Anthu ambiri akamva 'hoop' amaganiza za basketball kapena ndolo. Pantchito yathu, ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri lonyamula katundu, ndipo moona, lomwe limachepetsedwa. Lingaliro lakuti a hoop ndi chitsulo chopindika chabe ndipamene ntchito zambiri zimayamba kupita chammbali. Ndawonapo zofananira zomwe zimachiwona ngati chongoganizira, ndikungokumana ndi zovuta zomwe zimachokera ku mphete yowoneka bwino. Sizokhudza mawonekedwe; Ndi za fizikiki ya kutsekeka kotsekeka pansi pa kupsinjika, kugawa kupsinjika komwe bwalo langwiro-kapena nthawi zambiri, ellipse yopangidwa pang'ono-imayang'anira. Kulakwitsa kumatanthauza kuti zonse zomwe zikugwirizana zimathetsedwa.

Geometry ya Constraint

Zimayamba ndi coil. Waya wachitsulo wapamwamba kwambiri, wodyetsedwa, wowongoka, wodulidwa. Kupanga kumawoneka kosavuta: pindani mu bwalo ndikuwotcherera malekezero. Koma msampha woyamba uli pomwepo. Kutsekedwa kwabwino kwa digirii 360 ndi kuwotcherera kwa butt kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kupanikizika kowonjezereka pamalo owotcherera. Muzowonjezera zolemetsa - ganizirani kupeza ma tarps olemera pazida zamigodi kapena kulumikizana ndi mipanda yosakhalitsa, ndiye poyambira ming'alu ya kutopa. Tinaphunzira izi kudzera muzobweza, osati chiphunzitso. Wokasitomala wokumba miyala anali kutaya hoop zomangira pa screen mauna chimakwirira mwezi uliwonse. Kusanthula kulephera nthawi zonse kumawonetsa mng'alu womwe ukufalikira kuchokera ku weld.

Kukonzekera sikunali weld yabwinoko, koma kuphatikizika kosiyana. Kusunthira ku mapangidwe olowa m'chiuno, pomwe malekezero amalumikizana ndi m'lifupi mwake asanafike kuwotcherera, amafalitsa katunduyo. Zikuwoneka ngati tsatanetsatane yaying'ono, koma imasintha njira yolephereka kuchoka pakuphwanyidwa kwadzidzidzi mpaka kusinthika kwapang'onopang'ono, kowonekera. Uwu ndi mtundu wa nuance womwe simupeza m'mabuku anthawi zonse. Zimachokera ku kugwetsa ziwalo zolephera ndikuwona nkhani mu njere zachitsulo. Makampani omwe amapanga ma voliyumu, monga Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd., amapeza izi. Malo omwe ali ku Yongnian, malo othamangirako ku China, zikutanthauza kuti akonza njira zolephereka zokwanira kuti apangitse maphunzirowa kukhala zida zawo. Kufikira kwawo kwa muyezo hoop si muyezo konse; zimakonzedweratu kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri.

Ndiye pali funso la kuzungulira. Kuzungulira kwenikweni hoop Ndi yabwino kukakamiza yunifolomu, koma bwanji ngati chinthucho sichimazungulira? Pomanga zingwe kapena ma hydraulic hoses, ovality pang'ono imatha kukhala mawonekedwe, osati chilema. Zimapanga chiwongolero chachilengedwe panthawi yolumikizana komanso loko yolimba yomaliza. Tidalingalira ma hoops ozungulira bwino a projekiti yolumikizira mawaya kamodzi, ndipo oyikirawo adawada - movutirapo kulumikiza mitolo yosakhazikika. Kupatuka kwa 2% kuchokera ku bwalo lenileni, kosawoneka ndi maso, kudapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa agwire ntchito. Iyi ndiye geometry yothandiza yomwe ili yofunika.

Memory Material ndi Springback

Springback ndi mdani wolondola mu gawo lililonse lachitsulo, ndipo ma hoops ndi chitsanzo chabwino. Mumapanga m'mimba mwake molunjika pa mandrel, kumasula mphamvu, ndipo imatseguka pang'ono. Kulipirira zimenezo kumafuna kumva mwachilengedwe kwa kukumbukira kwa zinthuzo. Pawaya wothamanga kwambiri, nthawi zambiri mumapindika, ndikupanga mainchesi ocheperako kuposa momwe mumapangidwira, podziwa kuti imasuka ndikulolera koyenera. Izi sizongoyika CNC; ndi chidziwitso cha mafuko pansi pa shopu.

Ndikukumbukira gulu la kachitidwe ka waya kamangidwe komwe kamakhala hoop amayenera kutsetsereka pa pini ya clevis yokhala ndi zolimba pamanja, opanda zida. Kuthamanga koyamba kunali kosagwiritsidwa ntchito - kolimba kwambiri. Chitsulocho chinali chosakaniza chatsopano chokhala ndi modulus yosiyana ya Young. Wogwiritsa ntchito makina, mnyamata yemwe ali ndi zaka makumi awiri pa zoyamba, sanadalire makonzedwe okonzedwa. Anayesa kuyesa, kuyeza ma springback pamanja, ndikusintha poyimitsa poyambira pomva. Gulu lotsatira linali langwiro. Izi zikuwonetsa chifukwa chake kupeza kuchokera kumalo opangira kwambiri monga Yongnian kuli ndi zabwino. Kuchulukana kwaukatswiri kumeneko, kugawana mwachangu chidziwitso chachinsinsi pakati pa mafakitale, kumathetsa mavuto omwe makina osasunthika sangathe. Webusaiti ya Zitai Fasteners (https://www.zitaifasteners.com) imatchula kuyandikana kwawo ndi njira zazikulu zamayendedwe, zomwe ndi zochuluka kuposa kutumiza katundu; ndi za kukhazikitsidwa mu chilengedwe cha luso logawana.

Kutentha kolakwika kungathe kuchotsa zonse izi mosamala kupanga. A mowumitsidwa hoop amakhala brittle. Pazogwiritsa ntchito zambiri, mumafuna mkhalidwe waukali - wolimba, wopatsa ena. Nthawi ina tinalandira zotumizidwa kumene ma hoops anali akudumpha panthawi yoika. Woperekayo adalumpha njira yochepetsera kuti apulumutse mtengo ndi nthawi. Zinthuzo zinali zovuta, koma zinalibe ductility. Idapambana mayeso osavuta koma idalephera kuyeserera kwenikweni kwapadziko lapansi. Tsopano, sitikunena za kalasi yokha, koma njira yopangira mankhwala: mafuta amazimitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa pa 400 ° C. Ndi chinthu chamzere chomwe chimalekanitsa chinthu kuchokera kumagulu.

Chiyankhulo Choyiwalika: Surface ndi Friction

Mapeto a pamwamba a hoop sichikambidwa kawirikawiri, koma imalamulira ntchito yake mu dongosolo. Kumaliza kokhala ndi malata sikungoteteza dzimbiri; imasintha coefficient of friction. Chingwe chonyezimira cha zinki chimatsetsereka mosavuta kudzera m'makina omangika kusiyana ndi malati otenthetsera omwe ali ndi malo olimba, opindika. Pogwiritsa ntchito lashing pomwe hoop ikufunika kutsekedwa mwamphamvu, malo osalalawo angatanthauze kusiyana pakati pa kupeza torque yofunikira kapena kutsetsereka kwa chida.

Mu ntchito yopezera mapanelo a fiberglass, tidagwiritsa ntchito hoops zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Natural passivation wosanjikiza wa zosapanga dzimbiri ndi woterera ndithu. Kapangidwe kake kanadalira mkangano pakati pa hoop ndi mbale yakumbuyo kuti apewe kuzungulira. Izo zinalephera. Njira yothetsera vutoli sikunali kusintha zinthu koma kusintha pamwamba. Kuphulika kwa mkanda wopepuka mkati mwa kuzungulira kwa hoop adapanga micro-roughness yokwanira kuti atseke. Ntchito yachiwiriyi sipezeka m'makatalogu ambiri. Muyenera kudziwa kuti mufunse, kapena bwino, gwirani ntchito ndi wopanga yemwe amapereka ma tweaks owonjezerawa ngati gawo la kusinthika kwawo.

Apa ndipamene maziko ozungulira wopanga wamkulu amakhala oyenera. Fakitale yomwe ili pamalo akutali ingakane kuwonjezerapo kuphulika kwa mikanda. Pagulu ngati Yongnian, komwe Handan Zitai amakhala, mwina pali ogulitsa apadera apadera pamsewu. Njira yonse yogulitsira imakongoletsedwa mwamakonda awa. Kufotokozera kwamakampani zamayendedwe osavuta amalankhula ndi kulumikizana uku - sikungotumiza zinthu zomwe zatha, koma kuti zithandizire kubwereza mwachangu, kogwirizana komwe kumafunikira mayankho ovuta.

Milandu Yonyamula ndi Illusion of Symmetry

A hoop ndi ma radially symmetric, kotero ndikuyesa kuganiza kuti katunduyo nthawi zonse amagawidwa mofanana. Ndilo lingaliro lowopsa. M'malo mwake, ma hoops nthawi zambiri amawona zolemetsa - mbedza imakoka mbali imodzi, membala wina akukankhira mbali ziwiri zosiyana. Izi zimapanga nthawi yopindika yomwe hoop sinapangidwe kwenikweni. Kulephera kwachikale ndiko kupindika kwa hoop kukhala oval pang'ono, komwe kumasokoneza kukhulupirika kwa olowa komwe akumanga.

Tidayesa izi ndi kachitidwe kachitidwe, ndikuyika ma radial point load ku ma hoops azinthu zofanana koma magawo osiyanasiyana. Chingwe chawaya chozungulira chimapunduka mosavuta kuposa chomwe chili ndi gawo lophwathidwa kapena ngati D pankhope yamkati. Chigawo chophwanyidwacho chinapereka malo otambalala kwambiri motsutsana ndi katundu wa mfundo, molimbika kulimbitsa dongosolo. Kwa katundu wolemetsa wotchinga kumapeto kwa zingwe, kusintha kwakung'ono kwa mbiriyo kumawonjezera malire a ntchito ndi 15%. Ndilo lingaliro lomveka bwino lomwe mawonekedwe ayenera kutsatira kwambiri, nthawi zambiri asymmetric, ntchito.

Izi zimagwirizananso ndi luso lopanga. Kupanga hoop ya waya yozungulira ndikosavuta. Kupanga hoop yokhala ndi mbiri yeniyeni, yokhazikika kumafuna zida zapamwamba kwambiri komanso kuwongolera njira. Ndi chizindikiro cha kuya kwa wopanga. Mukayang'ana mbiri kuchokera kwa katswiri ngati Zitai, simukungoyang'ana mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala, koma umboni wa mbiri yamtunduwu komanso kumvetsetsa njira zolemetsa zomwe sizili zofanana. Udindo wawo ngati gawo lalikulu kwambiri lopangira magawo ku China akuwonetsa kuti ali ndi zida zosiyanasiyana komanso chithandizo chaumisiri kuti apitirire mawonekedwe osavuta ozungulira.

Kupitilira Chigawo Chimodzi: Kuganiza kwa Msonkhano ndi Kachitidwe

Pomaliza, a hoop samagwira ntchito yekha. Ndi gawo la dongosolo: bawuti imadutsamo, chingwe cha waya chimatha m'menemo, chimakhala motsutsana ndi bulaketi. The mawonekedwe tolerances ndi chirichonse. Cholakwika chofala ndikupanga hoop ndi magawo ake okwerera pawokha. Ndawona ma hoops okongola, owoneka bwino omwe sangasonkhanitsidwe chifukwa chololeza chowotchereracho sichinawerengedwe pamapangidwe a gawo loyandikana nalo.

Lamulo lothandiza lomwe tikutsatira tsopano ndikupanga hoop chomaliza, kapena chofanana ndi mawonekedwe ake. Yambani ndi katundu, fotokozani mbali zokwerera, ndiyeno pangani hoop yomwe imawagwirizanitsa, kuwerengera mndandanda wamagulu ndi kupeza zida. Kwa dongosolo laposachedwa la scaffold, hoop inali ulalo wolumikizira. Kapangidwe kake kamayenera kulola kuti aikidwe ndi dzanja lokhala ndi golofu, nthawi zambiri movutikira. Izi zinakakamiza mkati mokulirapo kuposa momwe mawerengedwe amphamvu amanenera, ndipo adalamula kuti pakhale m'mphepete mwamkati kuti mupewe kugunda. Hoop yabwino kwambiri kuchokera ku pulogalamu yowunikira kupsinjika ikadalephera ngati chinthu.

Kawonedwe kachitidwe kameneka ndi komwe kamalekanitsa wothandizira chigawocho ndi wopereka mayankho. Ndi kusiyana kokha kugulitsa hoop ndi kumvetsa mmene zimakhalira pamene wogwira ntchito Handan Zitai a kasitomala kampani akuyesera kukhazikitsa pa mphepo malo yomanga kumapeto kwa kusintha yaitali. Zochitika zenizeni padziko lapansi ndiye kuyesa kokhako komwe kuli kofunikira, ndipo kusankha kulikonse - kuyambira pakuphatikizika kwa weld mpaka kumapeto - kumadutsa nthawiyo. Hoop, pamapeto pake, ndi njira yoyendetsera mphamvu, ndipo kupambana kwake kumayesedwa ndi kudalirika kwake kosawoneka pogwirizanitsa zinthu, patapita nthawi yaitali pepalalo lidachotsedwa.