Isahani yashyizwemo: ibizaza mu buhanga? 

Iyo wunvise isahani yashyizwemo, niki kiza mubitekerezo? Kubantu benshi hanze yicyicaro cyacu, nigice kinini cyicyuma gifite umwobo, ikintu cyibicuruzwa. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Ukuri ni, ubwihindurize bwa isahani irimo guceceka ihinduka inzogera aho ubwubatsi, igishushanyo mbonera, ndetse nibikorwa remezo byubwenge bigana. Ntabwo ari isahani ubwayo, ahubwo ni icyo ishoboza nuburyo ihuriweho. Nabonye imishinga inanirwa kuko iki gice cyari igitekerezo. Reka tuganire aho ibi bigana.

Kurenga Umuyoboro wa Bolt: Kwishyira hamwe

Ishuri rya kera-ryarebaga ryari imashini gusa: tanga ingingo. Uyu munsi, icyifuzo ni imiterere Imigaragarire. Ntabwo tuvuga gusa ibyuma binini cyangwa ibyiciro byo hejuru. Icyerekezo ni icyapa cyateguwe nkigice cya sisitemu kuva kumunsi wambere. Nakoze kuri modular data center umushinga aho isahani Ntabwo yagombaga kwakira imitwaro yimitingito gusa, ahubwo yagombaga no kwagura ubushyuhe bwa etage ya beto kandi igatanga inzira nziza, itwara inzira ya seriveri. Kwihanganirana byari ibisazi. Ibintu bisanzwe bya kataloge biva mubatanga isoko? Ubusa. Byasabye igishushanyo cyihariye hamwe nisesengura ryibintu bitagira ingano ibigo byinshi byihuta bidafite ibikoresho byo gukora.

Ibi biganisha ku ngingo ikomeye: urunigi rutangwa ruri inyuma. Inganda nyinshi, ndetse nini nini mubikorwa fatizo byingenzi, ziracyatezimbere kubijwi ryinshi, bike-bihinduka. Fata umwanya nk'akarere ka Yongnian muri Handan-niwo mutima w'umusaruro usanzwe mubushinwa. Isosiyete nka Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd., muburyo bufatika hariya hamwe nubwikorezi bukomeye bwo gutwara abantu, byerekana imbaraga gakondo: bitanga umusaruro mwinshi wizewe, wifata neza hamwe namasahani neza. Ariko icyifuzo kizaza kirimo gukururwa muburyo bunyuranye: ingano yo hasi, igoye cyane, hamwe nubufatanye bwimbitse nitsinda ryubwubatsi mbere yo kubaka. Ese ibyo bicuruzwa bishobora gushingirwaho? Bamwe baragerageza.

Kunanirwa navuze kare? Isubiramo ryimbere. Umwubatsi yerekanye ibintu byiza, bihuza neza ukoresheje isahani yashyizwemo. Rwiyemezamirimo, akanda ku gihe, yakuye isahani isa n’umuntu utanga isoko rusange. Itandukaniro rinini ryari rito ku mpapuro, ahari igice cya milimetero. Ariko iyo ibice byurukuta rwumwenda, nta kintu cyashyizwe kumurongo. Isahani ntiyari ingingo ya ankeri gusa; bari interineti ikomeye yo kwiyandikisha inteko yose. Icyumweru cyo gutinda, amabwiriza atandatu yo guhindura. Isomo ryabaye ubugome: isahani ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa. Intego zayo nigishushanyo mbonera ni ntangarugero.

Ubumenyi bwibikoresho ntabwo ari ubwa Laboratoire gusa

Turimo kubona buhoro ariko buhoro burenze ibyuma byoroheje kandi bisanzwe bidafite ingese. Biterwa no kuramba hamwe nigiciro cyubuzima bwose. Kurugero, mubiti byo gutunganya amazi mabi cyangwa ibidukikije byo ku nkombe, ibintu byashizwemo akenshi biba ihuza intege nke. Nasobanuye ibyuma bya duplex bitagira umuyonga ndetse na fibre-yongerewe imbaraga ya polymer yibikoresho byo gushira. Ikibazo ntabwo ari ikiguzi cyibikoresho gusa; ni ubumenyi bwo guhimba. Gusudira ibyuma bya duplex utarimbuye ibintu byangirika ni ubukorikori. Ntabwo buri duka rya fab rishobora kubikora.

Noneho hariho umukino wo gutwikira no kurinda. Gushyushya ibishyushye birasanzwe, ariko kuri karuvati ya rebar, zinc irashobora gucika intege. Twagerageje gutera imbere cyane metallurgical coatings ndetse na sisitemu ya anode yo gutamba yatewe mumateraniro ya plaque kubikorwa remezo bikomeye nkibiraro. Yongeyeho ibintu bigoye, ariko imibare yo kwirinda gusenya no gusana itangiye kubyemeza. Ikigaragara hano ni ugutekereza ku isahani nkibintu bihoraho, bidafite kubungabunga ibidukikije, bikaba ari impinduka nini yo gushyingura no kwibagirwa imitekerereze, ubusanzwe iganisha ku kuyicukura no kuyivuma nyuma.

Ndibuka umushinga muruganda rwa chimique aho spec yahamagaye isahani isanzwe yashyizwemo. Injeniyeri, mushya mumashuri, yasubije inyuma. Yabonye imbonerahamwe ya ruswa yikirere yihariye. Twarangije gukoresha nikel-umuringa (Monel). Isahani igura inshuro icumi. Umukiriya yitotombeye. Nyuma yimyaka itanu, mugihe cyigenzura, buri bolt isanzwe aho hantu yerekanaga ingese, ariko ayo masahani ya Monel hamwe nimigereka yayo yasaga nkibishya. Ngiyo impaka kubikoresho bigezweho: ntabwo ari ikiguzi, ni ubwishingizi.

Ikimenyetso Cyubwenge: Sensors na Data

Ngiyo imipaka ibona impuha nyinshi, mvugishije ukuri, ifite imitego myinshi. Igitekerezo cya an isahani hamwe nugupima ibipimo, ibyuma byubushyuhe, cyangwa ibimenyetso bya RFID kugirango ubuzima bukurikirane birakomeye. Nagize uruhare mubikorwa bibiri byicyitegererezo kubisahani byubwenge mubiraro bitwara porogaramu. Igitekerezo cyari gitunganye: gukurikirana umutwaro n'imihangayiko mugihe nyacyo.

Ukuri kwari akajagari. Ikibazo cya mbere kinini cyari imbaraga no kohereza amakuru. Gukoresha insinga kuva ku isahani yashyinguwe muri beto ninzozi mbi. Twagerageje simsiz, ariko misa ya beto yishe ikimenyetso. Iya kabiri yari sensor yo kubaho. Igikorwa cyo gutera beto ni urugomo-kunyeganyega, umuvuduko wa hydraulic, ubushyuhe bwimiti. Kimwe cya kabiri cya sensor zapfuye zihageze nyuma yo gusuka. Amakuru twabonye yari urusaku kandi biragoye kubisobanura.

None, ni iherezo ryapfuye? Oya, ariko nikibazo cyubwubatsi, ntabwo ari igisubizo kitari cyiza. Inzira mbona irimo kwimura ubwenge bujyanye nisahani, ntabwo yashyizwemo imbere. Ahari sensor module ifatanye na sitidiyo yerekanwe nyuma yo kubaka. Cyangwa gukoresha isahani ubwayo nka antenne ya pasiporo ifite ibimenyetso byo kunyeganyega bishobora gupimwa hanze. Icyerekezo cyingenzi kigenda kiva mubikorwa byubukorikori gusa, ariko ishyirwa mubikorwa rigomba kuba rishingiye ku bugome.

Ibihimbano no kwihanganira: Ukuboko kwa Digital

Aha niho reberi ihurira n'umuhanda. Ejo hazaza ni BIM iterwa no guhimba. Moderi ya 3D yisahani ntabwo ishushanya gusa; ni amabwiriza yo gukora. Ndavuga amasahani afite ingorabahizi, zitari orthogonal yunamye, sitidiyo yo gusudira ku mpande zifatanije, hamwe no gusya hejuru kugirango bibe byuzuye. Isahani yikigo cyoroshye-kuri-beto irashobora kugaragara nkigishusho kuruta icyubaka. Ibi bisaba gukata CNC, gusudira robot, no gusikana 3D kuri QA.

Urunigi rwo kwihanganira ni byose. Kwihanganira isahani, kwihanganira gushiraho mubikorwa, gusuka kwa beto, no kwihanganira ibintu bifatanye nayo. Ubu twigana stack-up yose uko yakabaye. Nabonye imishinga aho isahani kwihanganira bisobanuwe nka +/- 1mm, ariko sisitemu yo gukora ya rwiyemezamirimo irashobora kwemeza gusa +/- 5mm. Uku kudahuza gutera akaduruvayo. Icyerekezo kijyanye na protocole yububiko bwa digitale aho isahani ya digitale ya plaque igenga gukora, kuyishyira, no kugenzura.

Abatanga isoko babona bafatanya nibigo bya software. Tekereza gukuramo amakuru yo guhimba isahani biturutse ku gicu cya BIM umushinga. Bamwe mubakora-batekereza imbere ahantu nka Handan bashora imari mubikorwa remezo bya digitale. Ntabwo ari ugukora amasahani menshi; ni ugukora isahani iboneye, neza, ubwambere. Nibyo guhindura agaciro.

Ibikoresho na Just-in-Time Myth

Umuntu wese akunda gutanga mugihe gikwiye kugeza isahani yabigenewe iri mubwato buhoro buva mu ruganda rwihariye kandi isuka ya beto iteganijwe kuwa kabiri. Ibyiza bya geografiya yibikorwa byo guhuriza hamwe biba binini. Isosiyete iherereye nka Handan Zitai Yihuta, hamwe no kuba hafi ya gari ya moshi nini n’imihanda minini, ntabwo ari umurimo uhendutse gusa-ahubwo ni ibikoresho byita ku isoko rinini ry’Ubushinwa. Kubintu bisanzwe, iyi ni moderi yimbaraga.

Ariko kubintu bigoye, ibyerekezo-bizaza ndondora, urunigi rutangwa ruratandukanye. Nibito, byihariye, kandi akenshi kwisi. Nakuye isahani ikomeye mubihimbano mubudage kumushinga muburasirazuba bwo hagati kuko bari bafite ubuhanga bwihariye bwa metallurgical na CNC. Icyerekezo ni ugutandukana: ubwinshi-bunini, butemba neza kubintu bisanzwe, hamwe nubuhanga buhanitse, amajwi make, itumanaho ryinshi kugirango bisubizwe neza. Abatsinze bazaba ibigo bishobora gukorera kwisi yombi, cyangwa butike yihariye ifite niche.

Ikibazo gifatika ni ibarura hamwe ningaruka. Ntushobora kubika ibyapa byabigenewe. Gahunda yubwubatsi yose rero ihujwe no guhimba kuyobora igihe cyikintu kimwe. Dutangiye kubona ibishushanyo mbonera bishingiye kuri platifomu, aho igishushanyo mbonera cya plaque gisanzwe gihindurwa muburyo bukwiranye nibisabwa, bikemerera kubanza guhimba. Nubwumvikane, ariko byerekana ko hakenewe ubuziranenge bwubwenge kurwego rwo hejuru rwimikorere.

None, Mubyukuri Ibi bigana he?

Urebye imbere, muri isahani bizaba bike mubicuruzwa byihariye nibindi byinshi byerekana imikorere. Ikiganiro ntikizatangira dukeneye isahani ya 300x300x20mm. Bizatangirana na: Dukeneye intera yimiterere aha hantu igomba kwimura X umutwaro, kurwanya Y kwangirika kwimyaka 50, kwemerera Z guhinduka, no guhitamo gutanga amakuru yamakuru A. Uruhare rwuwabikoze ruhinduka kuva mukubita ibyuma kugeza mugutanga igisubizo gihuza injeniyeri.

Ikoranabuhanga rigenda - ibikoresho byateye imbere, guhimba ibyuma bya digitale, guhuza sensor - byose biri murwego rwo guhinduka. Irimo kuva mubutaka bwa fagitire y'ibikoresho igana ku gishushanyo mbonera. Amasosiyete atera imbere, yaba ibigo binini mu bigo by’umusaruro nka Yongnian cyangwa ibigo by’ubuhanga kabuhariwe, bizaba aribyo byumva uruhare rwisahani muri sisitemu, ntabwo ari imitungo yonyine. Igihe kizaza ntabwo kiri mu isahani; ni mubihuza irema. Kandi icyo nikibazo gishimishije cyane gukemura.