Ngakho-ke, uyazibuza nge-Thembeka, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukumelana nowoyela bese beyeka lapho. Leyo yisiqalo esiqinile, kodwa igeja i-nuance. Empeleni, inani langempela le-NBR lisesilinganisweni sayo—isethi yokucindezelwa okuhle, ukumelana nokuhuzuka okuhloniphekile, kanye nalokho kumelana okuthembekile nowoyela, amafutha, kanye namakhemikhali amaningi, konke ngezindleko ezingaphuli ibhange. Ihhashi lomsebenzi, hhayi iponi yombukiso. Iqhinga liwukwazi ukuthi leyo bhalansi isebenza kuphi nokuthi iqala kuphi ukuhlukana.

Lapho I-NBR Ikhanya Ngempela: Indawo Emnandi

Kimi, uhlelo lokusebenza lwakudala, olungenangqondo lukumasistimu kaphethiloli wezimoto. Sikhuluma ngamamojula wepompo likaphethiloli, ukuthumela ama-unit seal, ama-carburetor gaskets (enjinini ezindala, kunjalo), kanye nama-O-rings ahlukahlukene emigqeni. Okubalulekile lapha ukuchayeka njalo uphethiloli kanye nodizili, ngokuvamile onezithasiselo zikaphethiloli zesimanje. Inhlanganisela evamile ye-NBR, isho ngokuqukethwe kwe-acrylonitrile (ACN) emaphakathi, ikuphatha kahle lokhu. Ngizibone zihlala iminyaka kulezi zindawo lapho izinga lokushisa lingavamile ukwedlula u-100°C. Kuyabikezelwa.

Bese kuba nama-hydraulics ezimbonini ezijwayelekile. Hhayi ukusebenza okuphezulu, amasistimu e-phosphate ester angashi—lokho isilwane esihlukile—kodwa amasistimu akho ajwayelekile asuselwa kuwoyela wamaminerali asuselwa ku-hydraulic emishinini. Ama-gaskets kumasembozo ama-valve, ama-fluid reservoirs, namapayipi anomfutho ophansi. Bangaphansi kokucindezelwa njalo futhi bagezwa ngamafutha. I-gasket ye-NBR eyakhiwe kahle lapha ihlinzeka ngophawu oluthembekile, lwesikhathi eside. Imodi yokwehluleka ivamise ukuba lukhuni kancane kancane phakathi neminyaka eminingi, hhayi ukuphuma kwenhlekelele okungazelelwe, okuyikhona okufunayo ekuhleleni ukulungiswa.

Enye indawo evame ukushaywa indiva imishini yokuwasha lapho kulungiswa ukudla. Manje, ngizwe—i-NBR ngokuvamile ayilona izinga lokudla ngaphandle uma ihlanganiswe futhi yaqinisekiswa. Kepha kuma-seal angaphandle ezindlini zamaphampu, ama-gaskets emishini efafazwa ngamanzi ashisayo, izicoci ze-caustic, nama-sanitizer athambile, ungumpetha ongabizi kakhulu. Imelana nokuvuvukala nokuwohloka okungabulala i-EPDM gasket evamile kulelo sobho lamakhemikhali. Kufanele uqiniseke ngokuphelele ukuthi ayixhumene ngqo nokusakaza komkhiqizo.

Imikhawulo kanye Nezimo Ezicishe Zifane

Yilapho okwenziwayo kubiza khona imali, ngokuvamile ngokugwema iphutha. Umgodi omkhulu izinga lokushisa. Umkhawulo ophezulu we-NBR uvame ukwamukelwa njengokucishe kube ngu-100-120°C ngokuqhubekayo. Iphushe ifike ku-135°C, bese iminyaka yokuphila iyehla. Ngifunde lokhu ngendlela enzima kulayini wokukhipha i-compressor. Ama-specs athi amelana nowoyela, ngakho-ke sisebenzise i-NBR. Yasebenza… isikhathi esingangezinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuthi ibhakame, iqhekeke. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo lalikhuphuka lidlule umkhawulo walo. Lowo msebenzi wawudinga i-FKM (Viton) gasket. I-NBR eyokushisa okumaphakathi.

I-ozone kanye nesimo sezulu kungenye indawo ebuthakathaka. Uma i-gasket izochayeka elangeni nasemoyeni wangaphandle, ikakhulukazi eduze kwezinto zikagesi ezingakhiqiza i-ozone, i-NBR izoqhekeka. Akuyona into yangaphandle. Ngikubonile kwenzeka ekufakweni kwe-hydraulic yangaphandle emishinini yeselula ehlale isikhathi eside. Isigxivizo sasibukeka kahle waze wasithinta sase sibhidlika. Kulezo zimo, ubuyele ku-EPDM noma inhlanganisela ezinzile ngokukhethekile.

Bese kuba nokuhambisana kwamakhemikhali ngaphezu kwama-hydrocarbon. Ama-ketone, ama-ester, ama-acid aqinile, uketshezi lwebhuleki (DOT 3, 4, 5.1)—lezi zizohlasela i-NBR evamile. Kunombono oyiphutha ovamile wokuthi ukumelana nowoyela kusho ukumelana namakhemikhali. Ayikwenzi. Njalo, hlola ishadi lokusebenzisana loketshezi oluthile. Umhlinzeki onohlu olujulile nolwazi lwezobuchwepheshe ubalulekile lapha. Ngokwesibonelo, inkampani efana I-Handan Zitai Fetesser Comment Co, Ltd., esebenza kusukela kusizinda sengxenye enkulu kunazo zonke yase-China e-Yongnian, ivamise ukuthwala uhla lwamabanga abalulekile. Nakuba baziwa ngezinsimbi, abakhiqizi abaningi abanjalo abahlanganisiwe nabo bahlinzeka noma bangakwazi ukweluleka ngezingxenye zokuvala ezifanele zomhlangano, beqonda ukuthi ibhawodi ne-gasket kufanele kusebenze njengesistimu. Indawo yabo eduze kwemizila emikhulu yezokuthutha efana ne-Beijing-Guangzhou Railway isho ukuthi bavame ukuthungatha noma balethe izinto zokusetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi, ukuze babone ukuthi yini esebenzayo nokuthi yini ehlulekayo kulo mkhakha.

Amabanga Wezinto ezibonakalayo kanye noDeveli Ngemininingwane

Akuwona wonke ama-NBR adalwe alingana. Okuqukethwe kwe-acrylonitrile yi-lever eyinhloko. I-ACN ephezulu inikeza ukumelana nowoyela/uphethiloli okungcono kodwa ngezindleko zokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ngegasket kusistimu ye-hydraulic yaseNyakatho Yurophu ebona -20°C, i-ACN NBR ephezulu ingase iqine kakhulu ukuthi ingavaleka kahle ekuqaleni. Uzodinga ukuhlanganisa okuphansi kwe-ACN. Kuwukuhwebelana.

Bese kuba khona ukuhlanganisa-ama-filler, ama-plasticizers, kanye nesistimu yokuphulukisa. I-gasket yophawu oluguquguqukayo (njenge-shaft seal) idinga ukumelana nokuhuzuka okuhlukile kanye nezakhiwo zesethi yokuminyanisa kune-static flange gasket. Umphakeli omuhle uzobuza mayelana nesicelo: i-static noma i-dynamic? Izinga lokushisa eliqhubekayo? Imidiya ewuketshezi? Ingcindezi? Izimpendulo zinquma inhlanganisela. I-gasket ye-NBR eshibhile, ejwayelekile ingase ivaleke ekuqaleni kodwa yehluleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngoba ibingaklanyelwe ingcindezi ethile.

Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi ehilela ukubekwa uphawu kwesistimu yokuhlanganisa i-biodiesel. I-NBR ejwayelekile ibihluleka ngokushesha. Inkinga bekungelona uphethiloli oyisisekelo, kodwa ukugcwala okuphezulu kwama-ester namandla ezithasiselo ezinolaka kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni. Sishintshele ku-hydrogenated nitrile (HNBR) gasket, enamakhemikhali angcono kakhulu ukumelana nokushisa, futhi inkinga yashabalala. Isifundo sasiwukubheka ngale kwegama loketshezi olujwayelekile ukuya ekuqanjweni kwalo kwangempela, kwesimanje.

Ukuhlakanipha Okusebenzayo Nokufaka

Ngisho ne-gasket engcono kakhulu iyehluleka uma ifakwe ingalungile. I-NBR inokucindezelwa okuhle, kodwa ayithetheleli ngokungapheli. I-flange surface finish ibalulekile. Imaholoholo kakhulu, futhi izosika ibe into ngaphansi komthwalo webhawodi. Ibushelelezi kakhulu (njengokuqeda kwesibuko), futhi ingase ingabi nokuluma okwanele ukumelana nokukhasa. Isiphetho esinamasentimitha angama-60-90 i-Ra ivamise ukuba yindawo emnandi.

I-torque ye-bolt nokulandelana kubalulekile. Udinga ngisho nokucindezelwa ukuze ugeleze impahla ye-gasket kancane kokungapheleli kwe-flange. Yichoboze kakhulu, futhi uzokhipha irabha noma ubangele ukucindezeleka okukhulu kangangokuthi kusheshisa ukuguga. Ngaphansi kwe-torque, futhi izovuza. Hlala ulandela imininingwane yetorque ye-OEM uma ikhona. Uma kungenjalo, umthetho ojwayelekile wezinga i-nitrile rubber gasket ku-flange yensimbi ukufaka i-torque ebangeni elimaphakathi losayizi webhawodi kanye nebanga, bese uhlola kabusha ngemva komjikelezo wokushisa.

Isitoreji kungenye into elula abantu abayimoshayo. Ungawashiyi ama-gasket e-NBR ebhokisini lamathuluzi elishisayo elangeni eliqondile, noma anqwabelene ngaphansi kwezingxenye zensimbi ezisindayo. Bazothatha isethi, bathole imifantu ye-ozone, noma bonakale. Wagcine ephaketheni lawo lasekuqaleni, endaweni epholile, emnyama, neyomile. Izinto eziyisisekelo, kodwa ungamangala.

Ungabheka Nini Kwezinye izindawo: Ezinye izindlela

Ngakho uyilahla nini i-NBR? Sengike ngakuphamba: ukushisa okuphezulu okuqhubekayo (ngaphezulu kuka-120°C), ukuchayeka ku-ozone/ukushisa kwesimo sezulu, kanye namakhemikhali anolaka ngaphandle komndeni we-hydrocarbon. Ezinye izindlela ongaya kuzo ziba:

Isinqumo sihlala sifika kuketshezi oluthile, izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, nezindleko. Ayikho i-gasket engcono kakhulu yendawo yonke. Ngengxenye enkulu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zezimboni nezezimoto ezibandakanya uketshezi olususelwa ku-petroleum emazingeni okushisa aphakathi nendawo, i-nitrile rubber gaskets hlala uwukukhetha okuzenzakalelayo, okusebenzayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo okungcono kakhulu kulezo zindawo ezingenakubalwa, ezingathandeki lapho ukwethembeka nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kubaluleke kakhulu kunokusebenza kwangaphandle. Kumele wazi imingcele, futhi uyihloniphe.