhlanganisiwe. Ukulawula izigaba zokuvundisa nokucwenga endlini, esikhundleni sokukhipha imali, kungasho ukungaguquguquki okungcono - into ebalulekile kodwa evame ukushaywe indiva ekusebenzeni kwangempela komjikelezo wempilo.

Bese kuba khona i-chemistry yechromate ngokwayo. Imboni iyahamba, yize ihamba kancane, ikude ne-hexavalent chromium (eyakudala, esebenza kahle kakhulu kodwa enobuthi nesiphetho se-iridescent yegolide elawulwayo) iya kuma-chromates angama-trivalent. Lezi zinqubo zombala ezintsha azinayo ingozi encane. Lapho umkhiqizi etshala imali emigqeni ye-chromate engu-trivalent, leso yisinyathelo esibambekayo esiya enqubweni yokukhiqiza esimeme kakhudlwana, enciphisa izingozi zemvelo nezempilo yabasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ukuqamba okusha akukhona njalo emkhiqizweni owubambe ngesandla sakho, kodwa kuzinqubo ezibuyela emuva endaweni yefekthri. Lapho uhlola, kufanelekile ukubuza ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-chromate olusetshenziswayo. Impendulo ikutshela okuningi mayelana nokuthi izinto eziza kuqala zenkampani zikuphi.

Case in Point: I-Valve Bank Retrofit

Ake ngikunike isibonelo esiphathekayo esivela embonini yokuhlanza amanzi esiphinde sabonisana nayo isikhashana emuva. Babenezinkinga eziphindaphindayo ngama-gaskets agcwele i-zinc kuma-valve amaningi angaphandle. Ukugqwala bekubangela ukubanjwa nokuvuza, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamanzi kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-18. Siphakamise ukuqulwa kwecala ngenqwaba ye ama-gaskets afakwe umbala usebenzisa ukuphela kwe-chromate ye-trivalent eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umbala ucelwe ithimba labalungisayo ukuze ubonakale kalula uma kuqhathaniswa nezingxenye ezindala ze-zinc esiliva.

Eminyakeni emithathu kuqhubeke, lawo ma-multifolds asasebenza ngaphandle kokwehluleka okuhlobene nokukodwa okuhlobene ne-gasket. Izindleko mhlawumbe zaziphakeme ngo-15-20% ngeyunithi ngayinye ekuqaleni. Kodwa uma ucabangela izindleko zabasebenzi zeqembu labantu ababili elichitha usuku ukuze lishintshe ibhange lama-gaskets, kanye nezindleko zokunciphisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza noma ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi, umnotho ushintsha kakhulu. Ukuphumelela kokusimama bekukabili: ukwehla okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwengxenye esele kanye nokuhambisana nokukhiqiza/izinyawo zezokuthutha, kanye nokuvimbela ukuvuza kokungcola okungaba khona okuvela ezimpawini ezihlulekile. Lolu uhlobo lokusimama okungokoqobo okubalulekile - ukusebenza kahle kanye nokunciphisa udoti okuqhutshwa ingxenye ehlala isikhathi eside.

Isifundo kwakungekona ukuthi umbala-plated kuyimpendulo njalo. Ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma umsebenzi wamakhemikhali owedlulele, usazobheka ku-stainless noma i-PTFE. Kodwa ngohlelo olukhulu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni ebangeni elibi kakhulu, le nhlanganisela ishaya ngaphezu kwesisindo sayo. Kushintshe umbono wami kusukela ekuwuboneni njengobuciko ukuya ekuwuboneni njengethuluzi elisemthethweni lokwelula izikhawu zokunakekela.

I-Manufacturing and Supply Chain Reality

Ukujula ngokujulile, umbuzo wokusimama awugcini nje ngomkhiqizo osetshenziswayo. Kumayelana nokuthi yenziwa futhi inyakaze kanjani. Yilapho i-geography ne-logistics iqala ukusebenza khona. Inkampani esendaweni egxilile yokukhiqiza, efana ne-Handan Zitai eseYongnian futhi ifinyelela ngqo kuzixhumanisi zesitimela ezinkulu nemigwaqo (i-Beijing-Guangzhou Railway kanye no-National Highway 107 zikhona lapho), inenzuzo ecashile. Ukuhlelwa ngendlela efanele kusho ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ephansi ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye lapho izinto zokusetshenziswa zingena futhi izimpahla eziqediwe ziphuma. Kumthengi womhlaba wonke, ukuhlanganisa i-oda lokuthi ama-galvanized gaskets nezinye izinto zokubopha ezivela emthonjeni owodwa, oxhumeke kahle zinganciphisa izindleko eziphelele zemvelo zokuthenga. Kuyisici esihlelekile esingavamile ukushiwo ezincwajaneni zomkhiqizo kodwa sibalulekile esibalweni sengqikithi yezinyawo.

Phansi kwefekthri, umthelela wemvelo uncike ekuphathweni kukadoti. I-Zinc Plating kanye ne-chromating ikhiqiza amanzi angcolile. Abakhiqizi abahamba phambili ezifundeni ezinjenge-Yongnian manje bangaphansi kwemithetho eqinile yezemvelo, okuphoqa ukutshalwa kwezimali kumasistimu okwelapha avaliwe noma athuthukile. Uma uzuza kumkhiqizi onedumela elihle, usekela ngokungaqondile ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe okulawulwayo, okuhlanzekile. Kuwuhlobo lokusimama kwe-supply chain. Okunye - ukuthenga inketho eshibhe kakhulu esitolo esingalawulwa - kungase konge amasenti ngesiqephu ngasinye kodwa kukhiphe izindleko zemvelo ngendlela enzima. Lolu ucingo lokwahlulela lochwepheshe okufanele silwenze njalo: intengo ephansi uma iqhathaniswa nezindleko zangempela eziphansi kakhulu.

Lapho Ukuqamba Okusha KuseMfushane

Nokho, singathatheki. Ukuyibiza ngokuthi ukuqamba okusha okusimeme kudinga iziqu ezinzima. Le nqubo isadla amandla amaningi (amabhavu okushisa okushisa) futhi isebenzisa amakhemikhali. Ukuqamba okusha kweqiniso kuzoba ukunamathela okungenabo ubuthi, okunamandla amancane afana noma adlula ukusebenza kwe-zinc + trivalent chromate. Asikho lapho okwamanje. Okunye okokugcotshwa kwe-polymer okusekelwe ku-bio noma okuthuthukisiwe kubonisa isithembiso kumalebhu kodwa akunawo amashumi eminyaka okuthembeka okufakazelwa yinkundla okufunwa yimboni yezimpawu ezibalulekile.

Enye i-hiccup esebenzayo i-galvanic corrosion. Ukumatanisa a i-gasket efakwe umbala enemibala ngensimbi engasebenzi kancane (njengensimbi engagqwali) endaweni emanzi ingasheshisa ukugqwala kwe-zinc. Kufanele ukunake ukumataniswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngibone i-gasket efakwe kahle ihluleka ngokushesha ngoba ifakwe phakathi kwama-flange amabili angenasici emgodini oswakeme njalo. I-gasket yazidela kahle, kodwa lokho akuwona umphumela oqhubekayo. I-takeway? Akukho mpahla okuyisixazululo samazwe ngamazwe. Ukuyichaza kahle kuyingxenye yempi.

Isiphetho: Isinyathelo Se-Pragmatic, Hhayi I-Panacea

Ngakho, buyela embuzweni wokuqala. Ingabe ama-gaskets afakwe umbala ayindlela entsha eqhubekayo? Ngokombono ongokoqobo, wokuzibekela phansi, ngingasho ukuthi zimelela inguquko ye-pragmatic maqondana nezinqubo zokulungisa ezisimeme. Ababona ubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza obuguqukayo. Umnikelo wabo wokusimama utholwa ngokunwetshwa kwempilo okuboniswayo, ukushintshela komkhakha kuma-chromates angama-trivalent aphephile, kanye nempumelelo yokusebenza abawanika amandla lapho esetshenziswa ngendlela efanele.

Okubalulekile wukubona njengohlelo: isisekelo se-zinc esisezingeni, isendlalelo sesimanje se-chromate, nezilawuli eziqinile zokukhiqiza. Abahlinzeki abakuqondayo lokhu, njengalabo abanezinsiza ezididiyelwe ezindaweni zokukhiqiza, yibona abafeza isithembiso. Kuyithuluzi. Futhi njenganoma yiliphi ithuluzi, ukubaluleka kwalo - kanye nesilinganiso salo sokusimama - kunqunywa ulwazi nenjongo yomuntu olisebenzisayo. Ziba i-hype, gxila emininingwaneni yohlelo lokusebenza, futhi zingaba ingxenye encane kodwa enengqondo yokwakha ingqalasizinda yezimboni ehlala isikhathi eside, engamoshi kangako. Yilokho okusha kwangempela: ukushintsha indlela esicabanga ngayo ngendima yengxenye ethobekile esithombeni esikhulu.