Mukamva malankhulidwe opangira malasha, anthu ambiri nthawi yomweyo amaganiza kuti chitetezo cha dzimbiri, mwina mtengo. Malo achilengedwe? Nthawi zambiri kuganiza molakwika, kapena kuipitsitsa, kusamvetsetsa. Ndawonapo masitolo akuchitira akasinja a electroplating kutsuka ngati mzere wina wamadzi, ndipo ndipamene nkhani yeniyeni-ndi mavuto enieni-akuyamba. Sizokhudza zinc chabe.

Nkhani Yachikulu Si Chitsulo Chokha

Tinene momveka bwino: chilengedwe choyambirira chochokera ku electroplating galvanized flanges sizomwe zimakutira zinki. Zinc ndi yabwino poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zina zopukutira monga cadmium kapena hexavalent chromium. Zotsatira zake zili mkati. Magawo asanayambe chithandizo - kutola asidi kuti achotse dzimbiri, kuyeretsa zamchere kuti apange mafuta - kumatulutsa zinyalala zoyamba. Mukulimbana ndi madzi osambira a asidi odzaza ndi chitsulo cha kloridi ndi sulfate, ndi madzi amchere odzaza ndi mafuta ndi surfactants. Ngati izi zikuyenda mosathandizidwa, mukuyang'ana kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa pH ndi kuchepa kwa okosijeni m'madzi. Ndikukumbukira kasitolo kakang'ono kogwirira ntchito pafupi ndi malo osungiramo mafakitale omwe amalipiritsa chindapusa osati chifukwa cha zinki, koma chifukwa cha mita ya pH yowerengera ma chart kuchokera pa tanki yawo itasefukira.

Ndiye pamabwera kusamba kwa plating. Ngakhale plating ya alkaline non-cyanide zinc plating tsopano ndiyokhazikika (mabafa a cyanide ndizovuta zakale, mwamwayi), kusamba kumawonongekabe. Zowunikira, zopangira zovuta, ndi zonyowetsa zimawonongeka, ndikupanga mankhwala omwe amafunikira chithandizo. Kukokera kunja-filimu yowondayo ya yankho yomwe imamatirira ku flange pamene ikuphwanyidwa-ndi wolakwa chete. Imadontha, kuipitsa pansi. Tinkaganiza kuti thireyi yosavuta yodontha inali yokwanira mpaka kafukufuku wina wachitatu adawonetsa kuipitsidwa ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi kuchokera kumalo opangira makina. Zinali zosokoneza.

Njira yoyeretsera ndiyofunikira. Kutsuka kocheperako kumapulumutsa madzi, koma ngati kuchuluka kwake sikunayende bwino, mukungosuntha zoipitsidwa kuchokera ku tanki imodzi kupita ku ina. Cholakwika chachikulu chomwe ndawonapo? Kungoganiza kuti madzi otsuka bwino amatanthauza madzi oyera. Zolimba zosungunuka ndi zitsulo zovuta siziwoneka. Ndayesa madzi otsuka bwino omwe amakhalabe ndi 20-30 ppm ya zinc, pamwamba pa malire otulutsa. Ndiwo mtundu watsatanetsatane womwe mumangopeza ndikusanthula kokhazikika, koyenera, osati kuyang'ana kowoneka.

Mitsinje ya Zinyalala ndi Mtengo Wobisika

Sludge. Ndiwo mathero osalephereka. Mukachotsa madzi otayidwa, zinki yosungunukayo imakwera ngati hydroxide sludge. Imagawidwa ngati zinyalala zowopsa m'magawo ambiri chifukwa cha zitsulo zake komanso kuthekera kotulutsa. Mtengo suli m'badwo wake wokha; zili mu kagwiridwe, zolemba (zowonetseratu), ndi malipiro otaya. Zovala zapakatikati zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga zimatha kupanga matani angapo amatope pachaka. Ndalama zotayiramo zinyalala zakwera kwambiri. Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yomwe mtengo wotaya zinyalala unayamba kupikisana ndi mtengo wazinthu zopangira zinc anode. Kumeneku kunali kudzuka kuti ndiwone zakuchira.

Kumwa madzi ndi zotsatira zina zobisika. Electroplating ndi ludzu. Kwa mzere wokhazikika wa rack, madzi otsuka madzi amatha kukhala aakulu. M'madera omwe ali ndi kusowa kwa madzi kapena ma tarifi apamwamba, izi zimakhala zotsika mtengo zogwirira ntchito komanso nkhani yokhazikika. Tinagwira ntchito ndi malo, osati mosiyana ndi zomwe mungapeze pakupanga kwakukulu ngati Malingaliro a kampani Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd. ku Yongnian, komwe akuluakulu aboma adayamba kukhwimitsa zilolezo zotulutsa madzi apansi panthaka. Anayenera kuyika ndalama mu makina otsuka otsekeka ndi ma ion exchange, omwe anali ndi capex yayikulu koma adadula zopakapaka zawo zamadzi ndi 70%. Zinalipira m'zaka zosachepera ziwiri.

Mphamvu ndi zomwe sizikambidwenso. Kutentha kwa matanki, zokonzanso mphamvu za DC, mpweya wowongolera mpweya - zonsezi zimawonjezera. Kuphatikizika kwa mpweya wa kaboni kumalumikizananso ndi kusakanikirana kwamagetsi komweko. M'dera lomwe limayendetsedwa kwambiri ndi malasha, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe pakuyika chidebe cha flange kungakhale kwakukulu. Ndilo kusiyana kwa kuganiza kwa moyo: timaganizira kwambiri zamadzimadzi osambira koma nthawi zambiri timanyalanyaza mpweya wamagetsi omwe amayendetsa mzerewu.

Zowona Zapatsamba ndi Zolephera Zenizeni

Mwachidziwitso, machitidwe a chithandizo ndi yankho. M'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri amasamalidwa kapena kusamvetsetsedwa. Zowoneka zodziwika bwino m'zomera zakale: woyendetsa madzi akuwonongeka ndiyenso woyendetsa forklift. Amataya zosintha za pH kutengera mayeso ofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusinthasintha komwe kumasokoneza mvula. Chotsatira? Zinc kutsetsereka powunikira, kapena kupanga matope omwe sasefa bwino. Ndawona makina osindikizira atatsekedwa ndi chisokonezo cha gelatinous chifukwa pH inali yolakwika panthawi yamvula, kumangiriza njira yonse yosungira zinyalala kwa masiku.

Ndiye pali chiyeso kuchotsa ngodya. Kutuluka kwa nthunzi m'matangi otseguka kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa madzi oyipa kumamveka ngati lingaliro lotsika mtengo. Zili choncho, mpaka mutazindikira kuti zikungowonjezera zoipitsa ndikutulutsa chilichonse chomwe chimasokonekera mumlengalenga mozungulira shopu. Osati yankho labwino. Kuyesa kwina kolephera komwe ndidawonako kukugwiritsa ntchito matsenga polima kuti agwirizane chilichonse. Zinagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, kutsekera madzi ochuluka kwambiri kotero kuti kuchuluka kwa matope kunawonjezeka ndi 40%, kugonjetsa cholingacho. Palibe kukonzanso konsekonse; iyenera kusinthidwa ndi madzi enieni osambira ndikukonzekera khwekhwe.

Kupeza zinthu kumawonjezera gawo lina. Kodi anode ya zinki imachokera kuti? Kodi ndi zochokera ku pulayimale smelting kapena recycled? Migodi ndi kusungunula kwa virgin zinc ndikwambiri. Pogwiritsira ntchito yachiwiri, zinc anode zobwezerezedwanso zimatha kutsitsa kwambiri kumtunda kwa chilengedwe. Ndi chisankho chogula chomwe mashopu ambiri opangira plating sawongolera, koma opanga okulirapo amapeza zida zodzaza, monga kampani yomangira yomwe imayang'anira mayendedwe ake ogulitsa, angathe ndipo ayenera kuganizira. Webusayiti ya Zitai Fasteners (https://www.zitaifasteners.com) amawunikira malo omwe ali mugawo lalikulu kwambiri la China; opanga zazikulu zotere ali ndi mwayi wofuna zinthu zotsuka kuchokera kwa mavenda awo, zomwe zimakankhira unyolo wonse kuchita bwino.

Regulations ndi Moving Target

Kutsatira sikukhazikika. Mu EU, REACH ndi ELV malangizo anthawi zonse amakakamira zopanga, kutsata zowunikira kapena zowonjezera. Ku US, malire amtundu wa POTW (Public Owned Treatment Works) akhoza kukhala okhwima kuposa malangizo a federal EPA. Ndakhala ndi kasitomala yemwe amatsatira kwa zaka zambiri, ndiye kuti lamulo latsopano lakumaloko linachepetsa malire ovomerezeka a zinc ndi theka. Iwo amayenera kubweza chipatala chawo chonse. Zotengera? Simungathe kungoyika dongosolo ndikuyiwala. Muyenera kuyang'anira machitidwe owongolera. Kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe kumakhudza kwambiri chiwopsezo chazamalamulo monga momwe zilili ndi chilengedwe.

Kupereka malipoti ndi kuwonekera zikukhala gawo lazokhudzidwa. Okhudzidwa, kuchokera kwa makasitomala kupita kumadera, amafuna kudziwa. Ndawonapo ma RFQ ochulukirapo (Pempho la quote) popereka flange komwe kumaphatikizapo gawo la machitidwe oyang'anira zachilengedwe ndi ziphaso zakutaya zinyalala. Ikusuntha kuchoka ku nkhani yotsatiridwa ndi ofesi kupita ku chiyeneretso cha malonda. Wopanga amatha kufotokoza momwe amayendetsera chilengedwe njira ngati electroplating ikukhala yosiyanitsa msika.

Izi zimatsogolera ku lingaliro la kusintha kwa katundu. Popanga flange kuti isachite dzimbiri pogwiritsa ntchito malata, mutha kufutukula moyo wake wautumiki, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kusinthidwa ndi zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kupanga. Ndiko kusinthanitsa kwabwino kwa moyo. Koma ngati plating payokha ndi yauve, mungakhale mukupanga vuto lalikulu kutsogolo kuti muthetse laling'ono mtsogolo. Zotsalazo ndi zofewa ndipo zimafunikira kuunika kowona, kokwanira, osati kungoyang'ana pazomwe zangotsala pang'ono kutha.

Kuchepetsa: Palibe Zipolopolo za Siliva, Kungolimbikira

Ndiye, ntchito? Choyamba, kuchepetsa gwero. Kukongoletsa madzi osambira kuti atalikitse moyo, kukonza ma racking kuti achepetse kutulutsa, ndikuyika zotsukira kapena mipeni ya mpweya mu thanki isanachepetse kuipitsidwa ndi 30% kapena kupitilira apo. Ndi uinjiniya wosasangalatsa, koma ndiye gawo lothandiza kwambiri.

Chachiwiri, kuchira. Kusinthana kwa ion, kuchira kwa evaporative, kapena matekinoloje a membrane amatha kukokera zinki ndi madzi kuti zibwerere. Economics tsopano ndi yabwino nthawi zambiri. Mfungulo ndikupanga kubwezeretsedwa kwa njira yanu yotaya zinyalala. Dongosolo lopangidwira madzi osambira okhala ndi chloride wambiri limatha kulephera pakusamba kwa sulphate.

Potsirizira pake, chithandizo choyenera cha mapeto a chitoliro, kukula kwake moyenera ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino. Uwu ndiye ukonde wachitetezo. Kuyanjana ndi wosamalira zinyalala wodalirika sikungakambirane. Cholinga chiyenera kukhala kupanga khoka ili kukhala laling'ono momwe zingathere kupyolera mu masitepe awiri oyambirira.

Pamapeto pake, kukhudzidwa kwachilengedwe kwa ma electroplating galvanized flanges ndizovuta zamafakitale, koma sizochepa. Zimafuna kumvetsetsa kwapang'onopang'ono komwe kumapitilira kumapeto kwa gawolo. Ndi za chemistry mu thanki, madzi otsuka, matope mu nkhokwe, ndi zisankho zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse pansi pa sitolo. Kuchinyalanyaza ndi chiopsezo; Kusamalira ndi gawo chabe la kupanga chinthu cholimba moyenera. Magawo amakampani, monga momwe ali ku Handan komwe makampani monga Zitai amagwira ntchito, ali ndi sikelo yoyendetsera kusintha kwakukulu ngati aikapo chidwi. Sizokhudza kuthetsa ndondomekoyi, koma kuphatikizira mtengo wake weniweni - chilengedwe ndi ntchito - momwe timapangira zinthu.