Lokacin da kuka ji 'mai dorewa' da 'flange bolts' a cikin jumla ɗaya, yawancin mutanen da ke cikin fataucin ko dai suna yin ba'a ko fara magana game da sake amfani da tarkace. Wannan shine tarkon gama gari-tunanin dorewa shine kawai game da kayan ƙarshen rayuwa. Amma daga ƙasa zuwa sama, a cikin yinwa da amfani, akwai ƙari a ciki. Ba wai kawai launin kore ba; game da ko abin da ke damun ya daɗe a ƙarƙashin damuwa, yana amfani da ƙarancin makamashi don shigarwa, ko kuma baya buƙatar maye gurbin kowace shekara. A nan ya kamata tattaunawar ta kasance.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Kayayyaki Bayan Babba

Kowa yayi tsalle zuwa bakin karfe don juriya na lalata, yana kiran shi zabin 'kore'. Amma ƙarfin ƙarfin samar da bakin austenitic mai girma, in ji 316, yana da yawa. Na ga ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai inda ƙwanƙolin ƙarfe mai ɗorewa mai zafi mai zafi, mai rufi da kyau, ya yi aikin a cikin matsanancin yanayi na tsawon shekaru 15, babu gumi. Sawun carbon daga samarwa ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa. Ƙirƙirar ba koyaushe ba ne sabon kayan ado mai ban sha'awa; wani lokacin yana game da mafi wayo aikace-aikace na data kasance. Mun gudanar da gwajin gwaji don aikin mai amfani a bakin teku, yana daidaita daidaitaccen A4-80 a kan tsarin suturar flake na zinc-aluminum na mallakar ƙasa akan ƙaramin tushe. Waɗanda aka lulluɓe sun fi kyau a kan feshin gishiri, kuma gabaɗayan amfani da albarkatun ya yi ƙasa. Yana sanya ku tambayar tsoffin ƙayyadaddun bayanai.

Sai kuma muhawarar karfen boron. Don haɗin haɗin flange mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, motsawa zuwa aji 10.9 ko ma 12.9 tare da microalloying boron yana nufin zaku iya rage girman kullin ko amfani da kaɗan daga cikinsu. Ƙananan kayan kowane haɗin gwiwa. Amma tsarin maganin zafi yana jin yunwa. Shin cinikin yana da daraja? Mun lissafta shi sau ɗaya don aikin ginin turbine tushe. Amfani da ƙarancin ƙarfi amma mafi girma flani fals rage jimlar nauyin karfe da kusan 8% don kunshin fastener. Wannan ceto ne na zahiri, amma kawai idan an inganta tsarin masana'anta. Idan tanderun ba ta da inganci, kuna rasa fa'ida.

Na tuna da wani mai sayarwa, Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd., wanda ke cikin wannan babban ginin samar da Yongnian a cikin Hebei, yana tura layin 'sarrafa sanyaya' bayan ƙirƙira. Manufar ita ce a cimma ingantacciyar tsarin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ba tare da ƙarin matakin kashewa ba. Mun gwada su. A wasu lokuta, kayan aikin injiniya sun kasance marasa daidaituwa, amma lokacin da suka buga alamar, ajiyar makamashi ta kowace ton ya kasance sananne. Waɗannan tweaks ɗin tsari ne, sau da yawa daga manyan cibiyoyin samarwa irin wannan (zaku iya bincika tsarin su a https://www.zitaifaseners.com), wanda ke tashi a ƙarƙashin radar amma ƙara.

Factor Ingantacciyar Shigarwa

Dorewa ba kawai kullu a cikin akwati ba. Shi ne man-hours da man kayan aiki a wurin. Kullin flange wanda aka ƙera don daidaitawa cikin sauƙi da sauri-kamar waɗanda ke da haɗe-haɗen wanki ko riga-kafin sarrafa gogayya-na iya yanke lokacin shigarwa da kashi uku. Na kasance a kan ayyukan bututun mai inda ma'aikatan jirgin suka kwashe lokaci mai yawa suna kokawa tare da ramukan da ba daidai ba fiye da yadda ake tursasawa. Ƙirƙirar da ke akwai a cikin ilimin lissafi da sifofi na biyu. Farawa mai ɗanɗano kaɗan akan zaren ko fuskar flange mara alama na iya zama mai canza wasa.

Mun yi gwaji tare da madaidaicin facin tushen polymer, an riga an yi amfani da shi akan zaren. Ya kamata ya samar da madaidaicin man shafawa da rufewa, rage buƙatar dope daban da kuma tabbatar da cikakken ɗaukar nauyi. Ka'idar ta kasance mai ƙarfi: ingantaccen ƙaddamarwa yana nufin babu wuce gona da iri (ɓataccen makamashi) da ƙarami, hatimi mai ɗorewa, hana yaɗuwa da kiyayewa nan gaba. Gaskiyar gaskiya? A cikin yanayin sanyi, facin ya zama mara ƙarfi yayin ajiya. Ba a yi nasara sosai a wurin hunturu a Kanada. Komawa allon zane. Amma wannan shine irin gazawar hannu-da-kai wanda ke gaya muku inda ainihin matsalolin suke.

Matsakaicin juzu'i-zuwa-juyawa yana da mahimmanci fiye da yadda mutane suka yarda. Mafi santsi, mafi daidaituwa na juzu'i yana nufin za ku sami ƙarfin matsi da aka ƙirƙira tare da ƙarancin karfin juyi. Wannan yana fassara zuwa ƙananan kayan aiki, ƙarancin gajiyar ma'aikaci, da ƙarancin shigar da kuzari. Yana jin ƙanƙanta, amma auna shi a kan dubban hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa akan juyawar matatar. Tattalin arzikin man fetur don kayan aikin wutar lantarki na hydraulic kadai zai iya zama mahimmanci. Wannan riba ce ta dorewar kai tsaye, amma ba za ku same shi a cikin rahoton LCA ba.

Dorewa da Tsarin Kulawa

Mafi ɗorewar kusoshi shine wanda ba za ku taɓa maye gurbinsa ba. Lalata ita ce babban abokin gaba. Bayan abu, ƙira cikakkun bayanai kamar radius mai cikakken zagaye a ƙarƙashin maƙarƙashiya ko sauyi mara sumul daga shank zuwa tushen zaren yana rage ma'aunin damuwa. Waɗannan wuraren gajiyayyu ne. Kullin da ke fitowa daga gajiya kafin ya lalace gazawar biyu ce - kun rasa amincin haɗin gwiwa kuma kun ɓata kuzarin da ke cikin wannan ɓangaren.

Na tuna bincika haɗin flange akan layin sarrafa sinadarai bayan gudu na shekaru 5. Madaidaicin madaidaicin kai na hex ya nuna gagarumin lalata a ƙarƙashin kai. Waɗanda aka kama, ƙirar wanki mai ƙwanƙwasa kyauta sun fi kyau sosai. Mai wanki zai iya daidaitawa da kula da matsa lamba kamar yadda gasket ɗin ya matse, kuma ya karya ragi. Wannan ingantaccen ɗorewar ƙira ce. Yana ƙara juzu'i ga farashin naúrar, amma yana kawar da taron tabbatarwa na gaba. Wannan shine lissafin da ke da mahimmanci.

Sannan akwai batun daidaitawar galvanic. Manne bakin karfe a kulle a cikin flange karfen carbon? Kuna neman matsala sai dai idan kun rufe ta. Mun ƙara matsawa zuwa ga yin amfani da rufaffen ƙwanƙolin ƙarfe na carbon tare da anodes na hadaya ko ma da injin wanki don karya kewaye. Yana da ƙasa da sexy fiye da monolithic alloy bayani, amma sau da yawa ya fi tasiri da inganci a cikin dogon lokaci. Ƙirƙirar tana cikin tsarin, ba kawai ɓangaren ba.

Hannun Hannu da Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa

Wannan babban yanki ne, sau da yawa ana watsi da sawun sawun. Kudin carbon na jigilar kaya mai nauyi flani fals daga Asiya zuwa Turai ko Arewacin Amurka yana da mahimmanci. Dorewar turawa tana haɓaka ƙungiyoyin masana'antu na yanki. Wani wuri kamar Yongnian a cikin Hebei, China, tare da ɗimbin hanyar sadarwa na shuke-shuke, masu samar da albarkatun ƙasa, da masu maganin zafi, yana da matuƙar inganci don wadatar da kasuwannin Asiya da na gida. Don aiki a kudu maso gabashin Asiya, samowa daga can na iya zama zaɓi mafi ƙarancin tasiri, duk abubuwan da aka yi la'akari da su.

Handan Zitai Fastener, alal misali, ya nuna fa'idar aikin sa kasancewarsa kusa da manyan hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa da manyan tituna. Wannan ba maganar tallace-tallace ba ce kawai. Don jigilar kayayyaki masu yawa a cikin gida ko zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na kusa, wannan ingancin yana rage fitar da kafar sufuri. Ƙirƙirar a nan tana cikin haɓaka sarkar kayayyaki da ƙila har ma da samo kayan yanki. Na ga masana'anta suna kafa kusa da waɗannan sansanonin masana'antu don rage tafiyar naɗin ƙarfe.

Bangaren juyewa shine yunƙurin neman kusanci a Turai da Amurka. Yana da alhakin siyasa, amma daga tsattsauran ra'ayi na juriya, yana da cancanta. Shin injin ƙirƙira na gida zai iya yin gasa kan aiwatar da ingantaccen makamashi tare da ƙaƙƙarfan tsire-tsire masu haɗaka a Asiya? Wani lokaci ba. Amma idan kun yi la'akari da guntu, ƙananan sarƙoƙi na wadata da kuma ikon yin ƙarami, batches na lokaci-lokaci suna rage sharar kaya, hoton dorewa yana yin duhu. Babu amsa daya. Yanzu muna yin tallace-tallace na tushen biyu don manyan ayyuka, suna buƙatar ƙididdige sawun carbon daga ƙasashen waje da masu samar da gida. Bayanan yana da rikici, amma yana tilasta batun.

Da'irar: Sake Amfani da Gaskiyar Ƙarshen Rayuwa

Bari mu kasance masu gaskiya da gaske: yawancin ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa masu ƙarfi ba a sake amfani da su ba. Ana tilasta su don samar da su, ko kuma sun lalace, ko kuma ana la'akari da su kawai don dalilai na tsaro. Mafarkin tattalin arziki madauwari ya bugi bango a nan. Koyaya, a wasu aikace-aikacen marasa mahimmanci, ƙarancin damuwa, kamar wasu ƙirar gine-gine ko ƙirar ƙirar zamani, mun ƙaddamar da tsarin ɗaukar hoto tare da alamar kusoshi. Kalubalen shine dubawa. Ta yaya kuke tabbatar da amincin kullin da aka yi amfani da shi? Gwajin Ultrasonic don mikewa? Yana yiwuwa, amma farashin sau da yawa ya fi nauyin sabon kudin kulle.

Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce ƙira don tarwatsawa. Using bolt types that are less prone to thread galling and seizing—like those with molybdenum disulfide coatings—makes future removal and potential reuse more likely. Mun ƙayyadad da irin waɗannan kusoshi don aikin skid na zamani. Manufar ita ce za a iya soke skids, motsa, da kuma sake kulle su akan sabon rukunin yanar gizo. Ya yi aiki, amma kawai saboda tsarin kulawa ya yi kira ga fili don hana kamawa yayin sake sakawa. Idan ba tare da wannan horon aiki ba, ƙirƙira ta gaza.

A ƙarshe, sake yin amfani da su. Karfe ne madaidaiciya, amma sutura suna da matsala. Zinc, cadmium, kauri na polymer yadudduka - za su iya gurɓata rafin da ya lalace. Yunkurin zuwa mafi sirara, fasahar sutura mara kyau, ko ma babu sutura tare da kayan tushe mai jure lalata, yana sa ƙarshen ƙarshen rayuwa ya zama mai tsabta. Yana da ɗan ƙaramin daki-daki, amma yana rufe madauki. Kullin da ya fi sauƙi don sake yin fa'ida shine, a zahiri, ya fi dorewa. Amma wannan shine makoma ta ƙarshe. Abubuwan da aka samu na gaske shine sanya shi ya daɗe kuma yayi aiki mafi kyau a farkon wuri.

Don haka, akwai sabbin abubuwa masu dorewa a cikin kusoshi na flange? Lallai. Ba wai kawai ci gaban kanun labarai ba ne. Sun kasance a cikin tsarin hatsi na karfe, da lissafi na tushen zaren, ɓarke ​​​​na sutura, da kuma ingantaccen tsarin samar da kayayyaki. Yana da niƙa, ba juyin juya hali. Kuma ma'aunin nasara ba tabo ba ne na takaddun shaida; kulli ne da ke tsayawa tsayin daka, ba ya zube, kuma an manta da shi shekaru da yawa. Wannan shine babban aiki mai dorewa.