Urabona iyi nyito igaragara mumpapuro yihariye cyangwa ikibazo, hanyuma, ako kanya, habaho gutandukana. Abasore bamwe batanga amasoko gusa babona zinc-plaque hanyuma bagatekereza kurinda ruswa, akazi kakozwe. Abandi, ababaye hasi y'uruganda cyangwa bahamagaye saa mbiri za mugitondo kubyerekeye fixture yananiwe, bazi ko iyo nteruro ari umwobo wuzuye w'urukwavu. Kuramba ntabwo ari agasanduku kamwe. Ni urunigi, n'umuyoboro udakomeye-yaba the amabara urwego ,. Urudodo ifishi, cyangwa isahani yuburyo ubwayo - izasobanura imikorere yose. Nabonye benshi cyane bafata ubururu bwiza cyangwa umuhondo hex umutwe hamwe na a Kubara umutwe urakomeye bihagije kumpapuro zo hanze hanze kubera gusa. Aho niho umutwe utangirira.

Ibishushanyo by'Amabara

Reka duhere ku ibara. Ihinduramiterere ya chromate hejuru yisahani ya zinc iguha uwo muhondo, ubururu, umukara, cyangwa imyelayo. Ntabwo ari ukureba gusa; byateganijwe kongeramo pasiporo, byongera imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa. Ariko dore gufata imyitozo: ubunyangamugayo bwurwego nibintu byose. Chromate idakoreshwa neza hejuru ya zinc irashobora kuba gutsindwa. Ndibuka igice cyumukara zinc kwikorera-kwifashisha bikoreshwa ku cyuma. Ibara ryari rimwe, ryasaga neza hanze yagasanduku. Amezi atandatu muri, ikirere cyo ku nkombe, kandi twabonye ingese zitukura ziva mumitwe. Ikibazo? Igice cya chromate cyari kinini cyane kandi cyacitse kuva ubwogero bukabije. Iyo screw yatwarwaga murugo hamwe nibyo Kwambukiranya kwicara mumutwe, igipfundikizo kuri point-stress nyinshi micro-yacitse. Ubushuhe bwarinjiye, bwinjira munsi yigitambara, maze butera zinc munsi. Igikorwa cyo gutamba zinc cyarahungabanye kuko barrière yabananiye mbere. Ibara rero ryatanze kumva nabi umutekano. Ntabwo zinc yananiwe kubanza; yari ikoti ryayo y'amabara.

Ihuza ritaziguye no kugenzura inzira. Ahantu nka Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd. hanze muri Yongnian, umutima wumusaruro wihuse mubushinwa, bari kubimenya basinziriye. Aho biherereye muri urwo ruganda rukomeye bivuze ko bashobora kuba barabonye impushya zose zo gutsindwa no gutsinda. Ubworoherane bwibikoresho byabo hafi yinzira nini zitwara abantu byerekana ingano, hamwe nabakinyi bajwi baca inguni cyangwa ubuhanga buhoraho. Abeza bamenya gushikama. Ukeneye umurongo wa plaque ucunga chimie yo kwiyuhagira, ubushyuhe, nigihe cyo kwibiza kugirango ubone chromate igendana kandi ihindagurika bihagije kugirango ubeho kugirango uhindurwe. Nibisobanuro, ariko nibisobanuro.

Naho kubyerekeye guhitamo amabara-ntabwo aribyiza gusa. Mu nganda zimwe, ubururu bushobora kwerekana urwego runaka cyangwa amavuta. Ariko kuramba, chimie ya chromate iratandukanye. Chromate yumuhondo (iridescent) mubisanzwe itanga amasaha menshi yo gutera umunyu, wenda 96+ kumunsi mwiza. Ubururu cyangwa umukara birashobora kuba bike. Kugaragaza amabara rero ntacyo bimaze. Ugomba kwerekana ubwoko bwa chromate namasaha ateganijwe yo kutagira umunyu utera. Niba umuntu asabye gusa ibara rya zinc-plaque, aba asize yuguruye kubitanga kugirango abahe amahitamo ahendutse, akenshi akaba ari make cyane.

Umutwe Wimyitozo: Aho Igitekerezo gihurira nukuri

Ubu, the Urudodo igice. Ngiyo iherezo ryubucuruzi. Imashini yo kwikorera wenyine hamwe na Kubara umutwe. Kuramba hano ntabwo ari kubora gusa; bijyanye nibikorwa bya mashini mugihe runaka. Igikorwa cyo gukora urudodo gitera guhangayika cyane nubushyuhe. Isahani ya zinc, hamwe na chromate hejuru, bigenda byogosha kandi bigasigara muri iki gikorwa. Niba isahani yoroshye cyane cyangwa ikibyimbye cyane, irashobora guhumeka, ikongera umuvuduko wumuriro kandi birashoboka ko wambura ifishi yumurongo mubikoresho byababyeyi. Niba ari ntoya cyane, ibyuma shingiro bigaragarira ako kanya mumutwe.

Ibi nabyize inzira igoye kumurimo wambaye. Twakoreshaga ibipimo zinc drill screw kumpapuro 2mm. Ijana rya mbere ryagenze neza. Hanyuma, twatangiye kubona umwanya munini wo kwicara hamwe na rimwe na rimwe umutwe uzunguruka. Ikibazo? Isahani yubatswe mu mizi yumutwe ntiyari ihuye. Imiyoboro imwe yari ifite isahani irenze aho, ihindura ikibanza cyiza kandi itera guhambira. Kuramba kwurudodo rwabangamiwe mbere yuko screw ibona imvura yambere. Ntabwo byari kunanirwa kwangirika; byari kunanirwa kwishyiriraho byatewe na plaque.

Uburinganire bwa geometrike hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera ni ngombwa. Ingingo ityaye, ikomye neza izacengera neza, igabanye ihindagurika ryibintu bikikije bityo bigumane ubusugire bwurwego rushyizwe kumutwe. Ingingo idahwitse izakora-gukomera urupapuro rwicyuma, gukora urudodo rukomeye no gukuramo isahani kumurongo. Usigaye ufite umugozi ufite insinga zicyuma igice cyambaye ubusa, wicaye mu mwobo ufunganye, uhangayitse. Ruswa itangirira aho, murubwo buryo bwihishe, mbere yuko ubona ikintu cyose hejuru. Rero, kuramba kumutwe wimyitozo nigikorwa cya metallurgie ya screw, kuvura ubushyuhe, gushushanya ingingo, hamwe nubushobozi bwa plaque yo kurokoka abrasion.

Umutwe wa Countersunk: Umujyanama wa Stress

Uwiteka Kubara igishushanyo mbonera gikunze kwirengagizwa mubiganiro biramba. Abantu bibanda kumutwe. Ariko uwo mutwe wa conic, iyo wicaye usukuye, uri munsi yumutwaro uremereye kandi uhangayitse. Inzibacyuho kuva kumutwe kugera kuri shanki nikibazo gikomeye. Ibintu byose bya hydrogène biva mubikorwa byo gufata amasahani (ingaruka rusange hamwe na zinc electroplated zinc) bizagaragara hano nko gutinda gutinda. Nabonye imiyoboro ifata umutwe mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho cyangwa, bibi, nyuma yiminsi mike, kubera ibi.

Guteka neza kugirango hydrogène yorohereze ntago biganirwaho kumanota akomeye (nkayakoreshejwe mu gucukura). Abapompa bose ntibabikora, cyangwa babikora bihagije. Isosiyete ifite izina ryo gushyigikira, ikora ku gipimo uhereye ku kigo kinini nkicyo Zitai ikora kuva, mubisanzwe iyi yatetse mubikorwa byabo (guhana) kubikorwa bikomeye. Umwirondoro wabo wa sosiyete uvuga igice kinini gisanzwe cyo gukora ntabwo ari fluff gusa; bisobanura kugera kubikorwa remezo byihariye byo kuvura nyuma yamasahani iduka rito rishobora gusimbuka.

Byongeye kandi, kwicara kumutwe wa konti birashobora kwangiza urwego rwa chromate. Niba ubuso bwo guhuza mubyuma bwurupapuro bufite burrs cyangwa butameze neza, umutwe urigita mugihe cyo gukomera kwa nyuma, ukuraho igipfundikizo kirinda. Ibi birema urubuga rwiza rwa anode-cathode yo kwangirika kwa galvanic. Ukunze kubona impeta yambere yingese ikikije umutwe perimetero. Gukoresha isabune munsi yumutwe birashobora gufasha, ariko bihindura igishushanyo. Ikibazo kiramba kigomba gusuzuma intera iri hagati yumutwe washyizwe hamwe nibikoresho irimo.

Imbyino yibidukikije nuburyo nyabwo bwo kunanirwa kwisi

Kuramba ntacyo bivuze nta bidukikije. Mu nzu, yumye? Hafi ya byose Ibara rya Zinc kwihuta bizamara imyaka mirongo. Ariko ongeramo ubuhehere, chloride (umunyu wo ku nkombe cyangwa de-icing), cyangwa imiti yinganda, kandi inkuru irahinduka. Uburyo bwa kera bwo kunanirwa kubisabwa hanze ni ruswa yera - okiside ya zinc na hydroxide - ikura mu cyuho, igakurikirwa n'ingese itukura. Urudodo rwimyitozo, rushyizwemo, akenshi rushobora kurangira kuko hari aho rwitaruye. Igitero cya mbere gikunze kuba kuri shanki yagaragaye cyangwa munsi yumutwe aho ibidendezi byegeranye.

Twagerageje icyiciro cyumushinga uhumeka. Imashini imwe, chromates eshatu zitandukanye: ubururu, umukara, umuhondo. Nyuma yumwaka mugice cya kabiri cyinganda zumujyi, ubururu bwerekanaga ingese yera kumutwe. Abirabura bari bafite ingese zitukura. Ibara ry'umuhondo ahanini byari byiza, byijimye. Uwiteka Urudodo ibice, iyo byakuweho, bavuze indi nkuru. Ubururu n'umukara byari bifite ururenda rukomeye aho urudodo rwaturutse inyuma y'urupapuro (uruhande rutose). Umuhondo werekanye igihombo gito gusa. Ubwiza bwa chromate bwari butandukanye.

Aha niho umusaraba mu mutwe wawe ushobora kuza - ubwoko bwa drive (Phillips, Pozi, nibindi). Umushoferi wambaye cyangwa udahuye birashobora gusohoka, byangiza ikiruhuko cyimodoka. Ikiruhuko cyangiritse kibangamira kwishyiriraho, bishobora kuganisha ku kwicara bidakwiye (bigira ingaruka ku gufunga ruswa) cyangwa gukenera gukuraho / gusimbuza icyuma, cyangiza igipande. Rero, kuramba kwishyiriraho ubwabyo, bigira ingaruka kumara igihe kirekire, bihujwe nicyo kintu kiranga disiki. Byose birahujwe.

Synthesis na Pragmatic Kugaragaza

Noneho, subira kubibazo byumwimerere. Kuramba kwa a Ibara rya Zinc-ryambukiranya urudodo rwumurongo ni Sisitemu Umutungo. Ntushobora gutandukanya igice kimwe. Imyitozo ya fantastique irekurwa na chromate yoroheje. Chromate nziza irekurwa na hydrogen-yashizwemo shank. Ibintu byose birarekurwa mugukoresha ahantu habi.

Mugihe cyo kwerekana cyangwa kugura, ugomba gucukumbura (nanone, guhana). Ntukavuge gusa zinc-plaque. Kugaragaza umubyimba wa plaque (urugero, 8-12μm), ubwoko bwa chromate (urugero, umuhondo wa hexavalent, ubururu butatu, umukara), hamwe nibisubizo byikizamini cyo gutera umunyu kubisanzwe nka ASTM B117. Kugaragaza urwego shingiro rwibikoresho (urugero, ibyuma 1022) hamwe nubukomere kumwanya wimyitozo. Vuga hydrogen embrittlement yoroheje guteka niba ari urwego rwimbaraga nyinshi. Reba ibidukikije bisabwa kandi birashoboka ko ushobora no kuzamuka mukuzitira gukomeye nka plaque ya mashini cyangwa firime yoroheje ya firime hejuru ya zinc niba bikenewe.

Ahantu hatuye no guhumeka neza, nkamahuriro yinganda muri Hebei akikije ibigo nka Zitai, basobanukiwe nibi bibazo kuko abakiriya babo babatera ibisabwa byose. Kuba hafi y’imihanda minini yo gutwara abantu bivuze ko bohereza mu kirere n’inganda zitandukanye, bihatira ubumenyi bushingiye, bukemura ibibazo. Igisubizo kiramba, amaherezo, ntabwo kiri kumpapuro zamakuru. Ari mubyegeranijwe, rimwe na rimwe birababaza, uburambe bwibyananiranye, igihe, nimpamvu. Kandi gufata ni iyi: fata buri jambo muri iyo nyito ndende nkimpinduka ikeneye gusobanura, ntabwo ari garanti.