Electroplated galvanized nuts: emisha esimeme? 

Ubona leli gama lintanta kuma-specs namashidi okuthenga kaningi manje. ‘Ukuqamba okusha okuzinzile’ okunamathiselwe kokuthile okuyisisekelo njengekinati elifakwe uthayela elenziwe ngogesi. Ikwenza ume kancane. Ingabe ukumaketha nje, noma kukhona ushintsho lwangempela enqubweni? Kusuka ebhentshini lami, ukusimama kuzixhumi ngokuvamile akuqondwa kahle. Akukhona nje nge-zinc emculweni; imayelana neketango lonke—kusuka okugeza nge-asidi ngaphambi kokucwecwa emanzini angcolile ngemva kwalokho, nokuthi lelo nati lihlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele yini ensimini ukuze lithethelele ukukhiqizwa kwalo. Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-electroplating inketho 'eluhlaza' ngenxa yokuthi ijwayelekile futhi ayisebenzisi kakhulu izinsiza kune-hot-dip, kodwa lokho ukuthatha izinga eliphezulu. Indaba yangempela yi-messier, ehlanganisa i-chemistry, i-energy spikes, nokunye ukuyekethisa okunzima.

Inqubo Yokucwenga: Lapho Uhlala Khona Umbuzo Wokusimama Empeleni

Masingene ethangini, ukusho kanjalo. Ulayini we-electroplating we-zinc ojwayelekile wamantongomane ubandakanya uchungechunge lokugeza: ukuhlanza, ukucosha, ukucwenga, ukukhromating (kulokho kuqedwa kwe-iridescent okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuphuzi), futhi ekugcineni ukugeza. Inkulumompikiswano yokusimama ishaya kakhulu esigabeni sokukhetha, esebenzisa i-hydrochloric noma i-sulfuric acid ukususa ukugqwala nesikali. Lokhu kudala i-asidi echithiwe, imfucuza eyingozi. I-innovation ayikho ku-plating ngokwayo-lokho ubuchwepheshe bekhulu leminyaka ubudala-kodwa endleleni ophatha ngayo lezi zinqubo ezihambisanayo. Amasistimu okugeza amaluphu avaliwe, isibonelo, anganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kufika ku-90%. Ngizibonile izitshalo lapho zisebenzisa khona ukubuyisela ukuhwamuka kwamanzi endaweni yokugeza yokucwenga, zidonsa i-zinc ne-asidi zibuyisele isixazululo. Ubunjiniyela obuhlaba umxhwele, kepha busebenzisa imali enkulu. I-ROI ikalwa ngeminyaka, hhayi amakota, okudayiselwa kanzima izitolo eziningi ezigxile kumamajini amancane ngezingcezu eziyinkulungwane.

Bese kuba khona ukuguquguquka kwe-chromate. Lesi yisinyathelo esinikeza ukumelana nokugqwala kwangempela, kwakha ungqimba phezu kwe-zinc. I-chromium passivate yendabuko eyi-hexavalent iyingozi enkulu yemvelo kanye nempilo. Ukushintshela ku-chromium e-trivalent noma okusha, okungenayo i-chromium kuwukuqamba okusha okuzinzile. Kodwa ukulingana kokusebenza kuseyimpi. Ngikhumbula iqoqo lamantongomane aphathwe nge-passivate yokuphathelene engenayo i-chromium evela kumnikezeli wempahla wase-Europe ukuze afake isicelo sogu. Amahora okuhlola isifutho sikasawoti abukeka emuhle ephepheni, kodwa imibiko yasensimini ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-18 yabonisa ukugqwala okumhlophe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kwadingeka siwadonse. Ukuqamba okusha bekukhona, kepha ukuqinisekiswa komhlaba wangempela kwakungekho. Kungifundise ukuthi 'ukusimama' akukwazi ukuza ngezindleko zokwehluleka kokusebenza, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zesakhiwo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kungenye into ethule. I-Electroplating iyinqubo ye-electrolytic, esebenzisa amandla aqondile ngokusebenzisa isisombululo. Izilungisi zilambele amandla. Bengisezindaweni lapho beshintshele kuzilungisi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kanye ne-pulse-reverse plating, engafaka i-zinc ngokulinganayo ngamandla amancane nokumosha izinto ezibonakalayo. Kuyisinyathelo esiqinile. Kodwa uma lowo gesi uvela kugridi ephehlwa ngamalahle, ukubala kwe-carbon footprint sekukonke kuyaba mnyama. Ungaba nolayini wokucwenga othuthuke kakhulu, ongakhipha i-zero, kodwa uma unikwa amandla amandla angcolile, ilebula ‘esimeme’ izwakala ingaphelele. Yilapho okubalulekile khona indawo. Umkhiqizi ohlala endaweni enengxube yamandla ahlanzekile, noma otshala imali ku-solar esendaweni, uqala ngesisekelo esingcono.

Impahla Nobude Obude: Imethrikhi Enganakiwe

Ukuqina kuyisisekelo sokusimama kwanoma iyiphi ihadiwe. Inadi eligqwala futhi lehluleke eminyakeni emihlanu, elidinga ukushintshwa futhi ngaleyo ndlela likhiqize kakhudlwana, alinakusimama ngokwemvelo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwalo kwakuhlanzeke kangakanani. Yilapho ukukhetha phakathi kwe-electroplated kanye ne-mechanical galvanizing (njenge-spin galvanizing) kuba nentshisekelo. I-Electroplating inika izacile, ukunamathela okufanayo okufanayo, okulungele izintambo ezinembayo nezingxenye zobuhle. Kodwa ezindaweni ezisindayo, ezonakele kakhulu, lolo ungqimba oluncane lungaba yicala. Ngibalule i-hot-dip galvanized for transmission tower nuts naphezu kokujiya, ukunamathela okuncane okuhle ngoba ukuvikela komhlatshelo kuhlala isikhathi eside. ‘Indlela emisha’ yokufakwa kwe-electroplating lapha ingase ibe kuma-alloy coatings—zinc-nickel, zinc-cobalt. Lokhu kunikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okumangalisayo ngamadiphozithi azacile. Sihlole amantongomane agcwele i-zinc-nickel kumhlinzeki wase-Japan, futhi imiphumela yesifutho sikasawoti ibicindezela amahora angu-1000 ekugqwaleni okubomvu, iphikisana ne-hot-dip specs. Ukubanjwa? Izindleko. Ukwengezwa kwe-nickel kanye nokulawula okugeza okuyinkimbinkimbi kungaphinda intengo.

Enye i-angle yi-substrate yamantongomane ngokwawo. Kuzwakala kuyisisekelo, kodwa ukusebenzisa intambo yensimbi engashintshi, yekhwalithi ephezulu yenza umehluko omkhulu. I-substrate ephansi iholela ezingozini zokugqilazwa kwe-hydrogen ngesikhathi sokukhetha i-asidi, okudinga ukubhakwa ukuze kukhululeke i-embrittlement—ezinye izindleko zamandla. Umhlinzeki onokulawula okuqinile phezu kwempahla yakhe eluhlaza, njenge I-Handan Zitai Fetesser Comment Co, Ltd., esebenza endaweni enkulu yokukhiqiza yase-China ye-fastener, inenzuzo engokwemvelo. Ukuba seduze kwabo nezigayo zensimbi kanye nokukhiqizwa okudidiyelwe kusuka kumdwebo wezintambo kuya emaphaketheni (https://www.zitaifasteners.com) ivumela ukulandeleka okungcono nokuvumelana kwekhwalithi. Lokhu akuwona ubuhlakani obusha, kepha kuyisisekelo somkhiqizo osimeme: ukuwenza ulunge okokuqala, unciphise ukwenqatshwa nokusebenza kabusha.

Bese kuba nokucatshangelwa kokuphela kwempilo, okungelula ukuthi noma ubani ekuthengeni kwethu kwansuku zonke akhulume ngakho. I-zinc ene-electroplated ayilungile. Ekupheleni kokuphila kwamantongomane, umgogodla wensimbi ugaywa kabusha kalula, futhi i-zinc coating izoncibilika ekuncibilikeni. Ayidali inkinga yokungcola njengoba ezinye izimbotshana zingenza. Lawa mandla ayisiyingi ayindawo ethule evuna wona. Kodwa kuwukugaywa kabusha; kwenzeka ngoba kulula futhi ukonga, hhayi ngenxa yesistimu yokubuyisela eklanyelwe. Ukuqanjwa kweqiniso kwe-design-for-disassembly kuma-fasteners kuseyi-niche, ikakhulukazi kwezezimoto.

I-Case in Point: Izindleko Zokulinganisa, I-Special, kanye Nezimangalo Eziluhlaza

Ake ngidlule esimeni sangempela. Besifuna amantongomane angu-M20 we-hex ngephrojekthi yokubiyela ngaphandle endaweni enesimo sezimboni esimaphakathi. I-spec ibize ukumelana nokugqwala kwamahora angama-500 isifutho sikasawoti esimaphakathi. Iklayenti beliphinde libe nesigatshana esisha ‘esikhethwayo esimeme’ ku-RFP. Inkinobho elula bekuyizinc ejwayelekile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekhanyayo ene-trivalent chromate. Ihlangabezane ne-spec, yayishibhile, futhi singamaka ibhokisi elithi 'aliqukethe i-chromium eyi-hexavalent'. Kodwa ingabe lokho kwakunobuhlakani obusha noma obuqhubekayo? Akunjalo Empeleni. Bekuyizinga lamanje, elithuthuke kancane.

Sahlehla saphakamisa enye indlela: i-electroplated coating ejiyile kancane (ithi, 15μm esikhundleni sika-8μm) ene-organic passivate engena-chromium. Yengeze cishe u-15% ezindlekweni zeyunithi. Ukulungiswa kwakuyimpilo yesevisi ende ehlongozwayo, kunciphisa imijikelezo yokushintsha. Size sasebenzisa iqoqo elincane lokuhlola okusheshisiwe. Idatha iyakusekela. Kodwa ithimba lokuthengwa kwempahla leklayenti laphikisana nokwenyuka kwezindleko zangaphambili. Iphrojekthi yahlala nenketho evamile. Siyini isifundo? Ukuqamba okusha kukhona kumalebhu kanye namakhathalogi okucabanga phambili, kodwa ukwamukelwa kwemakethe kuncishiswa umqondo wezindleko zokuqala. Ukuzinza kudinga ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko zenzuzo okudlulela ngale kwe-oda lokuthenga lokuqala, futhi lokho wukushintsha kwesiko okuhamba kancane kunanoma yikuphi ukuthuthukiswa komugqa wokunamathisela.

Yilapho abakhiqizi abanesikali bengashayela khona ushintsho. Inkampani efana neZitai, enomthamo wayo nokucushwa okudidiyelwe e-Yongnian, inamandla okuthola ezinye ze-R&D nezindleko zekhephithali ngezinqubo ezihlanzekile futhi ikunikeze endaweni yokuncintisana kakhudlwana. Indawo yabo eduze kwemizila emikhulu yokuthutha ayigcini nje ngokuphathelene nempahla yokuthumela amantongomane; kuphinde futhi kumayelana nokufinyelela emakethe ebanzi engase izimisele ukukhokha imali encane yezinqubo ezingcono zokuqinisekiswa. Iphrofayili yenkampani yabo iphawula ukuthi basenkabeni yemboni yaseShayina eshesha kakhulu—ukuthi ukugxilisa ingqondo kuvame ukukhuthaza ukuncintisana okunonya kanye nokwamukelwa ngokushesha kwamasu amasha uma sebezibonakalise bephumelela ngokwezomnotho.

Isinqumo: Siyakhuphuka, Hhayi Isiguquli

Ngakho, buyela embuzweni wokuqala. Ingabe amantongomane ane-electroplated galvanized ayinto emisha eqhubekayo? Umbono wami yilokhu: the I-Electroplated Nati ngokwabo akuzona izinto ezintsha. Bangumkhiqizo ovuthiwe. Ukuqanjwa okusha kuyenzeka-ngokunyukayo, ngokungalingani-kuzungeze i-ecosystem yabo yokukhiqiza kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kwezingubo ezithuthukisiwe. Sibona ukulawulwa kwamanzi angcolile okungcono, ukunqanyulwa kwezindawo ezidlula izinto ezinobuthi, kanye nokusebenzisa amandla ngendlela ephumelela kakhudlwana. Lezi yizinqubo ezintsha ezenza umkhiqizo okhona uzimeme.

Ukuhlola kwangempela ukuthi ingabe lezi ntuthuko ziba isisekelo semboni noma zihlala ziyizinketho zeprimiyamu. Ukuze lokho kwenzeke, abasebenzisi bokugcina badinga ukwazisa futhi bacacise izibaluli ezingaphansi—njengokuthi ‘kufakwe i-chromate e-trivalent endaweni enokukhishwa okuwuketshezi okuyiziro’—hhayi nje inani kanye nelebula ‘eliluhlaza’ elijwayelekile. Kudinga futhi ukuthi abakhiqizi baveze obala mayelana nezinqubo zabo, abaningi namanje abakaziboni.

Ekugcineni, ukubiza inati elijwayelekile le-electroplated 'indlela entsha eqhubekayo' kuvame ukunwebeka. Kepha imboni iyahamba, isiqephu ngesiqephu, ithangi ngethangi, ibheke ekukhiqizeni okuzinzile. Inathi libukeka lifana ebhokisini, kodwa indaba engemuva kwalo ishintsha kancane kancane. Lokho cishe ukuhlola okunengqondo kakhulu ozokuthola kumuntu ochithe amahora amaningi ebuyekeza izitifiketi ze-plating nemibiko yokwehluleka. I-innovation is in the grind, hhayi i-gloss.