Urabona iri jambo rizenguruka muri spes hamwe nimpapuro zitanga amasoko kenshi ubu. 'Guhanga udushya' bifatanye n'ikintu cy'ibanze nk'amashanyarazi ya galvanised. Bituma uhagarara. Nukwamamaza gusa, cyangwa hari impinduka nyayo mubikorwa? Kuva ku ntebe yanjye, kuramba mu gufunga akenshi birasobanuka nabi. Ntabwo ari ibijyanye na zinc gusa kumutwe; bireba urunigi rwose-kuva kwiyuhagira aside mbere yo gushira kugeza kumazi yanduye nyuma, kandi niba koko iyo mbuto imara igihe kinini mumurima kugirango yemeze umusaruro wacyo. Benshi bibwira ko amashanyarazi ari 'icyatsi' kuko aribisanzwe kandi ntibikoresha imbaraga nyinshi kuruta gushyuha, ariko ibyo bifata urwego-rwo hejuru. Inkuru nyayo ni messier, irimo chimie, spike yingufu, hamwe nubwumvikane buke.

Inzira yo Gushiraho: Aho Ikibazo Kuramba Mubyukuri

Reka twinjire muri tank, nukuvuga. Umurongo usanzwe wa zinc electroplating kumurongo urimo urukurikirane rwo kwiyuhagiriramo: gusukura, gutoragura, gufata amasahani, chromating (kubyo kurangiza ubururu-bwerurutse cyangwa umuhondo iridescent birangira), hanyuma ukamesura. Impaka zirambye zikubita cyane kurwego rwo gutoragura, rukoresha hydrochloric cyangwa acide sulfurike kugirango ikureho ingese nubunini. Ibi bikora aside yakoreshejwe, imigezi ishobora guteza akaga. Guhanga udushya ntabwo biri mubisahani ubwabyo-ubwo ni ikoranabuhanga rimaze ibinyejana byinshi - ariko muburyo ucunga izi nzira zinyongera. Sisitemu yo gufunga-gufunga, urugero, irashobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ryamazi kugera kuri 90%. Nabonye ibimera aho byashyize mubikorwa kugarura ibyuka byo koga, gukurura zinc na aside bisubizwa mubisubizo. Nubuhanga butangaje, ariko bushora imari. ROI ipimwa mu myaka, ntabwo ari icya kane, ikaba igurishwa cyane kumaduka menshi yibanze ku ntera ntoya ku bice igihumbi.

Noneho hariho chromate ihinduka. Nintambwe itanga kurwanya kwangirika kwukuri, ikora urwego hejuru ya zinc. Chromium gakondo ya hexavalent ni ikintu gikomeye cyangiza ibidukikije nubuzima. Guhindukira kuri chromium trivale cyangwa nibindi bishya, chromium idafite passivasiyo nudushya twukuri kuramba. Ariko imikorere iringaniye iracyari intambara. Ndibuka igice cyimbuto zavuwe hamwe na chromium idafite pasivate itangwa nu mutanga wiburayi kugirango abisabe ku nkombe. Amasaha yo gupima umunyu yasaga neza kurupapuro, ariko raporo zumurima nyuma y amezi 18 zerekanye ingese yera itaragera. Tugomba kubikurura. Guhanga udushya twari duhari, ariko kwemeza kwisi kwari ntikwari. Byanyigishije ko 'birambye' bidashobora kuza kubiciro byo kunanirwa imikorere, cyane cyane mubikorwa byubaka.

Gukoresha ingufu nibindi bintu bicecekeye. Amashanyarazi ni inzira ya electrolytike, ikoresha amashanyarazi binyuze mubisubizo. Ikosora irashonje. Nabaye mubikoresho aho bahinduye uburyo bwo gukosora neza hamwe na pulse-reversing plaque, ishobora kubitsa zinc iringaniye hamwe ningufu nke n imyanda yibikoresho. Ni intambwe ihamye. Ariko niba ayo mashanyarazi aturuka mumashanyarazi akoreshwa namakara, muri rusange kubara ibirenge bya karubone biba bibi. Urashobora kugira umurongo wateye imbere cyane, zero-gusohora zeru, ariko niba ikoreshwa ningufu zanduye, ikirango 'kirambye' cyumva kituzuye. Aha niho hantu hagaragara. Uruganda ruherereye mukarere kavanze ingufu zisukuye, cyangwa umwe ushora imari kumirasire y'izuba, atangirana nibyiza.

Ibikoresho no Kuramba: Ibipimo Byirengagijwe

Kuramba ni urufatiro rwo kuramba kubikoresho byose. Ibinyomoro byangirika bikananirana mu myaka itanu, bisaba gusimburwa bityo bigakorwa byinshi, ntibisanzwe bidashoboka, nubwo umusaruro wabyo wasukuye gute. Aha niho guhitamo hagati ya electroplated na mehanic galvanizing (nka spin galvanizing) birashimishije. Electroplating itanga ubunini, busa neza, bukomeye kubudodo bwuzuye nibice byiza. Ariko kubintu biremereye cyane, byangirika cyane, ibidukikije byoroshye birashobora kuba inshingano. Nerekanye neza ashyushye-dip galvanised kubitaka byo munara nubwo binini cyane, bituzuye neza kuko kurinda ibitambo bimara igihe kirekire. 'Udushya' kuri electroplating hano hashobora kuba muburyo bwa alloy coatings-zinc-nikel, zinc-cobalt. Ibi bitanga imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa hamwe nububiko bworoshye. Twagerageje zinc-nikel zometse ku mbuto zatanzwe n’Ubuyapani utanga isoko, kandi ibisubizo byatewe n’umunyu byasunikaga amasaha 1000 kugeza ku ngese itukura, duhangana n’ibintu bishyushye. Ifatwa? Igiciro. Kwiyongera kwa nikel hamwe no kugenzura ubwogero bukomeye birashobora gukuba kabiri igiciro.

Indi nguni ni nut substrate ubwayo. Byumvikane shingiro, ariko ukoresheje umurongo uhoraho, wujuje ubuziranenge buke-karuboni yicyuma insinga ikora isi itandukanye. Substrate mbi itera ingaruka za hydrogène mugihe cyo gutoragura aside, hanyuma bigasaba guteka kugirango byoroherezwe - ikindi kiguzi cyingufu. Utanga isoko igenzura cyane ibikoresho byayo, nka Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd., ikorera mubushinwa bunini cyane bwihuta cyane, ifite inyungu yihariye. Kuba hafi y'urusyo rw'ibyuma hamwe n'umusaruro uhuriweho kuva gushushanya insinga kugeza gupakira (https://www.zitaifacens.com) itanga uburyo bwiza bwo gukurikirana no guhuza ubuziranenge. Ibi ntabwo ari udushya twinshi, ariko ni umusingi wumusaruro urambye: kubikora neza kunshuro yambere, kugabanya kwangwa no gukora.

Noneho hariho iherezo ryubuzima, ibyo umuntu wese mubitanga amasoko ya buri munsi avuga. Amashanyarazi ya zinc ni meza. Imyunyu ngugu irangiye, intoki yibyuma byongera gukoreshwa, kandi igishishwa cya zinc kizashonga. Ntabwo itera ikibazo cyanduye nkibifuniko bimwe bishobora. Ubu bushobozi bushobora kuzenguruka ni ingingo ituje mu nyungu zayo. Ariko nibisubirwamo; bibaho kuko biroroshye kandi byubukungu, ntabwo biterwa na sisitemu yo kugarura ibintu. Igishushanyo nyacyo-cyo-gusenya udushya mu gufunga biracyari byiza, cyane cyane mumodoka.

Ikiburanwa: Ingingo iringaniza, Igiciro, nicyatsi kibisi

Reka ngende mubihe nyabyo. Twashakishaga imbuto za M20 hex kumushinga wo kuzitira hanze mukarere gafite ikirere giciriritse. Icyifuzo cyasabye kurwanya ruswa yamasaha 500 atagira aho abogamiye. Umukiriya kandi yari afite ingingo nshya 'yatoranijwe irambye yibicuruzwa' muri RFP. Akabuto koroheje kari ubururu-bwera bwa electroplated zinc hamwe na chromate trivalent. Yahuye na spec, yari ihendutse, kandi dushobora gutobora 'irimo chromium itagira hexavalent'. Ariko ibyo byari udushya cyangwa birambye? Ntabwo aribyo. Byari bisanzwe bigezweho, byateye imbere gato.

Twasubije inyuma dusaba ubundi buryo: umubyimba muto cyane wa elegitoronike (tuvuge, 15μm aho kuba 8 mm) hamwe na chromium idafite organic passivate. Yongeyeho hafi 15% kubiciro byigice. Gutsindishirizwa byari biteganijwe ko ubuzima bumara igihe kirekire, kugabanya ukwezi gusimburwa. Ndetse twakoresheje agace gato ko kwipimisha byihuse. Amakuru yarayashyigikiye. Ariko itsinda ryamasoko yabakiriya ryamaganye kuzamuka kwambere. Umushinga wagumye hamwe nuburyo busanzwe. Isomo? Udushya tubaho muri laboratoire no muri kataloge-itekereza imbere, ariko kwakirwa ku isoko biterwa n'imitekerereze ya mbere. Kuramba bikeneye isesengura ryinyungu-yinyungu irenze gahunda yo kugura kwambere, kandi ibyo ni uguhindura umuco gahoro gahoro kuruta kuzamura umurongo.

Aha niho ababikora bafite igipimo bashobora gutwara impinduka. Isosiyete nka Zitai, hamwe nubunini bwayo hamwe nuburyo bwashyizwe hamwe muri Yongnian, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukuramo bimwe mubikorwa bya R&D nigishoro cyibikorwa bisukuye kandi ikabitanga mugihe cyo guhangana. Aho biherereye hafi yinzira nini zitwara abantu ntabwo zijyanye gusa nibikoresho byo kohereza ibicuruzwa; ni bijyanye no kugera ku isoko ryagutse rishobora kuba ryiteguye kwishyura amafaranga make kubikorwa byiza bigaragara. Umwirondoro wabo w’isosiyete uvuga ko bari mu mutima w’inganda zihuta mu Bushinwa-ko kwibanda akenshi bitera amarushanwa akaze ndetse no gukoresha vuba tekinike nshya iyo bigaragaye ko bifite imbaraga mu bukungu.

Icyemezo: Kwiyongera, Ntabwo ari Revolution

Noneho, subira kubibazo byumwimerere. Ese amashanyarazi ya galvanised nuts ni agashya karambye? Icyo mfata ni iki :. Amashanyarazi yatoranijwe ubwabo ntabwo ari udushya. Nibicuruzwa bikuze. Udushya turimo kubaho - kwiyongera, kutaringaniye - hafi yumusaruro w’ibidukikije no mu iterambere ry’imyenda igezweho. Turimo kubona uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga amazi mabi, icyiciro cya pasivi yuburozi, no gukoresha ingufu neza. Ibi nibikorwa bishya bituma ibicuruzwa bihari biramba.

Ikizamini nyacyo nukumenya niba ibyo byateye imbere bihinduka inganda shingiro cyangwa bikomeza guhitamo premium. Kugirango ibyo bishoboke, abakoresha-nyuma bakeneye guha agaciro no kwerekana ibiranga-shingiro-nka 'ushyizwe hamwe na chromate trivalent mu kigo gifite amazi ya zeru' - ntabwo ari igiciro gusa na label rusange 'icyatsi'. Irasaba kandi abayikora gukorera mu mucyo kubikorwa byabo, benshi ntibarabikora.

Mu kurangiza, kwita ibinyomoro bisanzwe byamashanyarazi 'guhanga udushya' akenshi birarambuye. Ariko inganda ziragenda, igice kimwe, tank ku kigega, kigana ku nganda zirambye. Ibinyomoro bisa kimwe mu gasanduku, ariko inkuru iri inyuma yayo ihinduka buhoro. Nibyo birashoboka ko isuzuma rifatika uzabona kumuntu umaze amasaha menshi asuzuma ibyemezo bya plaque na raporo zatsinzwe. Agashya kari mu gusya, ntabwo ari gloss.