Electroprated galvanized kwayoyi: ci gaba mai dorewa? 

Kuna ganin wannan kalmar tana yawo a cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai da takaddun siyayya akai-akai yanzu. 'Bidi'a mai dorewa' haɗe zuwa wani abu mai tushe kamar na goro galvanized electroplated. Yana sa ka dakata. Shin tallace-tallace ne kawai, ko akwai canji na gaske a cikin tsari? Daga benci na, dorewa a cikin fasteners sau da yawa ana rashin fahimta. Ba wai kawai game da zinc akan zaren ba; shi ne game da dukan sarkar-daga acid wanka kafin plating zuwa sharar gida ruwa bayan, da kuma ko cewa goro a zahiri yana dadewa a cikin filin don tabbatar da samar da sawun. Mutane da yawa suna ɗaukan electroplating shine zaɓi na 'koren kore' saboda yana da na kowa kuma yana da ƙarancin albarkatu fiye da tsoma-zafi, amma wannan matakin ɗauka ne. Ainihin labarin ya fi muni, ya haɗa da sinadarai, ƙara kuzari, da wasu matsananciyar sulhu.

Tsarin Plating: Inda Tambayar Dorewa take Rayuwa da gaske

Bari mu shiga cikin tanki, don yin magana. Layin lantarki na zinc na yau da kullun don kwayoyi ya ƙunshi jerin wanka: tsaftacewa, pickling, plating, chromating (don wannan ƙarshen shuɗi mai haske ko rawaya), kuma a ƙarshe kurkura. Muhawarar dorewa ta faɗo da ƙarfi a matakin tsinke, wanda ke amfani da hydrochloric ko sulfuric acid don cire tsatsa da sikeli. Wannan yana haifar da kashe acid, rafi mai haɗari mai haɗari. Ƙirƙirar ba ta cikin plating kanta ba - wannan fasaha ce ta ƙarni - amma ta yadda kuke gudanar da waɗannan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa. Tsarin wanke madauki, alal misali, na iya rage amfani da ruwa da kashi 90%. Na ga tsire-tsire inda suka aiwatar da farfadowa na evaporative don wanka na plating, suna jawo zinc da acid a cikin bayani. Yana da aikin injiniya mai ban sha'awa, amma yana da babban jari. Ana auna ROI a cikin shekaru, ba kwata-kwata ba, wanda shine siyar mai wahala ga shaguna da yawa da aka mayar da hankali kan raƙuman bakin ciki a cikin guda dubu.

Sa'an nan kuma akwai murfin juyawa na chromate. Wannan shine matakin da ke ba da juriya na ainihi na lalata, yana samar da Layer a saman zinc. Hexavalent chromium passivate na gargajiya babban haɗari ne na muhalli da lafiya. Juya zuwa ga chromium trivalent ko ma sabo, shaci mara chromium shine ingantaccen ci gaba mai dorewa. Amma daidaiton aiki har yanzu yaƙi ne. Na tuna wani nau'in goro da aka yi da shi tare da passivate mara amfani da chromium daga mai ba da kayayyaki na Turai don aikace-aikacen bakin teku. Sa'o'in gwajin gishiri sun yi kyau a takarda, amma rahotannin filin bayan watanni 18 sun nuna tsatsa da wuri. Dole ne mu ja su. Ƙirƙirar ta kasance a can, amma tabbatar da gaskiyar duniya ba ta kasance ba. Ya koya mani cewa 'dorewa' ba zai iya zuwa a farashin gazawar aiki ba, musamman a aikace-aikacen tsarin.

Amfanin makamashi shine sauran abin shiru. Electroplating wani tsari ne na electrolytic, yana gudana kai tsaye ta hanyar maganin. Masu gyara suna jin yunwa. Na kasance a cikin wuraren da suka canza zuwa ga masu gyaran gyare-gyare masu mahimmanci da ƙwanƙwasa bugun jini, wanda zai iya ajiye zinc fiye da ko'ina tare da ƙarancin makamashi da sharar gida. Mataki ne mai tsauri. Amma idan wutar lantarkin ta fito ne daga grid mai wuta, gabaɗayan lissafin sawun carbon ɗin ya yi duhu. Kuna iya samun mafi ci gaba, layin plating sifili, amma idan makamashi mai ƙazanta ne ke ƙarfafa shi, alamar 'dorewa' yana jin bai cika ba. A nan ne wurin da ya dace. Maƙerin da ke cikin yanki mai tsaftataccen mahaɗar makamashi, ko wanda ke saka hannun jari a cikin hasken rana, yana farawa da ingantaccen tushe.

Material da Tsawon Rayuwa: Ma'aunin da Ba a Kula da shi ba

Dorewa shine ginshiƙin dorewa ga kowane kayan aiki. Kwayar da ke lalacewa kuma ta kasa cikin shekaru biyar, tana buƙatar sauyawa kuma don haka ƙarin masana'anta, ba ta dawwama a zahiri, komai tsaftar samar da ita. Wannan shi ne inda zabi tsakanin electroplated da inji galvanizing (kamar spin galvanizing) samun ban sha'awa. Electroplating yana ba da siriri, ƙarin sutura iri ɗaya, mai girma don madaidaicin zaren da sassa na ado. Amma ga ma'auni mai nauyi, yanayin lalata, wannan bakin bakin na iya zama abin alhaki. Na ayyana galvanized mai zafi-tsoma don watsa hasumiya na goro duk da kauri, ƙasa da cikakkiyar sutura saboda kariyar hadaya kawai tana daɗe. 'Ƙirƙirar' don yin amfani da lantarki a nan na iya kasancewa a cikin kayan haɗin gwal-zinc-nickel, zinc-cobalt. Waɗannan suna ba da juriya na lalata mai ban mamaki tare da adibas na sirara. Mun gwada zinc-nickel plated goro daga mai siyar da Jafananci, kuma sakamakon fesa gishiri yana tura sa'o'i 1000 zuwa jajayen tsatsa, yana fafatawa da wasu ƙayyadaddun bayanai masu zafi. Kama? Farashin Ƙarin nickel da ƙarin hadadden sarrafa wanka na iya ninka farashin.

Wani kusurwa kuma shine substrate na goro kanta. Yana da sauti na asali, amma yin amfani da daidaitaccen sandar waya mai ƙarancin carbon karfe mai inganci yana haifar da bambanci. Ƙarƙashin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana haifar da haɗarin haɓakar hydrogen yayin zabar acid, wanda sannan yana buƙatar yin burodi don sauƙaƙewa-wani farashin makamashi. Mai kawo kaya mai tsananin iko akan albarkatun sa, kamar Hannun Zetai Mretering co., Ltd., wanda ke aiki a cikin babban tushen samar da fastener na kasar Sin, yana da fa'ida ta asali. Kusancinsu zuwa injinan ƙarfe da haɗaɗɗen samarwa daga zanen waya zuwa marufi (https://www.zitaifaseners.com) yana ba da damar mafi kyawun ganowa da daidaiton inganci. Wannan ba bidi'a bane mai walƙiya, amma tushe ne don ci gaba mai dorewa: yin shi daidai a karon farko, rage ƙin yarda da sake yin aiki.

Sa'an nan akwai la'akari da ƙarshen rayuwa, wanda da wuya kowa ya yi magana game da sayayya na yau da kullum. Electroplated zinc yana da ɗanɗano mara kyau. A ƙarshen goro na rayuwa, ana samun sauƙin sake yin amfani da ƙarfe na ƙarfe, kuma murfin zinc zai narke a cikin narkewa. Ba ya haifar da matsala mai lalacewa kamar yadda wasu sutura za su iya. Wannan yuwuwar madauwari wuri ne mai shuru a cikin tagomashin sa. Amma sake amfani da m; yana faruwa ne saboda yana da sauƙi da kuma tattalin arziki, ba saboda tsarin farfadowa da aka tsara ba. Ƙirƙirar ƙira ta gaskiya-don-kwarkwasa a cikin masu ɗaure har yanzu tana da kyau, galibi a cikin mota.

Shari'a a cikin Ma'ana: Daidaita Kuɗi, Takaddun Takaddun, da Koren Da'awar

Bari in yi tafiya cikin wani yanayi na gaske. Muna neman M20 hex goro don aikin shinge na waje a cikin yanki mai matsakaicin yanayin masana'antu. Ƙididdiga ta yi kira ga juriya na lalata na sa'o'i 500 na gishiri mai tsaka tsaki. Har ila yau abokin ciniki yana da sabon 'samfurin da aka fi so' a cikin RFP. Maɓallin mai sauƙi shine daidaitaccen tutiya mai haske mai shuɗi mai haske tare da chromate trivalent. Ya haɗu da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, yana da arha, kuma za mu iya yin alama akwatin 'ba shi da hexavalent chromium'. Amma shin da gaske wannan sabon abu ne ko mai dorewa? Ba da gaske ba. Matsayin yanzu ne kawai, an inganta shi kaɗan.

Mun ja baya muka ba da shawarar wani madadin: wani ɗan kauri mai kauri mai kauri (ce, 15μm maimakon 8μm) tare da chromium-free Organic passivate. Ya kara kusan 15% zuwa farashin naúrar. Tabbacin ya kasance annabta tsawon rayuwar sabis, yana rage sake zagayowar. Har ma mun gudanar da ƙaramin tsari don saurin gwaji. Bayanan sun goyi bayan shi. Amma ƙungiyar sayayyar abokin ciniki ta yi watsi da karuwar farashi na gaba. Aikin ya tsaya tare da daidaitaccen zaɓi. Darasi? Ƙirƙirar tana wanzuwa a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje da kuma a cikin kasidu masu tunani na gaba, amma karɓowar kasuwa yana da ƙima ta hanyar tunanin farashi na farko. Dorewa yana buƙatar nazarin fa'ida mai tsada wanda ya wuce tsarin siyan farko, kuma wannan shine canjin al'ada a hankali fiye da kowane haɓaka layin plating.

Wannan shine inda masana'antun da sikelin zasu iya fitar da canji. Kamfani kamar Zitai, tare da ƙarar sa da haɗaɗɗen saiti a Yongnian, yana da yuwuwar ɗaukar wasu R&D da ƙimar babban kuɗi don hanyoyin tsaftacewa da ba da su a mafi gasa. Wurin da suke kusa da manyan hanyoyin sufuri ba kawai game da kayan aiki don jigilar goro ba; Hakanan game da samun dama ga kasuwa mai faɗi wanda ƙila a shirye don biyan kuɗi kaɗan don ingantattun ayyuka. Bayanan martabar kamfanoninsu sun lura cewa suna cikin tsakiyar masana'antar haɓakar masana'antar China - cewa maida hankali kan haɓaka gasa mai zafi da saurin ɗaukar sabbin fasahohi da zarar sun tabbatar da tattalin arziƙi.

Hukuncin: Ƙaruwa, Ba Juyin Juyi ba

Don haka, koma ga ainihin tambayar. Shin goro na galvanized electroplated sabon abu ne mai dorewa? Abinda na dauka shine: da kwayoyi galvanized kwayoyi kansu ba bidi'a ba ne. Su ne balagagge samfur. Ƙirƙirar tana faruwa-ƙari, ba daidai ba-a kusa da tsarin samar da su da kuma haɓakar suturar ci gaba. Muna ganin ingantacciyar sarrafa ruwan sharar gida, kawar da gurɓataccen abu, da ingantaccen amfani da makamashi. Waɗannan sabbin abubuwa ne na tsari waɗanda ke sa samfurin da ke akwai ya fi dorewa.

Gwajin gaskiya shine ko waɗannan haɓakawa sun zama tushen masana'antu ko kuma sun kasance zaɓuɓɓukan ƙima. Don hakan ya faru, masu amfani na ƙarshe suna buƙatar ƙima da ƙayyadaddun halayen da ke ƙasa-kamar 'plated tare da chromate trivalent a cikin kayan aiki tare da fitar da ruwa mai sifili'-ba kawai farashi da lakabin 'kore' kawai ba. Hakanan yana buƙatar masana'antun su kasance masu gaskiya game da hanyoyin su, waɗanda da yawa har yanzu ba su kasance ba.

A ƙarshe, kiran daidaitaccen goro mai amfani da wutar lantarki da ake kira 'sautainable bidi'a' shine sau da yawa shimfidawa. Amma masana'antar tana motsawa, yanki-yanki, tanki ta tanki, zuwa ƙarin masana'anta mai dorewa. Kwayar tana kama da wannan a cikin akwatin, amma labarin da ke bayansa yana canzawa a hankali. Wannan ita ce ƙima mafi haƙiƙan gaske da za ku samu daga wanda ya shafe sa'o'i da yawa yana nazarin takaddun shaida da rahotannin gazawa. Bidi'a tana cikin niƙa, ba mai sheki ba.