
2026-02-20
Mukumva zoletsa kumasula ndipo nthawi yomweyo mukuganiza zotsekera kapena zotsekera, sichoncho? Ndiwo msampha wamba. Kukambirana kwenikweni sikungoletsa bawuti kutembenuka; ndi za kuyang'anira kuwola kwa clamp m'malo onjenjemera, oyenda panjinga yotentha pazaka 15 za moyo wa makina. Kukhazikika pano si nkhani yongonena chabe—ndipo kupewa kulephera msanga, kupewa kuwononga mphamvu ndi zinthu zongowononga nthawi zonse kapena kuzisintha, ndipo moona mtima, kuyimitsa kutha kwa nthawi yopuma. Zokambirana zambiri zimaphonya kuti cholumikizira ndi gawo limodzi chabe la dongosolo lolumikizana. Ngati mapangidwe kapena kukhazikitsa kuli kolakwika, ngakhale ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri sungathe kuzisunga.
Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yanga yokonza makina olemetsa, tinkathamangitsa kumasulidwa koyambitsa kugwedezeka mwa kungogwedeza mabawuti olimba. Kulakwitsa kwachikale. Kuthamanga mopitirira muyeso kumatambasula bawuti, zomwe zingayambitse kupsinjika kwa dzimbiri kapena kungoyimitsa kulimba kwake - kuthekera kwake kuchita ngati kasupe ndikusunga mphamvu yoletsa. Cholinga chake ndi cholemetsa chokhazikika, chodalirika chomwe chimalimbana ndi kudzimasula. Ndimakumbukira chimango choyendetsa galimoto chomwe chimadzigwedeza chokha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Tinayesa mtedza wa flange, womwe unagwira ntchito ... kwa miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Nkhani inali yopakidwa utoto, malo okwerera osagwirizana omwe amapanga kugawa kosagwirizana. Mtedza sunalephere; mamangidwe ogwirizana anachita.
Ndipamene ntchito yeniyeni imayambira. Muyenera kuyang'ana mgwirizano wonse: kalasi ya katundu wa fastener, flange flatness, kuuma kwa zipangizo zomangika. Chotsukira chowumitsidwa pansi pa nati wokhazikika panyumba yofewa ya aluminiyamu ndikungopempha kuti atseke ndi kutaya katundu. Tidaphunzira kutchulanso zojambula zolumikizana, kuwerengera mayendedwe opindika. Zimamveka zamaphunziro, koma ndi kusiyana pakati pa cholumikizira chomwe chimapulumuka ndi chomwe chimakhala mutu wovuta.
Apa ndipamene opanga omwe amapeza njira yadongosolo amawonekera. Ndinkafuna ogulitsa omwe angalankhule zambiri kuposa miyezo ya DIN, ndipo adapeza Malingaliro a kampani Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd.. Malo awo ku Yongnian, malo opangira zinthu zazikuluzikulu, zikutanthauza kuti awona zonse. Zomwe zinali zothandiza sizinali zolemba zawo zokha, koma zolemba zawo zamaumisiri pazogwiritsa ntchito. Ndi chinthu chimodzi kugulitsa a nati ya torque yomwe ilipo; Ndi chinanso chosonyeza nthawi yoti mugwiritse ntchito choyikapo nayiloni motsutsana ndi ulusi wopunduka wachitsulo wotengera kutentha ndi zofunikira zogwiritsanso ntchito. Zothandiza, zozikidwa pa zochitika ndi golide.
Ma Threadlockers ali ndi malo awo-otsika mpaka apakatikati, malo osindikizidwa. Koma pa chofukula migodi kapena nsanja yamphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja? Ziyiwaleni. UV, kutentha kwambiri, mafuta, ndi kugwedezeka kwakukulu kumaphwanya zomatira. Kuti mukhale okhazikika, mukufuna makina osinthika, ogwiritsidwanso ntchito. Tinayesa zosankha zosiyanasiyana pa seti ya jenereta ya dizilo.
Mtedza wotchinga pamwamba wokhala ndi ulusi wopunduka unkagwira ntchito bwino kumalo ofikirika koma unali ululu m’mipata yothina. Tinali ndi zotsatira zabwino za nthawi yayitali makina ochapira ma wedge. Mfundoyi ndi yophweka: makamera okhala ndi angled pa washers amakumba mkati, kupanga mphamvu yotsutsana ndi kuzungulira. Chofunikira, komabe, ndikuyika koyenera - amangogwira ntchito yomwe akufuna. Ndawonapo antchito akumenya kumbuyo kwawo, kuwapangitsa kukhala opanda ntchito. Maphunziro ndi gawo laukadaulo.
Ndiye pali mfuti yaikulu: tension control bolt (TC bolt) makina ochapira owumitsidwa. Izi ndi zabwino kwambiri pamalumikizidwe akuluakulu a flange, monga pazitsulo zamapangidwe kapena ma turbine hubs. Mumagwiritsa ntchito wrench yometa ubweya yomwe imadumpha kumapeto kwa spline pazovuta zenizeni. Imakupatsirani umboni wowoneka, wopita/wosapita wakuyika kolondola. Mbali yokhazikika ikuwonekera bwino: cholumikizira chodzaza bwino chimawona kusuntha pang'ono, kumachepetsa kwambiri kukhumudwa komanso kutopa. Choipa chake? Zida zapadera komanso mtengo wapamwamba wa unit. Muyenera kuzilungamitsa chifukwa cha mtengo wa moyo wanu, osati kungowononga ndalama zam'tsogolo.
Munayamba mwakhalapo ndi mtedza womwe umazungulira momasuka koma osamangika? Nthawi zambiri amaonedwa kuti ndi owopsa. Nthawi zina zimatero. Koma nthawi zambiri, ndikusintha kwa ulusi wa bawuti kuchokera pakugwedezeka kopitilira muyeso, kapena zinyalala zodzaza muzotsekera za mtedza. Ndikanthu kakang'ono, kokhumudwitsa komwe kumayimitsa mzere wonse wa msonkhano. Kukonza si mtedza watsopano; ikuyang'ana ulusi wachimuna ndi geji ndikuyeretsa malo okwerera. N'zoonekeratu, koma mwachizolowezi amanyalanyazidwa pothamangira kuti zinthu ziyende.
Kukhazikika kumatanthawuzanso kulimbana ndi dzimbiri, zomwe zimadya zinthu ndikuwonjezera kukangana, kusintha mgwirizano wa torque. Cholumikizira chopindika ndi galvanically chimagwira kapena kutaya chitsekerero. Ife standardized pa otentha-kuviika kanasonkhezereka kapena dacromet-yokutidwa zomangira zakunja, zopangira chinyezi chambiri. Koma apa pali kugwira: zokutira zimawonjezera makulidwe. Ngati simukuwerengera izi muzolemba zanu za torque, mukumangirira. Chophimba cha 15-micron zinc flake chimatha kusintha kwambiri kugundana. Tidaphunzira kufunsa ogulitsa kuti atipatse data yamphamvu ya torque pazinthu zawo zomatira, osati zoyambira zokha. Ena, monga Zitai, amapereka ma chart awa mosavuta, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti amamvetsetsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito, osati kupanga kokha.
Kusankha kwazinthu ndi lever ina. Kusuntha kuchokera ku giredi 8.8 kupita ku 10.9 kapena 12.9 kumathandizira bawuti yaying'ono yonyamula katundu yemweyo, kupulumutsa kulemera ndi zinthu. Koma apamwamba kalasi zikutanthauza chiwopsezo apamwamba kwa hydrogen embrittlement ngati si kukonzedwa bwino. Mukugulitsa chiopsezo chimodzi kwa china. Tinali ndi ma bolts apamwamba kwambiri omwe amalephera kwambiri pa makina osindikizira-zinapangitsa kuti plating ibweretse haidrojeni, ndipo sanaphikidwe bwino kuti awononge mpweya. Woperekayo adadzudzula torque yathu yoyika. Linali phunziro losokoneza pakuwunika kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kazinthu zonse.
Uwu ndiye mwayi waukulu pakati pa chiphunzitso ndi machitidwe. Mutha kutchula makina ochapira bwino a Nord-Lock kapena chomangira chapamwamba cha polima. Ngati munthu yemwe ali ndi wrench sadziwa ndondomekoyi, ndizopanda pake. Mawotchi a torque owerengeka ndi ofunikira, koma amawunikiridwa kangati? Tidakhazikitsa dongosolo lomwe maulumikizidwe ofunikira (ganizirani zokweza ma gearbox, maulalo okhazikika) amafunikira chipika chosainidwa ndi ID ya chida. Zinkawoneka ngati zopanda pake, koma zidadula zolephera zina mwina 70%.
Kutsatira kumafunikanso, makamaka pama flanges a multibolt. Mtundu wapamwamba wa nyenyezi umaphunzitsidwa pazifukwa - umatsimikizira ngakhale gasket kapena kuponderezedwa pamwamba. Ndayang'ana amakanika akale akunyalanyaza izi pama hydraulic manifold, zomwe zimatsogolera kuchucha kosalekeza komwe amathamangitsa kwa milungu ingapo ndikumangitsa bawuti imodzi mobwerezabwereza. Iwo anapotoza flange. Nthawi zina chatekinoloje yokhazikika yotsutsana ndi kumasula ndi pepala: malangizo omveka bwino, okhala ndi zithunzi.
Palinso chikhalidwe cha anthu. Wowotchera wodziwa bwino nthawi zina amatha kuzindikira chingwe chopingasa kapena bawuti yololera mwa kusintha kwa kukana pakumizidwa, chinthu china chomwe wogontha wa torque amangophulitsa. Ndemanga za tactile ndi gawo losasinthika la kuwongolera khalidwe. Tinayamba kuphatikizira ma ganyu atsopano ndi omenyera nkhondowa makamaka pa ntchito zovuta zoboola, kujambula chidziwitso chachinsinsicho.
Pali zolankhula za zomangira zanzeru zokhala ndi masensa ophatikizika kuti aziwunika kutsitsa. Ndizokayikitsa kuti ndizogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mtengo, zovuta, komanso kulimba m'malo ovuta a mafakitale ndizovuta zazikulu. Pakadali pano, njira yothandiza kwambiri ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito muyeso wa ultrasonic bolt elongation pakuyika kofunikira, kamodzi kokha ngati maziko akulu a turbine. Imakupatsirani kuyeza kwachindunji kwa katundu, kudutsa mitundu yonse ya mikangano. Ndiokwera mtengo komanso pang'onopang'ono, koma kwa olowa simukufuna kulephera, ndiye cheke chomaliza.
M'malire enieni, m'malingaliro mwanga, ndikupangidwira kwa disassembly ndi kukonza. Makina okhazikika amafunika kuthandizidwa. Tekinoloje yotsutsa kumasula yomwe imakhala yolimba pakatha zaka zisanu (ndikuyang'ana pa inu, zotchingira mankhwala) ndizosiyana ndi zokhazikika. Choyenera ndi cholumikizira chomwe chimakhala chokhazikika panthawi yogwira ntchito koma chimatha kupasuka ndi zida zokhazikika pakukonzanso. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndimatsamira kuzinthu zamakina, zotsekeranso. Angafunike kusinthidwa pakadutsa pang'ono, koma ndibwino kuposa kudula kapena kubowola bolt ndikuwononga zida za makolo.
Pamapeto pake, ndi masewera a machitidwe. Simungathe kungowonjezera kukhazikika. Zimayamba ndi cholumikizira chopangidwa bwino, chimasankha luso lotsekera loyenera, lokhazikika la chilengedwe, limachita mwatsatanetsatane, komanso mapulani amoyo wonse. Makampani omwe amapereka ziwalo zakuthupi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru, monga gulu pa Zitai Fasteners kuchokera m'munsi waukulu wa kupanga Handan, khalani ogwirizana, osati mavenda okha. Chifukwa chomangira chokhazikika kwambiri ndi chomwe mumayika molondola, kamodzi, ndikuyiwala za moyo wa makinawo.