Gufunga bolts: urufunguzo rwikoranabuhanga rirambye? 

Urumva tekinoroji irambye, kandi ibitekerezo bisimbukira kumirasire y'izuba, chimie ya bateri, cyangwa uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya ibintu. Ni gake umuntu atekereza kubicisha bugufi. Iri ni ikosa ryambere. Mumyaka yanjye kumagorofa no mubushakashatsi bwubuhanga, nabonye imishinga myinshi aho inkuru irambye yubatswe ku bishushanyo mbonera, gusa byangijwe no kunanirwa byihuse - biganisha ku gusimbuza imburagihe, imyanda, hamwe na karuboni ikirenge. Ikibazo nyacyo ntabwo niba gufunga ibintu bifite akamaro, ariko burya uruhare rwabo akenshi rwirengagizwa-uhereye kumasoko y'ibikoresho ukageza kumurimo wa serivisi-mubyukuri utegeka niba igice cyikoranabuhanga kiguma gikoreshwa mumyaka 20 cyangwa kigacibwa muri 5.

Kwibanda Kwibanda kuri Macro

Bitangirana no kubogama. Mugihe utegura umuyaga turbine nacelle cyangwa ipaki ya batiri ya moderi, ibintu-tike nini ibona igenzurwa ryose. Ibisobanuro bya bolt? Akenshi nyuma yo gutekereza, ikamanurwa kurutonde rwibice bisanzwe. Ndibuka umushinga wa sisitemu ikurikirana izuba aho itsinda ryubwubatsi ryamaraga amezi atezimbere imikorere ya actuator. Uwiteka Gufunga Bolts gushakisha ingingo zingenzi zasobanuwe nkicyiciro rusange 8.8, gikomoka kumasoko make. Byasaga naho ari byiza ku mpapuro.

Ariko mu murima, mu mezi 18, twatangiye kubona raporo zerekana kunyerera hamwe, hamwe na hamwe, ifatwa ry’ibiza. Ikibazo ntabwo cyari amanota, kuri buri. Nibitekerezo byuzuye bya sisitemu yabuze. Bolt ntiyari ifite impagarara gusa ahubwo ihindagurika rya micro-vibrasiya hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gusiganwa ku magare isesengura ryibanze ryashizwe ahanini mubice binini. Gufunga bolt ntabwo byari clamp gusa; cyari ikintu gikomeye cyo gusiba. Uburyo bwayo bwo kunanirwa bwatumye amaboko yose akurikirana asimburwa, ntabwo asanwa. Byinshi kubwinyungu zirambye ziva mubikorwa byo hejuru-bikora neza.

Aha niho ikiganiro gikeneye guhinduka. Kuramba ntabwo bijyanye gusa nimbaraga ibicuruzwa bizigama mubikorwa; bijyanye na karubone ikubiyemo ibikoresho byayo no kuramba bibuza gukora inganda. A. funga bolt ikosora kandi igafata ihindura igice gisanwa mukandida wimyanda. Twize gutondekanya Bolt ntabwo ari umutwaro wa clamp gusa, ahubwo kubikorwa byabo mumabahasha yihariye yibidukikije no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Rimwe na rimwe, ibyo bivuze ko bihenze cyane, bisize amavuta nka a tekinoroji irambye ushoboze, kuko yemerera gusenya hamwe nibice-urwego rwo gusimbuza imyaka icumi kumurongo.

Ibikoresho nuburyo bukoreshwa: Igiciro cyubuzima bwihishe

Reka tuganire aho ibyo bintu biva. Inganda zihuta, cyane cyane mu masoko manini y’ibicuruzwa, afite umurage wo gushyira imbere ingano nigiciro. Ibyo akenshi bisobanura inzira yibanda cyane hamwe numurongo utanga umusaruro-gukoresha-guta urugero. Nasuye inganda aho intumbero yibanda kuri toni-kumunsi ku musaruro, hamwe nishoramari rito rigaragara mubintu bikurikirana cyangwa uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe busukuye. Igiciro cya karubone yiyo bolt yatetse mbere yuko isohoka mububiko.

Hariho, ariko, abakinnyi batangiye pivot. Nashakishaga iminyururu yo gutanga amasezerano yo gufata neza amashanyarazi ndaza Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd.. Bikorewe muri Yongnian-umutima wumusaruro wihuse wubushinwa-kuba bahagaze hafi yinzira nini zitwara abantu nibisanzwe mubikoresho. Ariko icyanshishikaje ni ukutagaragara, nubwo bitavuzwe neza, guhindura imirongo imwe yihariye. Ku mishinga isaba kuramba, nkibikorwa remezo cyangwa imashini ziremereye, ntabwo bagurishaga igice gusa; batangaga a tekinoroji irambye igisubizo binyuze mubintu bifatika kandi bigenzurwa ninganda. Ni itandukaniro rito ariko rikomeye. Iyo ibikorwa byabatanga ibikorwa byose, nka Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd., yashyizwe mubikorwa binini binini, kwimuka kwabo kuramba kuramba, gukurikiranwa birashobora kugira ingaruka zidasanzwe kurwego rwinganda.

Ikizamini gifatika kiri mubisesengura. Twigeze kugira icyiciro cya A4-80 kitagira umuyonga wananiwe kunanirwa no kwangirika kwangirika mugukoresha inkombe. Icyerekezo cyari gikwiye, ariko microstructure yibikoresho ntabwo yari ihuye. Urebye inyuma, ikibazo cyari muburyo bwo gukonja no guhuza. Utanga isoko yibanze gusa kubijwi ntashobora gufata ibyo, cyangwa ntashobora kugira uburyo bwo kugenzura kubikumira. Igisubizo cyabaye ikintu gito gitera sisitemu ikomeye kandi ikabyara toni yimyanda isimburwa. Guhitamo kuramba byarananiranye kuko kuramba kwari uruhu rwimbitse gusa, murwego rwibintu, ntabwo byari muri filozofiya yumusaruro.

Gushushanya Gusenya: Itegeko rya kabiri rya Lock Bolt

Iyi ishobora kuba ari inguni idahwitse. Ubukungu buzenguruka mantra ni igishushanyo cyo gusenya. Ariko mubyukuri mubikora ute? Bikunze kubira kugeza aho bihurira. Imiterere yo gusudira ihoraho muburyo bubi-igenewe gutemagura. Imiterere ihindagurika, mubitekerezo, irasanwa. Ariko sibyo niba bolts itagerwaho, cyangwa niba yangirika mumisa imwe hamwe nibikoresho byababyeyi.

Twagerageje uburyo butandukanye bwo gufunga ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigenewe akabati y'itumanaho ryo mu mujyi. Igitego cyari iminota 10 yo guhinduranya ibice byumutekinisiye. Nylon-shyiramo gufunga utubuto twabanje gukora ariko guteshwa agaciro na UV. Kwifunga-torque gufunga byari byiza ariko byasabwaga kugenzura neza torque mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho-impinduka ikomeye yo kwemeza mumurima. Twarangije gukoresha ikomatanya: serge ya flange bolt hamwe na patch ihujwe, itanga uburyo bwo kongera gukoreshwa no kurwanya ruswa. Uwiteka funga bolt dore urufunguzo rusanzwe rwo gufungura ibicuruzwa bizenguruka. Yongeyeho wenda 15% kubiciro bya BOM kubifata, ariko byongereye ubuzima bwibicuruzwa imyaka mirongo.

Isomo ryari uko kuramba binyuze mu kwizirika bisaba imbere, nuanced engineering. Ugomba kwerekana icyitegererezo cyambere gusa, ariko icya gatanu cyo kongera gutwika nyuma yimyaka 15. Ikiranga cyo gufunga kizakomeza gukora? Igipfukisho kizaba cyarashaje, biganisha kuri ruswa? Nibikorwa bitangaje, bidashimishije bitandukanya icyatsi kibisi nukuri tekinoroji irambye.

Ikiburanwa: Isomo ry'ingufu z'umuyaga

Kubungabunga umuyaga wa turbine nubutaka bwerekana ubugome. Nabaye kuri platifomu metero 80 hejuru, ngerageza gukuramo bolt yakonje mu mwobo. Igikorwa cyari giteganijwe cyari igenzura ryoroheje rya gare, ariko imwe yafashwe funga bolt irashobora kuyihindura muminsi myinshi, imashini iremereye irimo amatara nintama za hydraulic. Igiciro cyo kumanura ni kinini, ariko kuramba kurakabije ni bibi: ingufu nibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukora iyo nsimburangingo, igifuniko cya nacelle, cyangwa se abakozi ba serivisi ya mazutu ikoreshwa na mazutu.

Umukoresha umwe twakoranye yatangiye ategeka ko amahuriro yose akomeye akoresha amavuta cyangwa ibishishwa byakozwe muburyo bwo gusenya nyuma, atari kubirwanya gusa. Bimukiye kandi birebire, birambuye birambuye kuri bolts ubwabo, bisaba gihamya yo kugenzura inzira kuva mubakora. Ibi byahinduye ikiganiro cyamasoko kuva igiciro cyiza-kuri buri gice kugeza kubuzima bwose. Byashizeho isoko ryisoko kubatanga isoko bashobora kwerekana ubwo bugenzuzi bwimbitse, bashobora gutanga impapuro zamakuru zerekana imyirondoro idahwitse hamwe nudupapuro dusukuye.

Aha niho inganda zigana, nubwo buhoro. Bolt ntikiri ibicuruzwa. Nibintu byambara, binenga serivisi. Ubwiza bwayo bugira ingaruka itaziguye kumikorere no mugihe cyo kwishyura ibidukikije bya turbine yose. Niba turbine ikeneye gusanwa cyane imyaka mbere yicyitegererezo kubera ibibazo byihuse, kubara karubone yose iratandukana.

None, Nibo Urufunguzo?

Biragerageza kurenza urugero. Gufunga bolts yonyine ntabwo ari urufunguzo rw'ikoranabuhanga rirambye-ibyo birahinduka cyane. Urufunguzo ni imitekerereze ya sisitemu yubaha uruhare rwa buri kintu cyose mu kuramba no kuzenguruka muri byose. Ariko navuga ko gufunga bolts ari ikizamini cya litmus kuri iyo mitekerereze. Niba itsinda ryumushinga ririmo gutekereza cyane kuramba, ibisobanuro byabo byihuse bizakubwira. Barabaza kubyerekeranye nibintu bifatika, gutwikira ubuzima, kuzimya umuriro, hamwe no guhuza imigezi izakoreshwa? Cyangwa barimo kuzuza umwobo igice gusa kuva kurutonde ruhendutse?

Igitekerezo cyanjye bwite, cyahimbwe binyuze mu makosa ahenze no gukosorwa bigoye, ni uko tugeze aho tudashobora kwirengagiza amakuru arambuye. Gusunika kuri tekinoroji irambye isaba gukomera kuri buri gipimo. Isosiyete nka Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd., iherereye ku cyicaro gikuru cy’umusaruro w’isi, ifite igipimo cyo guhindura ibipimo. Niba kwimuka kwabo kwizerwa, gukurikiranwa, no gusenyuka-bifatanye-byerekana ibyagutse byinganda, noneho kwicisha bugufi gufunga kuva kumurongo udakomeye ugana uwabishoboye.

Ubwanyuma, biza kuri ibi: kuramba ni kwihangana. Kandi ntakintu na kimwe kigerageza kwihangana kwa sisitemu yikoranabuhanga nkigihe, kunyeganyega, ikirere, no gukenera kubitandukanya no kubisubiza hamwe. Bolt iri hagati yuwo muyaga. Kubyumva neza ntabwo ari injeniyeri gusa; ni ukwitanga kubitekerezo ko ibintu bigomba kumara.