Uma uzwa i-flange efakwe uthayela, abantu abaningi ngokushesha bacabanga ukuvikela ukugqwala, mhlawumbe izindleko. I-engeli yezemvelo? Ngokuvamile ukucabanga ngemva kwalokho, noma okubi nakakhulu, ukungaqondwa kahle. Ngike ngabona izitolo ziphatha amathangi okugeza e-electroplating njengomunye umugqa wamanzi, futhi yilapho indaba yangempela-kanye nezinkinga zangempela-ziqala khona. Akukhona nje nge-zinc.

Inkinga Eyinhloko Akuyona Nje Insimbi

Masicacise: umthwalo oyinhloko wemvelo ovela kuma-electroplating galvanized flanges ngokuvamile awukona ukunamathela kwe-zinc ngokwayo. I-Zinc ayilungile uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinsimbi zokucwenga njenge-cadmium noma i-hexavalent chromium. Umthelela usaqhubeka. Izigaba zangaphambi kokwelashwa—ukukha i-asidi ukuze kukhishwe ukugqwala, ukuhlanzwa kwe-alkaline ukuze kukhishwe amafutha—kudala igagasi lokuqala lemfucuza. Ubhekene namabhavu e-asidi asetshenzisiwe asindayo ane-iron chloride nama-sulfate, namabhavu e-alkali agcwele amafutha kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo. Uma lokho kuhamba kungelashwa, ubheka ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwe-pH kanye nokuncipha komoyampilo emizimbeni yamanzi. Ngikhumbula isitolo esincane semisebenzi eduze nepaki yezimboni sihlawuliswa i-zinc, kodwa imitha ye-pH ifunda amashadi ethangini labo lokulahla.

Bese kulandela ukugeza okucwebezelayo. Nakuba i-alkaline non-cyanide zinc plating manje isijwayelekile (amabhati e-cyanide ayiphupho elibi lesikhathi esidlule, ngokubonga), ukugeza kusawohloka. Ama-brighteners, ama-complexing agents, nama-ejenti wokumanzisa ayabhidlika, akhe ama-organic compounds adinga ukwelashwa. I-drag-out-leyo filimu ezacile yesisombululo ebambelele ku-flange lapho ikhishwa-iyicala elithule. Iyaconsa, ingcolise ukugeleza phansi. Sasivame ukucabanga ukuthi i-drip tray yayanele kuze kube yilapho uhlolo-mabhuku lwenkampani yangaphandle lubonisa ukungcoliswa okuphambene nesipholile esivela endaweni yomshini. Bekuyisiphithiphithi.

Ukulandelana kokuhlanza kubalulekile. Ukuhlanza okuphikisayo konga amanzi, kodwa uma izinga lokugeleza lingalinganiswa kahle, ususa ukungcola usuka kwelinye ithangi uye kwelinye. Iphutha elikhulu engilibonile? Ukuthatha amanzi ahlanzekile okugeza kusho amanzi ahlanzekile. Izinto eziqinile ezincibilikisiwe nezinsimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi azibonakali. Ngihlole amanzi okuhlanza acacile asabambe i-20-30 ppm ye-zinc, ngaphezu kwemikhawulo yokukhipha. Lolo uhlobo lwemininingwane oyibamba kuphela ngokuhlaziya okuvamile, okufanele, hhayi ukuhlola okubonakalayo.

Imifudlana yokulahlwa kanye nezindleko ezifihliwe

Udaka. Lowo ngumkhiqizo wokugcina ongenakugwenywa. Uma unciphisa amanzi angcolile, i-zinc encibilikisiwe igxuma njenge-hydroxide sludge. Ihlukaniswa njengemfucuza eyingozi ezifundeni eziningi ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo kwensimbi namandla okuleaching. Izindleko azikho nje esizukulwaneni sayo; kusekuphatheni, kumaphepha (ukulandelela okubonakalayo), kanye nezimali zokulahla. I-Mid-sized operation plating flanges ukuze isetshenziswe ngokwesakhiwo ingakhiqiza amathani amaningana aloludaka ngonyaka. Izindleko zokulahla phansi zinyukile. Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi lapho izindleko zokulahla udaka zaqala ukumelana nezindleko zezinto ezingavuthiwe zama-anode e-zinc. Lokho kwakuwukuphaphama ukubheka ukululama.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kungomunye umthelela ofihliwe. I-Electroplating yomile. Ngomugqa we-rack ojwayelekile, ukugeleza kwamanzi okugeza kungaba mkhulu. Ezindaweni ezinokuntuleka kwamanzi noma amanani aphezulu, lokhu kuba yizindleko eziqondile zokusebenza kanye nenkinga yokusimama. Sisebenze nesikhungo, akufani nalokho ongakuthola esizindeni esikhulu sokukhiqiza esinjalo I-Handan Zitai Fetesser Comment Co, Ltd. eYongnian, lapho iziphathimandla zendawo zaqala khona ukuqinisa izimvume zokukha amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Kwadingeka batshale imali ohlelweni lokuhlanzwa kwe-loop oluvaliwe olunokushintshaniswa kwe-ion, olwalune-capex ephezulu kodwa lwanciphisa izimonyo zabo zamanzi ngaphezu kuka-70%. Yakhokha ngaphansi kweminyaka emibili.

Amandla yiyona nto okungaxoxwa ngayo kangako. Ukushisisa amathangi, izinto zokulungisa kabusha amandla e-DC, umoya wokulawula inkungu—konke kuyahlanganisa. I-carbon footprint ixhumene nengxube yamandla yegridi yendawo. Esifundeni esixhaswe kakhulu ngamalahle, umthelela wemvelo ongaqondile wokumbathisa isiqukathi sama-flange ungaba mkhulu. Kuyigebe lokucabanga lomjikelezo wempilo: sigxila kukhemistri yokugeza kodwa ngokuvamile sikuziba ukukhishwa kwesikhungo samandla ngemuva kukagesi ogijima umugqa.

Amaqiniso Ekusayithi kanye Nokwehluleka Okungokoqobo

Ngokombono, izinhlelo zokwelapha ziyimpendulo. Empeleni, ngokuvamile azinakekelwa noma aziqondwa kahle. Umbono ovamile ezitshalweni ezindala: opharetha wokuhlanza amanzi angcolile futhi ungumshayeli we-forklift. Balahla izilungisi ze-pH ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwe-strip okusheshayo, okuholela ekushintsheni okungalawuleki okuphazamisa inqubo yemvula. Umphumela? I-Zinc ishelela kusichazi, noma idale udaka olungeke luhlunge kahle. Ngibone umshini wokuhlunga uvalwe nge-gelatinous mess ngoba i-pH yayingalungile ngesikhathi semvula, ibopha yonke inqubo yokubamba imfucuza izinsuku.

Bese kuba nesilingo sokusika amakhona. Ukuhwamuka emathangeni avulekile ukunciphisa umthamo wamanzi angcolile kuzwakala njengombono oshibhile. Kunjalo, kuze kube yilapho uqaphela ukuthi igxilisa nje ukungcola futhi ikhiphe yonke into eguquguqukayo emoyeni eduze kwesitolo. Akusona isixazululo esihle. Omunye umzamo ohlulekile engiwubonile uhilelekile usebenzisa i-polymer yomlingo ukuhlanganisa yonke into. Isebenze kahle kakhulu, ivale amanzi amaningi kangangokuthi umthamo we-sludge ukhuphuke ngo-40%, wehlula inhloso. Akukho ukulungiswa kwendawo yonke; idinga ukuvumelanisa nekhemistri yokugeza ethize kanye nokusethwa kokugeza.

Ukuthola izinto ezibonakalayo kwengeza esinye isendlalelo. Ivelaphi i-anode ye-zinc? Ingabe isuka ekuncibilikisweni kokuqala noma igaywe kabusha? Imayini kanye nokuncibilika kwe-zinc emsulwa inkulu kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa ama-anode esibili, agaywe kabusha e-zinc angehlisa kakhulu umthwalo wemvelo okhuphuka nomfula. Kuyisinqumo sokuthengwa kwempahla izitolo eziningi zokufaka amapulangwe ezingalawuli, kodwa abakhiqizi abakhulu abathola izingxenye ezigcwele, njengenkampani yokubopha ephethe uchungechunge lwayo lokunikezela, bangakwazi futhi kufanele bacabangele. Iwebhusayithi ye Ama-zitai fasteners (https://www.zitaifasteners.com) igqamisa indawo yabo engxenyeni yesisekelo esikhulu kunazo zonke saseShayina; abakhiqizi abakhulu abanjalo banamandla okudinga okokufaka okuhlanzekile kubathengisi babo bokuplating, bephusha lonke iketango emikhubeni engcono.

Imithethonqubo kanye ne-Moving Target

Ukuthobela akumile. E-EU, REACH kanye neziqondiso ze-ELV zihlala zicindezela ukwakheka, ziqondise izikhanyisi ezithile noma izithasiselo. E-US, imikhawulo yendawo (i-Public Owned Treatment Works) ingase ibe lukhuni kunemihlahlandlela ye-EPA yenhlangano. Ngibe neklayenti ebelithobela iminyaka, umthetho omusha wasendaweni wehlisa umkhawulo we-zinc ovumelekile ngesigamu. Kwadingeka babuyisele yonke indawo yabo yokwelapha. I-takeway? Awukwazi nje ukufaka isistimu bese ukhohlwa. Udinga ukuqapha izitayela zokulawula. Umthelela wemvelo umayelana nobungozi bezomthetho njengoba umayelana nemvelo.

Ukubika nokwenza izinto obala kuba yingxenye yomthelela. Ababambiqhaza, kusukela kumakhasimende kuya emiphakathini, bafuna ukwazi. Ngibone ama-RFQ amaningi (Isicelo Sekhotheshini) yokunikezwa kwe-flange ehlanganisa isigaba sezinhlelo zokulawulwa kwemvelo kanye nezitifiketi zokulahlwa kwemfucuza. Isuka odabeni lokuthobela ihhovisi elingemuva iye kweyezimfanelo zokuthengisa ezingaphambili. Ikhono lomkhiqizi lokuchaza indlela abaphatha ngayo umthelela kwezemvelo yezinqubo ezifana ne-electroplating isiba isihlukanisi semakethe.

Lokhu kuholela kumqondo wokugudluzwa komthwalo. Ngokwenza i-flange imelane nokugqwala ngokufaka uthayela, ungase wandise impilo yayo yesevisi, unciphise imvamisa yokushintshwa kanye nemithelela yokukhiqiza ehlobene. Lokho kuwukuhwebelana okuhle komjikelezo wempilo. Kodwa uma inqubo yokucwenga ngokwayo ingcolile, kungenzeka ukuthi udala inkinga enkulu ngaphambili ukuze uxazulule encane kamuva. Ibhalansi ithambile futhi idinga ukuhlolwa okuqotho, okugcwele, hhayi nje ukugxila emanzini angcolile avela eshabhubhu.

Ukuze Unciphise: Azikho Izinhlamvu Zesiliva, Ukusebenza Kanzima Nje

Ngakho, yini esebenzayo? Okokuqala, ukuncishiswa komthombo. Ukuthuthukisa amakhemikhali okugeza ukuze kunwebe ukuphila, ukuthuthukisa ama-rack ukuze kuncishiswe ukudonsa, kanye nokufaka izifutho zokuwasha noma imimese yomoya ngaphambi kokuthi ithangi linqamule ukungcoliswa komthombo ngo-30% noma ngaphezulu. Ubunjiniyela obungenabukhazikhazi, kepha isinyathelo esisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Okwesibili, ukululama. Ukushintshaniswa kwe-ion, ukutholakala kwe-evaporative, noma ubuchwepheshe be-membrane bungakwazi ukudonsa i-zinc namanzi kubuyisele enqubweni. Ezomnotho manje sezivuma ezimweni eziningi. Ukhiye ukuklama ukutholwa kokusakazwa kwakho kukadoti okuthile. Isistimu eklanyelwe ukugeza kwe-chloride ephezulu ingase yehluleke ekugezeni okusekelwe ku-sulfate.

Okokugcina, ukwelashwa okufanele kokuphela kwepayipi, usayizi olungile futhi osetshenziswa abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe. Lena inetha yokuphepha. Ukusebenzisana nesibambi sikadoti esihloniphekile akuxoxiswana ngakho. Umgomo kufanele kube ukwenza leli netha libe lincane ngangokunokwenzeka ngezinyathelo ezimbili zokuqala.

Ekugcineni, umthelela wemvelo we-electroplating galvanized flanges uyinselelo yezimboni elawulekayo, kodwa kude nokuncane. Idinga ukuqonda kweleveli yenqubo okudlula isiphetho ngasohlangothini. Kumayelana namakhemikhali asethangini, amanzi okugeza, udaka emgqonyeni, nezinqumo ezenziwa nsuku zonke phansi esitolo. Ukungayinaki kuyingozi; ukuyiphatha kuyingxenye yokwenza umkhiqizo oqinile ngokuzibophezela. Izizinda zemboni, njengalena ese-Handan lapho izinkampani ezifana neZitai zisebenza khona, zinesilinganiso sokuletha uguquko oluphusile uma kugxilwa lapho. Akukhona mayelana nokuqeda inqubo, kodwa mayelana nokuhlanganisa izindleko zayo zangempela-ezemvelo kanye nokusebenza-endleleni esakha ngayo izinto.