
2026-02-20
Urumva anti-loosening hanyuma uhita utekereza gufunga cyangwa gufunga urudodo, sibyo? Ngiyo umutego usanzwe. Ikiganiro nyacyo ntabwo ari uguhagarika Bolt gusa; ni bijyanye no gucunga clamp imitwaro yangirika mugihe kinyeganyega, ubushyuhe bwumukino wamagare mugihe cyimyaka 15 yimashini. Kuramba hano ntabwo ari ijambo ryijambo-ni ukurinda kunanirwa imburagihe, kwirinda ingufu n imyanda yibikoresho byo guhora wongera gutwikwa cyangwa kubisimbuza, kandi mvugishije ukuri, guhagarika casade yigihe gito. Ibiganiro byinshi bibura ko kwihuta ari igice kimwe cya sisitemu ihuriweho. Niba igishushanyo cyangwa igenamigambi rifite inenge, niyo tekinoroji ya fanciest ntizigama.
Kera mugihe cyanjye cyo gufata imashini ziremereye, twakwirukana kunyeganyega guterwa no kunyeganyega gusa. Ikosa rya kera. Kurenza urugero kurambura Bolt, birashobora gutera impagarara zangirika cyangwa kumwambura gusa ubukana bwawo - ubushobozi bwo gukora nkisoko no gukomeza imbaraga. Intego ni umutwaro uhoraho, wizewe wa clamp urwanya kwikuramo. Ndibuka ikadiri ya convoyeur yatigisaga buri mezi atandatu. Twagerageje ibinyomoro bya flange, byakoraga… amezi umunani. Ikibazo cyari amarangi ashushanyije, ataringaniye kubana bitera kugabanwa kuringaniza. Ibinyomoro ntibyatsinzwe; igishushanyo mbonera cyakoze.
Aho niho imirimo nyayo itangirira. Ugomba kureba ingingo zose: urwego rwumutungo wihuta, urwego rwa flange, gukomera kwibikoresho bifunze. Gukaraba gukomeye munsi yumutobe usanzwe kumazu yoroshye ya aluminium arasaba gushira no gutakaza imitwaro. Twize kwerekana ibishushanyo bihuriweho, kubara umutwaro-guhindura umurongo. Byumvikane nkamasomo, ariko ni itandukaniro riri hagati yingingo irokoka nimwe ihinduka umutwe udakira.
Aha niho abakora ibicuruzwa babona sisitemu igaragara. Nashakaga abatanga isoko bashobora kuvuga ibirenze ibipimo bya DIN, hanyuma ndaza Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd.. Ikibanza cyabo muri Yongnian, icyo kigo kinini cyo kubyaza umusaruro, bivuze ko babonye byose. Icyari ingirakamaro ntabwo cyari kataloge yabo gusa, ahubwo inyandiko zabo zubuhanga kuri sisitemu yo gusaba. Ni ikintu kimwe kugurisha a umutobe wiganje; ni ikindi cyerekana igihe cyo gukoresha insimburangingo ya nylon hamwe nicyuma-kivanze cyuma cyahinduwe hashingiwe ku bipimo by'ubushyuhe no gukenera gukoreshwa. Ibyo bifatika, uburambe bushingiye kubitekerezo ni zahabu.
Abafunga ingingo bafite umwanya wabo - hasi kugeza kurwego rwo hagati, ibidukikije bifunze. Ariko ku bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro cyangwa umunara wa turbine umuyaga uri ku nkombe? Wibagirwe. UV, ubushyuhe bukabije, lisansi, hamwe no kunyeganyega cyane bizasenya ibifatika. Kugirango urambe, urashaka igisubizo cyumukanishi, cyongeye gukoreshwa. Twagerageje uburyo butandukanye kumashanyarazi ya mazutu.
Hejuru-gufunga utubuto hamwe nuduce twahinduwe twakoraga neza kubintu byoroshye ariko byari ububabare ahantu hafunganye. Twagize ibisubizo byiza birebire hamwe na sisitemu yo gukaraba. Ihame riroroshye: inguni zinguni kumesa ziracukura, zikora imbaraga zo kurwanya kuzunguruka. Urufunguzo, nubwo, rushyizweho neza - rukora gusa mubyerekezo byerekanwe. Nabonye abakozi babakubita inshyi inyuma, bikabagira akamaro. Amahugurwa ni kimwe mu buhanga.
Noneho hariho imbunda nini: kugenzura impagarara (TC bolt) sisitemu hamwe no gukaraba. Ibi ni byiza cyane guhuza flange nini, nko ku byuma byubatswe cyangwa umuyaga wa turbine. Ukoresha icyogosho cyogosha umugozi urangirira kumurongo wuzuye. Iraguha amashusho, genda / oya-go gihamya yo kwishyiriraho neza. Inguni irambye irasobanutse: ingingo ibanziriza neza ibona ibintu bike ugereranije, bigabanya cyane kwambara no kunanirwa. Ikibi? Ibikoresho kabuhariwe hamwe nigiciro cyo hejuru. Ugomba kubisobanura ukoresheje ikiguzi cyubuzima, ntabwo ukoresha gusa.
Wigeze ugira ibinyomoro bizunguruka mu bwisanzure ariko ntibigere bikomera? Bikunze gusezererwa nkurudodo rubi. Rimwe na rimwe. Ariko kenshi na kenshi, ni bolt thread pitch deformation kuva mbere kurenza urugero, cyangwa imyanda ipakiye muburyo bwo gufunga ibinyomoro. Nibintu bito, bitesha umutwe bihagarika umurongo wose winteko. Gukosora ntabwo ari imbuto nshya gusa; ni kugenzura umugozi wumugabo ukoresheje igipimo no gusukura hejuru yabashakanye. Biragaragara, ariko mubisanzwe birengagizwa mukwihutira kubona ibintu.
Kuramba bisobanura kandi kurwanya ruswa, irya ibintu kandi ikongera ubushyamirane, igahindura umubano wumuriro. Igice cya koronike cyangiritse gifata cyangwa kigatakaza umutwaro wa clamp. Twagereranije kuri hot-dip galvanised cyangwa dacromet kwizirika hanze, hejuru-ubuhehere bukoreshwa. Ariko dore gufata: impuzu zongera umubyimba. Niba utabaze ibyo mubisobanuro bya torque yawe, urimo gukomera. 15-micron zinc flake itwikiriye irashobora guhindura cyane coefficente yo guterana. Twize kubaza abatanga amakuru kuri torque-tension yamakuru kubicuruzwa byabo bisize, ntabwo aribikoresho fatizo gusa. Bamwe, nka Zitai, batanga iyi mbonerahamwe byoroshye, byerekana ko basobanukiwe nibisabwa, ntabwo ari ugukora gusa.
Guhitamo ibikoresho nubundi buryo. Kwimuka uva mu cyiciro gisanzwe cya 8.8 ukagera kuri 10.9 cyangwa na 12.9 byemerera umurambararo muto wa diameter kumutwaro umwe, ukiza uburemere nibikoresho. Ariko urwego rwo hejuru rusobanura cyane kwanduzwa na hydrogène niba bidakozwe neza. Urimo gucuruza ibyago bimwe kurindi. Twari dufite icyiciro cya bolts yo murwego rwohejuru cyananiranye bikabije kubinyamakuru - byagaragaye ko isahani yatangijwe na hydrogène, kandi ntabwo zokejwe neza kugirango zisohoke. Utanga isoko yashinje itara ryacu. Byari isomo ridahwitse mugusuzuma uburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu byose.
Ngiyo kanyoni nini hagati yimyumvire nibikorwa. Urashobora gutondeka neza Nord-Lock washer washyizweho cyangwa polymer yihuta cyane. Niba umusore ufite ingaruka zingirakamaro atazi inzira, ntacyo bimaze. Calibrated torque wrenches ni ngombwa, ariko ni bangahe basuzumwa? Twashyize mubikorwa sisitemu aho ingingo zikomeye (tekereza garebox yerekana, guhuza imiterere) byasabye logi ya torque yasinywe hamwe nibikoresho ID. Yumvaga bureaucratique, ariko yagabanije kunanirwa bijyanye na 70%.
Urukurikirane rufite akamaro cyane cyane kuri flanges nyinshi. Igishushanyo mbonera cyinyenyeri cyigishijwe kubwimpamvu - yemeza na gasketi cyangwa kwikuramo hejuru. Narebye abakanishi bamenyereye birengagiza ibi kuri hydraulic manifold, biganisha kumyuka idahwema kwirukana ibyumweru mukwizirika inshuro imwe inshuro nyinshi. Barwanije flange. Rimwe na rimwe, tekinoroji irambye irwanya irekurwa ni urupapuro: amabwiriza y'akazi asobanutse, yerekanwe.
Hariho kandi ibintu byabantu byo kumva. Umuhanga ufite ubunararibonye arashobora rimwe na rimwe gutahura umurongo-utambitse cyangwa igihingwa cyera bitewe nimpinduka zo guhangana mugihe cyo gukomera, ikintu cyumubyimba wamatwi utumva gusa. Ibyo bitekerezo byubusa ni urwego rudasimburwa rwo kugenzura ubuziranenge. Twatangiye guhuza abakozi bashya naba basezerewe cyane cyane kubikorwa bikomeye bya bolting, dufata ubwo bumenyi bwuzuye.
Hano haravugwa kubyuma bifata ubwenge hamwe na sensor yashyizwemo kugirango ukurikirane preload. Mfite amakenga yo gukoreshwa henshi. Igiciro, ibintu bigoye, kandi biramba mubidukikije bikaze byinganda ni inzitizi nini. Kuri ubu, uburyo bwubwenge bufatika ni ugukoresha ultrasonic bolt yo kuramba kubipimo bikomeye, kwishyiriraho rimwe nkibishingwe binini bya turbine. Iraguha gupima imitwaro itaziguye, ukarenga ibintu byose bihindagurika. Birahenze kandi biratinda, ariko kubufatanye ntushobora na rimwe kunanirwa, ni cheque yanyuma.
Imipaka nyayo, uko mbibona, iri muburyo bwo gusenya no kubungabunga. Imashini zirambye zigomba gukorerwa. Tekinoroji yo kurwanya irekura ifata bikomeye nyuma yimyaka itanu (ndareba, bamwe bafunga imiti) ni ikinyuranyo kirambye. Icyifuzo nigice gishyirwa mugihe gikora ariko gishobora gusenywa nibikoresho bisanzwe mugihe cyo kuvugurura. Niyo mpamvu nishingikirije kumashini, yongeye gukoreshwa. Bashobora gukenera gusimburwa nyuma yinzinguzingo nkeya, ariko nibyiza kuruta gukata cyangwa gucukura Bolt no kwangiza ibikoresho byababyeyi.
Mu kurangiza, ni umukino wa sisitemu. Ntushobora gukomera gusa kuramba. Itangirana nuburyo bwateguwe neza, ihitamo uburyo bukwiye, burambye bwo gufunga tekinoroji kubidukikije, ikora neza, hamwe na gahunda yubuzima bwose. Ibigo bitanga ibice bifatika na gusaba ubwenge, nkikipe kuri Zitai muri ibyo bicuruzwa bikomeye bya Handan, ube abafatanyabikorwa, ntabwo ari abacuruzi gusa. Kuberako kwihuta kuramba aribwo ushyiraho neza, rimwe, hanyuma ukibagirwa kubuzima bwimashini.