Uyabona lo mbuzo uvela kakhulu kuma-specs nama-RFQ. Wonke umuntu ufuna iphinikhodi eqinile futhi ebukeka kahle, evame ukucacisa ukucwenga kwe-zinc enemibala njengokuthi iwukuphela kwento eyodwa, engenangqondo. Iqiniso lihluke kakhulu. Lokho kucwebezela okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuphuzi, noma okumnyama akuwona nje upende; ungqimba oluguqukayo lwe-chromate ngaphezu kwe-zinc, futhi ukuqina kwayo kuncike ezintweni eziyishumi nambili abantu abavame ukungazinaki. Akukhona nje mayelana namahora wokufutha usawoti ephepheni ledatha.

Umbono Oyiphutha Oyinhloko: Umbala Ulingana Ukusebenza

Iningi labantu abathengayo, ngisho nonjiniyela abathile, babona umbala njengowokugcina. Bazocela iphinikhodi ye-zinc eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka becabanga ukuthi umbala ngokwawo unikeza ukumelana nokugqwala. Lona ugibe lokuqala. Umbala uyi-byproduct yenqubo ye-chromate—oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuvamile yi-chromate ekhanyayo, emnyama ingase ibe i-chromate emnyama, njalonjalo. Isihlangu sangempela siwugqinsi longqimba lwezinc olungaphansi, olulinganiswa ngama-microns, kanye nekhwalithi yophawu lwe-chromate. Ngibone izikhonkwane ezinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omuhle, ojulile zihluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuthi idiphozithi ye-zinc yayincane futhi inezimbotshana, noma i-chromate rinse yonakalisiwe. Umbala wawuphelele kuze kube yilapho ukugqwala okubomvu kuqhakaza ngaphansi.

Khona-ke kukhona substrate. Ukuqina kwephinikhodi kuqala isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokucwecwa. Uma wenza izikhonkwane kusuka ocingweni olusezingeni eliphansi, olungcolile olunokungapheleli kwendawo, ukucwenga kuzokhulisa lawo maphutha, hhayi ukuwafihla. Lokhu sakufunda kabuhlungu eminyakeni edlule eqoqweni lamaphini e-clevis efenisha yangaphandle. Imininingwane idinga ukuqedwa kwe-zinc emnyama. Zazibukeka zizinhle ngaphandle kwebhokisi, kodwa phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha endaweni esogwini, zase zigcwele ukugqwala okumhlophe nemigodi egqwalile. Ukuhlolwa kwesidumbu kubonise ukuthi inkinga bekungekona ukugeza okucwebezelayo ngese futhi, kodwa ikhwalithi yento engahambisani evela kumnikezeli wezintambo zocingo. I-plating ivele ilandele i-contours ye-subpar metal.

Ukulawula inqubo yikho konke. Izigaba zokuhlanza zangaphambi kokucwenga—ukwehlisa, ukucoshwa kwe-asidi—ngokungangabazeki zibaluleke kakhulu kunethange lokucwenga ngokwalo. Noma yimuphi uwoyela osele noma isikali se-oxide sivimbela ukunamathela okufanele kwe-zinc. Ngikhumbula ngivakashela imboni yokubopha izinto, njenge-Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd. phezulu e-Yongnian, e-Hebei—leso sifunda siyisikhungo esikhulu sokukhiqiza. Wawubona umehluko phakathi kwemigqa. Ezingcono zazinokuhlanza okuqinile kwezigaba eziningi kanye nokuwasha ngokuphelele. Imigqa eshibhile izonqamulela imijikelezo yokuhlanza. Umphumela? Izikhonkwane eziphumelele ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti esisheshayo samahora angu-24 kodwa zizobonisa amaphuzu okuhluleka ngemva kwemijikelezo embalwa yokushisa noma ukuhuzuka okuncane.

Lapho Ukuqina Kweqiniso Kuhlolwa Khona

Ezweni langempela, iphinikhodi ayihlali elebhu engathathi hlangothi. Iyaphathwa, ifakwe, mhlawumbe ihlangabezana nokungqubuzana, ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali, noma ukukhanya kwe-UV. Ukumelana ne-abrasion kukhulu. Leso sendlalelo se-chromate sizacile, ngokuvamile siyizingxenyana ze-micron. Uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lubandakanya ukuthi iphinikhodi isheyizelwe iphinde iphume esibhodleleni ngokuphindaphindiwe, leyo ndawo enemibala ekhangayo ingaguga ngokushesha, iveze i-zinc yomhlatshelo bese kuba yinsimbi eyisisekelo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isendlalelo se-zinc esijiyile esine-chromate ecacile noma ephuzi (evame ukujiya kancane) ingase idlule i-chromate emnyama ecwebezelayo, ngisho noma emnyama inesilinganiso esiphezulu sesifutho sikasawoti esilinganiselwe ekuhlolweni okumile.

Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali kungomunye umbulali othule. Cabanga ngemihlangano eseduze nezingxenye zamabhethri, noma emishinini lapho kusetshenziswa izinto zokuthambisa noma izincibilikisi zokuhlanza. Abanye abahlanzi be-alkaline bangakhumula izimbotshana ze-chromate zisuka nje. Sibe nekesi elinamaphinikhodi asetshenziswa kubakaki benzwa yezimoto. Bacacise iphinikhodi ye-zinc-plated eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuze kuvikelwe ukugqwala. Imboni yokuhlanganisa isebenzise uhlobo oluthile lwesicoci semboni engxenyeni yokugcina. Phakathi namasonto ambalwa, ukugqoka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwashintshashintsha futhi kwaba buthuntu. Inkinga bekungukungafani kwe-pH. Ifilimu ye-chromate ibingazinzile kuleyo ndawo yamakhemikhali athile. Ukulungiswa bekungeyona i-zinc plating engcono, kodwa ukushintshela kukhemistri ehlukile ye-chromate (i-passivate e-trivalent esikhundleni se-hexavalent) ebingangenisi amakhemikhali kuleso silungiselelo.

Khona-ke kukhona i-hydrogen embrittlement. Kumaphini ensimbi aqine kakhulu (ngaphezulu kuka-~40 HRC), inqubo ye-electroplating ingethula i-hydrogen ensimbi, iyenze ibe brittle futhi ijwayele ukuphuka kungazelelwe ngaphansi komthwalo. Lena akuyona inkinga yokuqina kwezimonyo; kungukwehluleka kokusebenza. Noma yimuphi umkhiqizi ohloniphekile osebenzelana nezikhonkwane eziqinile kufanele afake inqubo yokubhaka ngemva kokucwenga ukuze kukhishwe i-hydrogen. Yengeza izindleko nesikhathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-value-engineered out by abahlinzeki abasika amakhona. Hlala ubuza ukuthi ukubhaka kufakiwe yini izingxenye ezinamandla kakhulu. Akuxoxiswana ngakho.

Isibonelo se-Handan kanye Nokuhwebelana Okusebenzayo

Ukusebenza nabakhiqizi bevolumu ezindaweni ezinjenge-Yongnian District, ubona ukuhwebelana ngesikhathi sangempela. Inkampani efana I-Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing (ungathola ububanzi bawo kokuthi https://www.zitaifasteners.com) isethelwe isikali, esitholakala kwesokudla ngezixhumanisi ezinkulu zokuthutha. Inzuzo yabo iwukucutshungulwa okungaguquki, okuphezulu kwevolumu. Okwezinga iphinikhodi ye-zinc enemibala izinhlelo zokusebenza—cabanga ifenisha yangaphakathi, ukuxhumana okungabalulekile kwemishini, izinto zikagesi zabathengi—zingakwazi ukuletha umkhiqizo ongabizi kakhulu, wekhwalithi ehloniphekile. Ukuqina kuzoba kuhle ezindaweni zasendlini ezilungile.

Kodwa ngezicelo ezibucayi noma ezinzima, udinga ukuzibandakanya ngokujulile. Imayelana nokucacisa imininingwane: ubukhulu be-zinc (isb., 8-12μm min), uhlobo lwechromate (isb., i-chromate emnyama yokugqwala okungcono kancane, i-iridescent yobuhle), kanye ne-post-plating sealant noma ijazi eliphezulu. Yebo, i-organic coating ecacile phezu kwe-zinc plating ingakhuphula kakhulu imihuzuko kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali. Yengeza esinye isinyathelo kanye nezindleko, kodwa iguqula impilo yengxenye ensimini. Kungumehluko phakathi kwephinikhodi yethoyizi lengane kanye nephinikhodi yokulingana kwedekhi yasolwandle.

Ukuhlaziya ukwehluleka kunguthisha wakho ongcono kakhulu. Sake sathola iqoqo lezikhonkwane eziphuzi ze-zinc-plated cotter ukuze senze umenzi wezinto zezolimo. Imibiko yasensimini iqhamuke nokugqwala okukhulu ngemuva kwesizini eyodwa. Ukuhlaziywa kwelebhu kubonise ukuthi isendlalelo se-chromate sasingathuthukisiwe, cishe sasingekho ezindaweni. Okuphuzi kwakungudayi kakhulu. Imbangela? Ibhavu ekhathele yekhromethi umphakeli ubezama ukuyelula. Isifundo: themba kodwa uqinisekise. Ukuhlola komuntu wesithathu kumasampuli angahleliwe kusuka kumaqoqo okukhiqiza kuwumshuwalense oshibhile. Unganciki nje kusitifiketi sokugaya.

Ngakho-ke, Sithini Isinqumo Sokuqina?

Kunombandela. Okwenziwe kahle i-zinc-plated pin shaft nge-chromate conversion coating efanele iqinile ngokwanele uxhaxha olukhulu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okuhle kokugqwala komhlatshelo kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa okuhloniphekile. Isiphetho esinombala sinikeza umgoqo oyisisekelo kanye nenzuzo yobuhle. Kodwa imingcele yayo icacile: ukuhuzuka njalo, ama-asidi aqinile noma ama-alkali, izindawo ezishisa kakhulu, kanye nokucwiliswa kwamanzi anosawoti okuqhubekayo kuzoyinqoba.

Uma udinga okwengeziwe, ukhuphukela ku-plating ngomshini (ongcono kumajamo ayinkimbinkimbi, ubungozi obuncane be-embrittlement), noma ama-coatings afana ne-geomet noma i-dacromet, noma ekugcineni, insimbi engagqwali. Kodwa ngezindleko, iphinikhodi ye-zinc-plated kunzima ukuyishaya. Okubalulekile ukuphatha okulindelekile nokucacisa ngendlela efanele. Ungavele ubhale i-zinc eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Cacisa ibanga lezinto eziyisisekelo, amandla aqinile, ukujiya kwe-zinc okuncane, inqubo ye-chromate (isb., ISO 4042, ASTM B633 Type II), kanye nanoma yikuphi ukwelapha okudingekile kwangemuva njengokubhaka noma ukuvala.

Ekugcineni, ukuqina akuyona impahla yombala. Kuyimpahla yalo lonke uchungechunge lokukhiqiza—kusuka esigayweni sezintambo kuya ekubunjweni, ukwelashwa kokushisa, ikhemikhali yokucwenga, nokulawula inqubo. Iphinikhodi elivela kumkhiqizi onezincazelo eziqinile lingahlala iminyaka. Iphinikhodi ebukeka ngendlela efanayo evela esitolo esithambile ingase ingaphumeleli ehlobo eliswakeme. Umehluko usemininingwaneni ongakaze uyibone ize ihluleke.