Amabhawodi kagesi: ayasebenza ukuze asetshenziswe ngaphandle? 

Ubona lo mbuzo uvela kuma-specs nama-RFQ ngaso sonke isikhathi. Impendulo emfushane, ehehayo imvamisa ithi yebo, ifakwe zinc, ilungile. Kodwa uma ubusendaweni ubukele iminyaka yesakhiwo, noma okubi nakakhulu, ubhekana nokuphinda ushaye ucingo ekuxhumekeni okuhlulekile, uyazi ukuthi akuvamile ukuthi kube lula kangako. Impendulo yangempela itholakala emininingwaneni yendawo ezungezile, ikhwalithi yokucwenga, futhi ngokungagwegwesi, ukuthi ukusimama kusho ukuthini ngesikhathi sokuphila kwephrojekthi kanye nokuba yizwi lokuwasha luhlaza. Ake sikukhiphe lokho.

Ukukhanga kanye Neqiniso Longqimba Lwezinc

I-Electro-galvanizing iyathandeka ngesizathu. Ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu kune-hot-dip galvanizing futhi inikeza isiphetho esihlanzekile, esibushelelezi esibukeka kahle ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Inqubo ihilela ukufaka i-electroplating ungqimba lwe-zinc ku-fastener yensimbi. Imethrikhi eyisihluthulelo wonke umuntu ayijikijela ukujiya koqweqwe, imvamisa ihloselwe cishe ama-microns angu-5-8 kumabhawudi avamile anama-electro-galvanized. Lesi sendlalelo sinikeza ukuvikeleka kwesithiyo. Ivikela ngokoqobo insimbi kumswakama nomoya.

Kodwa nansi i-hiccup yokuqala esebenzayo: lolo ungqimba luncane. Futhi ayiboshiwe nge-metallurgically njengase-hot-dip. Ngike ngabona amaqoqo lapho ukugqoka kwakungalingani, ikakhulukazi emicu nangaphansi kwekhanda-zona kanye izindawo lapho ukucindezeleka kugxila khona. Umphakeli angase afune ukuhambisana ne-ASTM B633, asho, Uhlobo 2 lwe-SC, kodwa ngaphandle kokulawulwa kwenqubo okungaguquki, uthola izindawo ezibuthakathaka. Inkampani efana I-Handan Zitai Fetesser Comment Co, Ltd., esekelwe kuhabhu enkulu yokukhiqiza yase-China e-Yongnian, e-Hebei, ingaba namandla okugijima amakhulu, kodwa umsebenzi uphezu komthengi ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwekhwalithi yezinto ezisebenza ngaphandle, hhayi nje ukukucabanga.

Ngakho, ishede engadini endaweni eyomile? Mhlawumbe kuhle iminyaka. Kuvulandi ogwini lolwandle, insiza yebhuloho endaweni enezimvula, noma yisiphi isakhiwo esinemijikelezo yokomisa emanzi? Lowo mgoqo omncane, okungenzeka ukuthi awuphelele uba isixhumanisi esibuthakathaka. Isimangalo sokusimama siqala ukuqhekeka lapho umkhiqizo udinga ukushintshwa ngeminyaka emi-5.

Izindlela Zokugqwala: Akukhona Ukugqwala Nje

Abantu bacabanga ukugqwala kwangaphandle bese befaka isithombe. Iqiniso lisendaweni kakhudlwana futhi linonya. Ababulali ababili abakhulu bezinsimbi ezifakwe ugesi ngaphandle ukugqwala okumhlophe nokugqwala kwe-galvanic.

Ukugqwala okumhlophe yilokho okufaka impushana emhlophe ku-zinc. Kwenzeka lapho i-zinc coating ihlale imanzi futhi ayikwazi ukwakha i-patina yayo evikelekile (i-zinc carbonate). Ezindaweni ezivikelekile ezingaphandle lapho amanzi ehlala khona—njengaphakathi kwezindawo eziboshiwe noma ezimbotsheni zamabhawodi ezingakhishiwe—i-zinc igqwala ngokuzidela nangokushesha. Ngike ngahlukanisa phakathi kwamasizini amabili ukuze ngithole i-zinc iningi iguqulelwe ekubeni impushana emhlophe, okushiya insimbi icishe ingenalutho.

I-Galvanic corrosion ingumbulali othule. Bhanqa ibhowudi yensimbi e-electro-galvanized enefreyimu ye-aluminium, noma okubi nakakhulu, ithusi noma insimbi engagqwali, phambi kwe-electrolyte (amanzi emvula anele), futhi udala ibhethri. I-zinc, njengoba i-anodic eyengeziwe, igqwala ngokushesha ukuze ivikele enye insimbi. Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi ngisebenzisa Ama-bolts akwakhelwa nge-electro-galvanized ukuze uvikele i-copper flashing trim. I-spec yashesha. Phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-18, amakhanda ebhawodi amosheka kakhulu, kwaphazamisa ukulungiswa. Ukulungiswa kwaba indawo egcwele, ebizayo esikhundleni sensimbi engagqwali evalekile. Ukongiwa kokuqala kwaqedwa.

Ubuqotho Bokumboza kanye nenkinga yochungechunge

Iphoyinti elithile lobuhlungu imicu. Inqubo ye-electroplating ingashiya i-brittle, i-high-build coating ku-thread crests. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, lokhu kunamathela kungakwazi ukucwilisa noma kuhlakazeke. Manje usunesikhuphukeli sengcindezi esinokuvikela ukugqwala okuyiziro. Siqale ukucacisa okokuguqulwa kwe-chromate (i-iridite ephuzi noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) kumabhawodi anamagesi kagesi ukuze sivikeleke kakhudlwana, kodwa nalokho kumane kuwungqimba lwe-passivation ku-zinc, hhayi ukulungisa umonakalo wokusebenza. Ukwehlisa ibhawodi kungayikhuhla kumantongomane noma umgodi othephwe.

I-Case in Point: Iphrojekthi Yocingo Olungabizi kakhulu

Isibonelo esiphathekayo kusukela eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Ipaki likamasipala lalifuna ukufaka amakhulu amamitha othango lwensimbi yeshubhu. Isabelomali besiqinile. I-spec ibize amabhawodi anamathani. Usonkontileka, ehlose ukuthola ibhidi ephansi kakhulu, uthole amabhawodi ashibhile kagesi, okungenzeka kumkhiqizi omkhulu. Babebukeka becwebezela ekufakweni.

Ukusheshisa phambili iminyaka emithathu, endaweni enesimo sezimboni esimaphakathi kanye nesifutho sikasawoti esisemgwaqweni ebusika. Amafreyimu othango ayelungile (idiphu elishisayo lifakwe uthayela), kodwa wonke amakhanda ebhawodi namantongomane kwakuyinhlakanhlaka yokugqwala okubomvu noqweqwe olumhlophe. Ukugqwala kwakukubi kangangokuthi amanye amantongomane ashaqwa, okudinga ukuba kukhishwe ama-engeli grinder ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa. Isici sokusimama bekungu-zero—ukumosheka okukhulu kwabasebenzi nezinto zokwakha zokulungisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukube i-spec ibize ngokusobala izibophelelo ze-hot-dip galvanized (HDG) ukuze zifane nendwangu yocingo, noma okungcono nakakhulu, ukugalela uthango ngomshini wokuhlanganisa intambo engaguquki, umjikelezo wempilo ubuzophindeka kabili noma kathathu kalula.

Yilapho imininingwane yokutholwa ibalulekile khona. Indawo yomkhiqizi, njenge-Zitai Fastener eseduze nemizila emikhulu yezokuthutha (i-Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Expressway), ikhuluma nokusebenza kahle kwezinto, hhayi ukufaneleka komkhiqizo. Udinga ukumba izilawuli zabo zenqubo ethile ye-electro-galvanizing yangaphandle, uma beyinikeza njengomugqa womkhiqizo ozinikele.

I-Electro-Galvanized ingasebenza nini ngaphandle?

Akuyona yonke inhlekelele nobumnyama. Kukhona ama-niches. Isinqumo sesinqumo seza ngobunzima bemvelo kanye nokufinyeleleka kokunakekelwa.

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle zangaphakathi noma ezivikeleke ngokugcwele (njengangaphakathi kwesistimu ye-truss yophahla enomoya ovikelekile esimweni sezulu esiqondile), i-electro-galvanized yanele ngokuphelele. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo kwanele ngokumelene nomswakama womkhathi wodwa.

Esinye isimo esenzelwe izakhiwo zesikhashana zangaphandle ezihloselwe ukuhlakazwa futhi ziphinde zisetshenziswe esikhathini esifushane, ake sithi iminyaka engu-1-3. Ukuqedwa okubushelelezi kwenza ukuphatha kube lula. Futhi, uma i-fastener izopendiwa ngokulandelayo noma ifakwe impushana njengengxenye yomhlangano, isendlalelo se-electro-galvanized sinikeza ukhiye omuhle, ohlanzekile wesistimu kapende futhi sengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela. Kodwa uhlelo lokupenda kufanele luqine futhi lusetshenziswe ngendlela efanele—ukuklwebheka ngesikhathi sokufakwa noma isevisi kuzodala amaphuzu agxile ekugqwaleni.

Isinqumo: I-Sustainable iwumsebenzi we-Lifecycle

Ngakho-ke, buyela embuzweni owumgogodla. Ingabe amabhawudi anagesi kagesi azinzile ukuze asetshenziswe ngaphandle? Ukuthatha kwami, kusukela ekubambeni ngokuphindaphindiwe nalokhu kukhetha, yilokhu: angaba, kodwa ngaphansi kwesethi emincane kakhulu yezimo ezivame ukungahlangatshezwana nazo ekucacisweni kwangaphandle okuvamile.

Ukusimama kwangempela kusho ukukhetha impahla efanele yempilo yesevisi elindelwe kanye nendawo ukuze kugwenywe ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokushintshwa. Kuzicelo eziningi zangaphandle ezidinga kakhulu - ogwini, umswakama ophezulu, izimboni, ukuchayeka kukasawoti e-icing, noma izakhiwo ezihlala njalo - izibophelelo ezijwayelekile ze-electro-galvanized ziyinketho enobungozi obukhulu. Izinketho ezisimeme kakhulu yi-hot-dip galvanized, galvanized galvanized, noma insimbi engagqwali (njenge-304 noma 316, kuye ngokuchayeka kwe-chloride). Izindleko zabo zangaphambili eziphezulu zehliswa phezu kwempilo yesevisi ende, engenakulungiswa.

Umcabango wokugcina: cacisa njalo ngokunemba. Ungagcini nje ngokubhala amagalani. Cacisa inqubo (isb., i-ASTM A153 ye-hot-dip), ukujiya kokumboza, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukwelapha okungeziwe. Futhi kumajoyinti abalulekile, cabangela ukuhlolwa kwendawo kweqoqo lokuqala lezixhumi. Ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti esisheshayo nge-ASTM B117 ngayinye, noma isheke lamahora angama-96 nje kuphela, lingadalula okuningi mayelana nekhwalithi yomphakeli uma kuqhathaniswa nesimangalo sekhathalogi. Kusindisa umhlaba wezinhlungu zekhanda kamuva, kuguqule isimangalo sokusimama kwethiyori sibe iqiniso elingokoqobo, elingokoqobo.