Iibholithi zekhemikhali zilomeleza njani uzinzo? 

Xa usiva ‘uzinzo’ kulwakhiwo, mhlawumbi ucinga ngeepaneli zelanga okanye intsimbi ehlaziyiweyo. Iiankile zemichiza? Hayi okuninzi. Leyo yimbono yokuqala engalunganga ekufuneka ndiyifunde kwindawo. Indima yabo ayibonakali, kodwa isisiseko-ngokoqobo. Kumalunga nekhabhoni edibeneyo ongayisebenzisiyo, izakhiwo ongazidiliziyo, kunye nokusebenza kwexesha elide elithintela ukwenza. Makhe sinqumle i-greenwash kwaye sithethe malunga nokuba ezi zibophelelo ngokwenene zinegalelo njani kwindawo eyakhiweyo eyomelele ngakumbi kwaye isebenzise izixhobo.

UkuCinga ngokutsha ngokuSebenza kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye neNkunkuma

Elona khonkco lithe ngqo kukonga impahla. Ii-ankile zoomatshini eziqhelekileyo zihlala zifuna iiplate zesiseko ezinobukhulu obugqithisileyo okanye iindawo zokulungisa rhoqo ukuze zisasaze umthwalo, ngakumbi kwiisubstrates ezicela umngeni njengebhloko enomgongxo okanye ikhonkrithi eqhekekileyo. Ugqiba ukusebenzisa intsimbi eninzi. Ukulungiswa kweekhemikhali ngokufanelekileyo, njenge-epoxy okanye i-vinylester-based system, idala isenzo esidibeneyo kunye nezinto ezisisiseko. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungasebenzisa iibholiti ezimbalwa, ezincinci zodayamitha ukufezekisa umthamo ofanayo okanye ophezulu womthwalo. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi ye-facade retrofit apho ukutshintshela kwii-ankile zeekhemikhali kunciphise iindawo ezifunekayo ze-ankile malunga ne-30%. Oko kuncinci kwemathiriyeli ekrwada ekhutshiweyo, esetyenzisiweyo, kwaye ithuthwa. Ivakala ilula, kodwa kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu, loo manani ongeza ekunciphiseni okubalulekileyo kwekhabhoni.

Emva koko kukho umjelo wenkunkuma. Izikhonkwane zokwandiswa komatshini zithembele kwi-friction kunye nesenzo se-wedge, esinokubangela ukuqhekeka kwe-micro-cracking ngexesha lofakelo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuphazamisa i-substrate kunye nokukhokelela ekulungisweni kwexesha elizayo. I-ankile yoomatshini engaphumeleliyo idla ngokuthetha ukugrumba umngxuma omtsha, omkhulu kufutshane—ukudala inkunkuma yothuli lwekonkile kunye nomngxuma ongenamsebenzi, onezigcawu. Iinkqubo zemichiza, xa umngxuma ulungiswe ngokuchanekileyo, gcwalisa i-void ngokupheleleyo kunye nebhondi ngaphandle koxinzelelo olubanzi. Ukuba impazamo yofakelo yenzeka ngaphambi kokuba i-resin iseti, unokuhlala ucoca umngxuma kwaye uqale phantsi. Akukho monakalo oqhubekayo, akukho nto ichithwayo ye-substrate.

Kodwa ayilotshintsho olugqibeleleyo. Kufuneka ucinge ngekhatriji. Uninzi lwee-ankile zeekhemikhali ziza kwiiglasi ezimbini okanye ii-ampoules zeplastiki okanye iinkqubo zokutofa ngobuninzi. Inkunkuma evela kwiikhatriji zokusetyenziswa kunye yinkxalabo esebenzayo yokusingqongileyo. Abanye ababoneleli bajonge ukupakishwa okunokurisayikilishwa okanye ezinkulu, iikhithi ezininzi zemisebenzi emikhulu ukunciphisa lo mlinganiselo. Lurhwebo-off sisahamba ngayo. I ukuzinza Inzuzo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwezinto kunye nobomi obude buhlala buyodlula inkunkuma yokupakisha, kodwa ityhala abavelisi ukuba bavelise izinto ezintsha nalapha ngaphambili.

Ukwandiswa koBomi boLwakhiwo kunye nokuVumela iiRetrofits

Kulapho iibholithi zeekhemikhali zikhanya ngokwenene ukuzinza: zenza kwaye zikhusele ukuphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona kwezakhiwo ezikhoyo. Ukudilizwa kunzulu kakhulu ngekhabhoni. Esona sakhiwo siluhlaza sidla ngokuba seso sele simile. Sihlala sijongana nocelomngeni lokuncamathisela izinto ezintsha kwizinto ezindala, ezithandabuzekayo ngamanye amaxesha. Iiankile zoomatshini kwikhonkrithi endala inokuba yingcakazo ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olungaziwayo kunye nokubakho kokuqhekeka.

Ndisebenze kuguqulo lwesakhiwo se-ofisi yee-1970 apho uvavanyo olungundoqo lwekhonkrithi lubonise ukomelela koxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo. Ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-ankile yeekhemikhali esebenza kakhulu kusivumele ukuba sinyuse ngokukhuselekileyo iimodyuli ze-seismic bracing kunye nenkonzo ngaphandle kokuba ngundoqo kwii-slabs ezipheleleyo okanye songeze isakhelo esikhulu esongezelelweyo. I-resin idibanisa iindonga ze-borehole kwaye ayivakalelwa kakhulu kwiintanda ezincinci okanye i-porosity. Iphucule ngokufanelekileyo umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo wesakhiwo esikhoyo kwindawo yokudibanisa, ukwandisa ubomi obusebenzayo besakhiwo ngamashumi eminyaka. Olu luloyiso olukhulu lolondolozo lwezixhobo.

Kukho ijika lokufunda, nangona kunjalo. Awunakusuka nje uzimisele enye-nganye. Impumelelo ixhomekeke ekubambeleleni ngokungqongqo kwiinkqubo: ukucocwa komngxuma ngeebhrashi ezifanelekileyo kunye nomoya, ukuxubana okuchanekileyo ngombhobho omileyo, kunye nokuhlonipha amaxesha okunyanga ngokusekwe kubushushu. Ndibone ukungaphumeleli-kungekhona kwimveliso, kodwa kubasebenzi abagijimisa inyathelo lokucoca ngolwesiHlanu emva kwemini, beshiya uthuli olwaphula ibhondi. I Ii-bolts zekhemikhali yenziwe kanye njengoko i-chemistry iyalela; asizange sibambe isiphelo sethu. Oku kuthembeka, xa kufakwe ngokufanelekileyo, kuthintela ukufowunelwa, ukulungiswa, kunye nenkunkuma yezinto eziphathekayo phantsi komgca, eyona nto ingundoqo, ukuba ingahoywa, inkalo yokusebenza ezinzileyo.

Ukusebenza kwiiNdawo ezinoMngeni

Uzinzo lukwathetha ukomelela. Uqhagamshelo luhlala njani ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 kwigaraji yokupaka emanzi, kwibhulorho eselunxwemeni, okanye kumzi-mveliso? Umhlwa lutshaba lokuphila ixesha elide. Iintlaka ezininzi zeekhemikhali ze-anchor ziyakwazi ukumelana nokufuma kunye noluhlu lweekhemikhali xa sele zinyangile. Xa uzidibanisa ngentonga yensimbi engenasici (idla ngokuba yi-diameter encinci kuneyomatshini onokuthi uyifune), ufumana ukulungiswa okuqinileyo, okutywiniweyo. Isithintelo se-resin sikhusela intambo yentsimbi ecaleni kobunzulu bayo bokuzinzisa, hayi nje kumphezulu.

Oku kufike kugxininiso olubukhali kum kuphuculo lokucoca amanzi amdaka. Imekobume yayisoloko ifumile kwaye ingcolisa kancinci. I-spec ekuqaleni ibifuna iiankile zokwandiswa kwediphu eshushu. Sityhale utshintsho kwi-anchor yekhemikhali ye-vinylester ene-A4 stainless studs. Ixabiso lokuqala laliphezulu, kodwa uhlalutyo lweendleko zokuphila lubonise ixabiso layo. Siwuthintele umngcipheko wokubola kwemingxuma emva kwemikhono yokwandisa, enokukhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwentlekele kwindawo yenkqubo ebalulekileyo. Ukuthintela oko kusilela kwixesha elizayo-kunye nomsebenzi ongxamisekileyo, wokulungisa ilahleko obuya kuwufuna-kuligalelo elithe ngqo kulawulo lwempahla ezinzileyo.

Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba azikho zonke iirasi ezilinganayo. Iinkqubo ezisekwe kwiPolyester zinexabiso eliphantsi kodwa zinokuba brittle kwaye zibenokunyamezela ukufuma. Ukusetyenziswa okubalulekileyo, ubomi obude, i-epoxy okanye i-vinylester yindlela yokuya. Yinkcukacha ebalulekileyo. Ukuchaza imveliso eyiyo yokusingqongileyo kuthintela ukutshintshwa kwangaphambi kwexesha, okubandakanya umgaqo othi ‘ukuthenga okulungileyo, thenga kanye’ ekufuneka uxhase ulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo.

Ikhonkco loNikezo kunye neeNyaniso eziSebenzayo

Ukusuka kwimbono esebenzayo, iibhutsi-emhlabeni, ibali lozinzo likwabotshelelwa kulungiselelo kunye nokubonelela. Ukumanyanisa ukuthunyelwa kwezinto ezithunyelwayo, ukufumana uncedo kubavelisi abanemveliso esebenzayo, kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo ezikwisiza zonke zidlala indima. Ngokomzekelo, ukusebenza nomenzi okhethekileyo onenkqubo elungelelanisiweyo kunokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yemveliso ngokwayo.

Thatha inkampani efana I-Sunnian Zitai Festener Fishaner Comment Com.. Ngokusekwe eYongnian, eyona siseko sikhulu somgangatho wemveliso eTshayina, indawo yabo ekufuphi noololiwe abakhulu kunye nothungelwano lwendlela (https //wwww.ziitasteners.com) kuthetha ulungiselelo oludityanisiweyo lwemathiriyeli ekrwada nempahla egqityiweyo. Kwiprojekthi yehlabathi, ukufumana inkonkxa yee-ankile zeekhemikhali ezikhethekileyo kunye neziqhoboshi ezongezelelweyo zoomatshini kumthengisi omnye, odibeneyo ofana nalo kunokusebenza ngakumbi kunokudibanisa iiodolo ezivela kumazwekazi amaninzi. Ukuthunyelwa okumbalwa, amafutha amancinci. Ugxininiso lwabo njengesiseko somgangatho omkhulu wemveliso ihlala iqhuba umgangatho kunye nokuphucula inkqubo, enokuthi iguqulele kwimveliso engenamandla amancinci kwiyunithi nganye. Ayisiyonto yokuqala ocinga ngayo, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle komboneleli wakho kukugungqa kwichibi lempembelelo yeprojekthi.

Nangona kunjalo, oku kwazisa indawo yokukhangela ebalulekileyo: ulawulo lomgangatho. Ukusebenza-kwaye ngaloo ndlela inzuzo ezinzileyo-ye-anchor yeekhemikhali ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekubunjweni kwayo okuhambelanayo, umgangatho ophezulu. Ukwahluka kwe-batch-to-batch kwi-resin chemistry kunokuba yintlekele. Apha kulapho abavelisi abasekiweyo abaneeprothokholi ze-QA ezingqongqo zibalulekayo. Ukhetho oluzinzileyo alukho nje uhlobo lwemveliso; ngumthombo othembekileyo, othembekileyo waloo mveliso. Uqhagamshelo olungaphumeleliyo yinkcitho yokugqibela.

Owona Mfanekiso Mkhulu: Umalunga neNkqubo

Ekugqibeleni, iibholithi zeekhemikhali azisebenzi kwindawo engenanto. Ziyaphucula ukuzinza njengenxalenye yoyilo olucingisisiweyo kunye nenkqubo yokwakha. Bavumela ukukhanya, izisombululo ezisebenzayo ngakumbi, zikhusele iiretrofits ezibalulekileyo, kwaye zibonelele ngokuhlala ixesha elide, unxibelelwano lobomi obude. Kodwa bafuna ukuhlonelwa kwesayensi. Isakhono somfaki yinxalenye yemveliso.

Utshintsho lokwenyani lwenzeka xa abacacisi kunye neekontraka zisuka ekuziboneni njengenye into ekhawulezisa ukuziqonda njengeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni, icandelo elisekelwe kwikhemistri. Xa uyifumana ilungile, izibonelelo zicacile: izinto ezincinci ngaphakathi, inkunkuma encinci, kunye nesakhiwo esihlala sikhuselekile ixesha elide. Olo luhlobo olusebenzayo, olungathandekiyo, kodwa olusebenzayo ngokunzulu-uhlobo olugcina yonke enye into kunye.

Ke, ngexesha elizayo xa uphonononga iishedyuli ze-ankile, cinga ngaphaya kwexabiso elikhawulezayo lokukhupha. Cinga ngekhabhoni edibeneyo yokuzilungisa ngokwayo, amandla okunciphisa ezinye izinto, kunye namashumi eminyaka yenkonzo ekufuneka ibonelele. Kulapho ixabiso lokwenyani, elilukhuni lekhemikhali yokubambelela kwikamva elizinzileyo liba licace gca.