Anthu ambiri akamamva “kuponda”, amaganizira za mpanda wa konkire pansi, mapeto a nkhaniyo. Mu mzere wathu wa ntchito-kulumikiza zitsulo, zomanga zotetezera, zokhudzana ndi kusamutsidwa kwa katundu kuchokera ku bolt kupita ku konkire-ndiko kumene nkhani yeniyeni imayambira. Si silab chabe; ndi mawonekedwe ovuta. Maganizo olakwika kwambiri? Kuchiza kuponda monga wongolandira chabe mphamvu m'malo mogwira ntchito, yopangidwa mwaluso panjira yolemetsa. Chitani zolakwika, ndipo msonkhano wanu wonse wasokonezedwa kuchokera pansi, kwenikweni.

Njira Yonyamula Imayambira Pansi pa Siredi

Simungathe kuyankhula za zomangira popanda kuyankhula za zomwe zimangiriridwa. Ndawonapo ma specs ambiri akuyitanitsa bolt yamphamvu kwambiri, kenako samalira konkire kuponda monga chotsatira. Mphamvu yopondereza ya konkriti, machiritso ake, kukhalapo kwa rebar, mtunda wam'mphepete - izi sizowonjezera. Amatanthauzira mphamvu ya nangula. Bawuti ya M30 yochokera kwa ogulitsa odziwika ndi yamphamvu ngati konkriti yomwe imayikidwamo. Apa ndipamene mapulojekiti a m'malo ngati Yongnian District, malo opangira zinthu zazikulu, amakhala ndi mwayi wobadwa nawo. Zachilengedwe zakumaloko zimamvetsetsa tcheni chazinthu, kuchokera pa waya wachitsulo kupita ku konkire wochiritsidwa.

Ganizirani za mbale yosavuta yoyambira. Mphamvu imayenda pansi pa mzati, kupyolera mu mbale, kupita ku ndodo za nangula, ndipo potsiriza, kulowa mu kuponda. Ngati konkriti pansi pa mbaleyo siinapangidwe bwino kapena kuponda ali ndi zisa, mumapeza malo odzaza ndi spalling. Kulephera sikuli mu bawuti; zili mu kulephera kwa konkire kugawa katundu. Ndimakumbukira ntchito yobwezeretsanso pomwe tidayenera kuyang'ana masitepe omwe analipo kale ndi radar yolowera pansi kuti tipeze cholumikizira tisanabowole anangula atsopano. Zojambula zoyambirirazo zinali, mosadabwitsa, zokhala ndi chiyembekezo pazomwe zimamangidwa.

Izi zimatsogolera ku mbali yothandiza: kukhazikitsa. Kuzama koyika si nambala chabe pa tchati. Patsamba, mukulimbana ndi kulolerana. Khola la rebar likhoza kuchotsedwa ndi inchi, kutsanulira konkriti kumatha kusuntha template ya nangula. Ndakhala masana ndi zida zowunikira, ndikutsimikizira malo a mabawuti a nangula pambuyo pothira, ndikudziwa kuti cholakwika cha centimita pang'ono kuponda mlingo umatanthawuza kumutu waukulu pamlingo wachitsulo erection. Ndi unyolo wolondola, ndipo ulalo woyamba ndi wapansi.

Material Synergy: Fastener Meets Foundation

Apa ndipamene udindo wa wopanga umakhala wogwirika. Sizokhudza kugulitsa mabawuti paokha. Ndiko kumvetsetsa dongosolo lonse. Kampani yomwe ili m'malo opangira zinthu, monga Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd. yomwe ikugwira ntchito ku Yongnian, imalumikizana tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zenizeni zomanga. Zogulitsa zawo, kaya zikhale maziko a nangula kapena ndodo ya ulusi - zimayenera kuponyedwa mu konkriti. Kuyandikira komweko kumayendedwe amakampani ndikofunikira. Amawona mayesero olephera kukoka, amamva za konkire yosweka kuchokera kwa makontrakitala pogwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira zolakwika (ma wrenches okhudzidwa pa anangula omatira ndi cholakwika chachikale, chowononga).

Kusankhidwa kwa zokutira zomangira ndi chitsanzo chabwino chaching'ono. Za a kuponda zomwe zidzadzazidwe m'mbuyo, zokutira zotsekemera zotentha zitha kufotokozedwa kuti zisawonongeke. Koma ngati nangula yemweyo akupita ku ntchito yovuta, yovutitsa kwambiri, chiwopsezo cha hydrogen embrittlement kuchokera ku njira yopangira malata chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Nthawi zina, zokutira wamba zinc flake ndi bwino. Ndi chigamulo chomwe chimakhala pamzere wa zitsulo ndi zomangamanga. Mutha kupeza zambiri zaukadaulo pa izi patsamba lochokera patsamba la ogulitsa, monga lomwe lili pa https://www.zitaifasteners.com, koma kuigwiritsa ntchito kumafuna nkhani.

Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yosungiramo zinthu zomwe mapangidwe ake adafuna kuti anangula omwe adayikidwa pambuyo pake akhalepo kuponda kuthandizira mezzanine. Konkireyo inali yakale, mphamvu zake zinali zosatsimikizika. Sitinathe kungosankha nangula kuchokera pamndandanda. Tidayenera kubowola poyesa mphamvu yokakamiza, kenako ndikusankha makina omatira omwe chiphaso chake chinali chovomerezeka pamlingo womwewo. Kukonzekera kwapangidwe kunali kokhudzana ndi matenda a konkire monga momwe zimakhalira ndi makina a fastener yokha.

Pamene Ground Si Wangwiro

Buku lophunzirira kuponda mapangidwe amatenga oyenerera, gawo lapansi lofanana. Zowona ndi zosiyana. Dothi lotambasuka, madzi okwera, makumbidwe oyandikana nawo - zonsezi zimapangitsa mphamvu yakutsogolo ndi kukweza kuponda ayenera kukana. Kulumikizana kwa fastener kumakhala ulalo wofooka ngati sikunapangire zochitika izi. Nthawi ina tinkafunika kupanga njira yomangira nyumba yopepuka ya mafakitale m'dera lomwe lili ndi madzi ambiri. Chodetsa nkhaŵa chinali kukwera kwa hydrostatic panthawi yamvula yamphamvu. Anangulawo adayenera kukhala akulu osati kungonyamula katundu wakufa, komanso mphamvu yokweza maukonde. Izi zikutanthawuza kuyika kwakuya, ndodo zolemera kwambiri, ndi ndondomeko yatsatanetsatane ya grouting kuonetsetsa mgwirizano wathunthu pakati pa ndodo ndi konkire.

Chinthu china chodziwika bwino, tsatanetsatane wa gritty ndi pamwamba pa kuponda. Iyenera kumalizidwa bwino kuti mulandire mbale yoyambira. Ngati ndizovuta kwambiri, mufunika grout osatsika kuti mupange ndege yonyamula. Ngati ili yosalala kwambiri (kuchokera ku-troweling), mungafunike kuiwotcha kuti grout igwirizane. Ndawonapo ma grout akulephera kukanikizana chifukwa ogwira ntchito sanatsuke konkriti pamwamba pa laitance. Lipoti lolephera limawerengera kulephera kwa grout, koma chifukwa chake chinali kusakonzekera bwino kwa pamwamba kuponda. Izi ndizomwe zimalekanitsa kulumikizana kolimba kuchokera kumavuto.

Mayendedwe ndi mayendedwe, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimanyalanyazidwa, zimayenderana ndi izi. Malo opangira zida zolimba, monga kukhala moyandikana ndi njanji zazikulu ndi misewu yayikulu monga momwe mumapezera ku Handan, zikutanthauza kuti ma nangula olemetsa komanso otsekera amatha kupangidwa ndikutumizidwa mosayembekezereka. Kuchedwa kupeza mabawuti a nangula otalikirapo pamalowo kumatha kukweza konkriti yonse kuti a kuponda. Nthawi ndi ndalama, ndipo kuchiritsa konkire sikudikirira aliyense.

Kubwereza kwa Kulephera ndi Kukonzanso

Mumaphunzira zambiri kuchokera ku mayeso olemedwa olephera kuposa zana opambana. Kumayambiriro kwa ntchito yanga, tinali kuyesa mphamvu yokoka ya nangula wina wa wedge mu slab yoyesera. Kapangidwe kake kanafuna kumangirizidwa kwinakwake. Nangula adalephera pafupifupi 80% ya mtengo womwe ukuyembekezeka. Pambuyo pochotsa cholakwika chokhazikitsa, tidayang'ana konkriti. Silabu yoyesera idachiritsidwa mosiyana ndi konkriti wamba - inali labotale-yangwiro. Makhalidwe opanga nangula adakhazikitsidwa pa konkire yoyenera (C30/37 kapena kuposa). Konkire yathu yam'munda, pomwe tikunena, inali ndi makina osweka osiyanasiyana. Mphuno yolephera inali yozama komanso yotakata. Zinandiphunzitsa kuti nthawi zonse ndizitha kusokoneza luso lazikhalidwe zapadziko lapansi, kapena kupitilira apo, kulimbikira kuyesa umboni wapatsamba pazolumikizana zovuta.

Izi ndi zomwe opanga ogwira ntchito yomanga amapeza. Kampani yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri zomangira sikungotulutsa magawo; ikukonza nkhokwe ya ntchito za m'munda. Pamene injiniya akuyitana Handan Zitai Fastener ndi funso lokhudza nangula mowonda kuponda, yankho mwina limachokera ku kusakanikirana kwa miyezo yoyesera ya ASTM ndi mayankho othandiza kuchokera kumapulojekiti omwe zovuta zofananirazo zidatha. Ndi chidziwitso chochepa.

Kusinthika kwa nangula wamankhwala ndi umboni wa izi. Machitidwe oyambirira a epoxy anali okhudzidwa ndi chinyezi ndi ukhondo wa dzenje. Mibadwo yatsopano imakhala yololera, koma mfundo yofunika ikadalipo: the kuponda ziyenera kukhala zomveka. Simungathe kukonza konkire yoyipa ndi zomatira zabwino. Zolemba zamalonda zidzazinena, koma nthawi zambiri zimanyalanyazidwa mpaka kuyesa kotulutsa kulephera. Mantra ya oyikayo iyenera kukhala: yang'anani dzenje, pukuta, kuliphulitsa, kenako kubaya zomatira. Ubwino wa kuponda imatanthawuza denga la mphamvu ya mgwirizano wanu.

Bwererani ku Zoyambira: Ndi Dongosolo

Ndiye, pambuyo pa zonsezi, chotengera ndi chiyani? Ndiko kusiya kuganiza mu zigawo zakutali. The kuponda, nangula, grout, base plate, column-ndizopitilira. Kutchula gawo popanda kufotokoza momwe mawonekedwe ake alili ndi ntchito yosakwanira. Makampani akuyenda bwino pa izi, ndi mapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri omwe amawonetsa kuphulika kwa konkire, koma mapulogalamu amafunikira kulowetsamo molondola. Kodi mphamvu ya konkriti ya in-situ ndi chiyani? Kodi ng'anjo yake ndi yotani?

Pazogula, izi zikutanthauza kuyanjana ndi ogulitsa omwe amapeza chithunzi chachikulu. Sizongokhudza mtengo pa kilogalamu imodzi yachitsulo. Ndizokhudza ngati amapereka matebulo ovomerezeka olemedwa kwa anangula awo mu konkire yosweka, kaya akupereka maphunziro a unsembe, kaya thandizo lawo laukadaulo limamvetsetsa mafunso okhudzana ndi nthaka. Ukadaulo wapamalo ngati Chigawo cha Yongnian umalimbikitsa chidziwitso chozama komanso chothandiza.

Pomaliza, a kuponda ali chete. Imagwira ntchito yake mosawoneka. Koma munthu aliyense amene wayima pa scaffold, kulumikiza ndime yachitsulo kumagulu a nangula otuluka, amadziwa nkhawa yodzifunsa ngati zomwe zakwiriridwa pansi ndizolondola. Nkhawa imeneyo imachepetsedwa ndi kukhwima-m'mapangidwe, kusankha zinthu, kuyika, ndi kusankha mabwenzi operekera omwe amawona fastener osati chinthu chomaliza, koma ngati cholumikizira chofunikira mu unyolo womwe umayambira pansi.