Mumamva 'mtedza wa ng'ombe' ndipo anthu ambiri amaganiza za lokoti wamba, mwina mtundu wa nayiloni. Ndilo lingaliro lolakwika loyamba. M'zochita, mtedza wosunga weniweni, makamaka pa ntchito zolemetsa kapena zogwedezeka, ndi chilombo chosiyana. Sikuti ndi kupewa kumasuka; ndi za kusunga katundu woyeneka bwino, kuchita ngati loko, kapena ngakhale kuyimitsa makina. Ndawona mapangidwe ambiri pomwe mtedza wokhazikika umatchulidwa ngati 'wosunga,' kungopangitsa kuti msonkhano ulephere kuyesa kumunda chifukwa injiniya sanaganizire mphamvu za axial ndi radial zomwe zikukhudzidwa. Mawuwo pawokha ndi otakata kwambiri, kuphimba chilichonse kuyambira mtedza wa jamu patsinde la valavu kupita ku mtedza wapadera wokhala ndi pini ya cotter pa shaft yozungulira. Nuance ndi chilichonse.

The Core Function ndi Zovuta Zofanana

Tiyeni tinene mwachindunji. Ntchito yoyamba ndi 'kusunga' zoikamo. Mwachitsanzo, pamalumikizidwe osinthika, mumayika utali wake, kenako kumangitsa nati wa wosunga panjira yotembenukira kapena ndodo. Zolephera apa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa. Anthu amawopa ulusi woluma kapena kusokoneza chigawocho, motero amapepuka. Chotsatira? Kugwedezeka kumagwira ntchito kwa maola angapo. Ndinaphunzira izi movutirapo pa projekiti ya conveyor system. Tidagwiritsa ntchito mtedza wa hex ngati wosunga ndodo yomangika. Onetsani torque pa tchati chodziwika. Patatha miyezi itatu, tinazimitsa chifukwa ndodoyo idabwerera, ndikutaya lamba. Kukonzekera sikunali torque yayikulu, koma kusinthira ku a mlonda nati yokhala ndi torque yomwe ilipo - ulusi wopunduka kapena mphete yapulasitiki yophatikizika. Zinapereka mphamvu yokoka yosasinthasintha yomwe mtedza wamba unalibe.

Kusankha zinthu zakuthupi ndi mbuna ina. M'malo owononga - ganizirani kukonza mankhwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito panyanja - mtedza wosunga chitsulo cha kaboni ndi wotchi yokhazikika. Ngakhale ndi plating. Ndikukumbukira kasitomala wina yemwe adaumirira mtedza wokutidwa ndi zinki kuti apange msonkhano wapampopi wamadzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kudzimbirira kwa galvanic pakati pa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi mtedza wa kaboni wachitsulo kumalumikiza pamodzi. Pamene kukonza kunayesa kusintha, studyo inadumpha. Yankho lake linali kuluma chipolopolo ndikugwiritsa ntchito gulu lonse la 316, kuphatikizapo mtedza wosunga. Mtengo wam'mbuyo unali wokwera, koma unathetsa vuto la kukonzanso kosalekeza.

Ndiye pali nkhani ya danga. Mtedza wokhazikika umafunikira wrench yoyenera. M'mabowo olimba, mungafunike wosunga kalembedwe ka jamu wopyapyala, koma kutalika kwake kumatanthawuza kuchepa kwa ulusi komanso kutsekeka kochepa. Ndinu ntchito yogulitsa kuti ikwanire. Nthawi ina tinkafunika kupanga masipanidwe opangira sipanala kuti angolimbitsa nati wokhala pansi pa bowolo. Zinawonjezera mtengo wa zida, koma inali njira yokhayo yopezera torque yofunikira komanso kapangidwe kake. Kungoyang'ana pa alumali si nthawi zonse yankho.

Kupeza ndi Zowona za Ma Hubs Opanga

Izi zimandibweretsa ku sourcing. Pakuthamanga kwa voliyumu, nthawi zambiri mumayang'ana opanga m'magulu apadera amakampani. Likulu limodzi lalikulu padziko lonse lapansi lili ku Yongnian, Hebei, China. Kuchuluka kwa zomangira zomangira kumeneko ndikodabwitsa. Makampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Handan Zitai Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd. gwirani ntchito mkati momwemo. Malo awo oyandikana ndi njanji zazikulu ndi misewu yayikulu si mzere chabe mu mbiri ya kampani; imatanthawuza kuchita bwino kwazinthu zopangira komanso kutumiza katundu womalizidwa. Mukamagula zomangira zapadera, kuyandikira konyamula mitsempha kumafunikira pamtengo komanso nthawi yotsogolera.

Pochita ndi wopanga ngati Zitai, mukulowa mumayendedwe akuya, am'deralo. Amafunika kalasi yeniyeni ya waya wachitsulo wa boron kuti ukhale wolimba kwambiri mtedza wosunga? Woperekayo akuyenera kutsata njira. Izi zitha kuwongolera ma prototyping ndikulola zosankha zambiri zakuthupi. Komabe, chinsinsi chake ndikumveka bwino. Ndakhala ndi zitsanzo zomwe zidabweranso komwe kutentha sikunali kofunikira chifukwa chojambulacho chimafuna kufanana kwa Giredi 8 m'malo motengera momwe zimakhalira komanso njira yoyesera. Lingaliro lidapangidwa kukhala mulingo wamba wamba, womwe umasiyana pang'ono. Phunziro: zojambula zowongolera ziyenera kukhala zomaliza - chemistry yakuthupi, kuuma kwa Rockwell, katundu wotsimikizira, mtundu wa zokutira ndi makulidwe, zofunikira zolembera.

Sikuti kungopanga gawolo. Ndi zakuti zipangidwe nthawi zonse, batch after batch. Mnzake wabwino waukadaulo mdera lotere adzakhala ndi zida zazitsulo zazitsulo zoperekera ziphaso, osati lonjezo. Tsambali likhoza kunena kuti limapereka misika yapadziko lonse lapansi, koma umboni uli pakufunitsitsa kwawo komanso kuthekera kwawo kukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi monga ASTM kapena DIN, osati GB yokha. Ndiye fyuluta yomwe ndimayikapo nthawi zonse.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito - Kusiyana Kwapadera ndi Maphunziro

Kupitilira mawonekedwe oyambira a hex, mtedza wa mtedza umagwira ntchito yawo. Mtedza wokhala ndi ma pini a cotter ndiye maloko abwino kwambiri ozungulira ma shaft pamakina. Chinyengo apa ndikuwongolera kubowola. Ngati bowo la bawuti silinagwirizane bwino ndi ma castellations pa torque yolondola, mutha kukhala pansi pa torque kuti muyimilire kapena mopitilira muyeso wotsatira. Palibenso chabwino. Njira yabwino ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wokwera bwino, womwe umakupatsani ma increments ang'onoang'ono kuti mugwirizane, kuchepetsa kusagwirizana kwa torque.

Ndiye muli ndi mtedza wa flange. The Integrated washer nkhope imagawira katundu ndipo akhoza serrated kuluma pamwamba mating kuti kumatheka kutseka. Ndafotokozera izi pamisonkhano yophatikizika komwe muyenera kupewa kuphwanya laminate. Yotakata yonyamula pamwamba ndi yofunika. Koma samalani ndi zosewerera - ngati pamwamba pa makwerero ndi aluminiyamu yofewa kapena utoto wopaka utoto, serrations akhoza kukumba ndi kupanga kusintha kwamtsogolo kupweteka, nthawi zambiri kung'amba nkhaniyo. Nthawi zina flange yosalala yokhala ndi makina ochapira omangika ndi foni yabwinoko.

Chimodzi mwa zolephera zosangalatsa zomwe ndidasanthula chinali paipi yotentha kwambiri. Anagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zonse, zosagwira kutentha mtedza wosunga. Iwo anachita poyamba. Koma panthawi yoyendetsa njinga yamoto, kusiyana kwa kukula pakati pa mtedza (wopanda zosapanga dzimbiri) ndi carbon steel flange kumapangitsa kuti zitsulo zikhale zosiyana kwambiri. Mtedzawo sunasungunuke mwachikhalidwe, koma chisindikizocho chinalephera chifukwa gasket inataya kuponderezedwa pa kutentha kwambiri. Kukonzaku kudaphatikizapo kuwerengera ma coefficients otenthetsera ndikusinthira ku chinthu cha nati chomwe chimagwirizana bwino ndi flange, ndikugwiritsa ntchito chochapira chochizira cha helical kuti musamavutike. Chinali chikumbutso kuti ntchito ya mlonda ndi yamphamvu ngati chilengedwe chiri.

The Adjustment Factor and Field Realities

Mtedza wosungira nthawi zambiri umatanthauza kusintha kwamtsogolo. Iyi ndi mfundo yopangira filosofi. Muyenera kuganiza kuti katswiri m'mundamo adzakhala ndi zida zoyambira, mwina zovala, ndipo sadzakhala ndi wrench yowongoleredwa sabata yatha. Mapangidwe ayenera kukhala okhululuka. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko ya mtedza wapawiri (njira ya jam nut) monga mlonda amadziwika kwambiri ndi ndondomeko yoyenera-kumangitsa mtedza woyambirira, ndiye woyang'anira kutsutsana nawo. M'munda, nthawi zambiri amangogwedezeka pamodzi, kulepheretsa kutseka. Ngati kusinthidwa kukuyembekezeka, mapangidwe okhala ndi chizindikiro chowoneka - monga chizindikiro cha umboni kapena ulusi womwe umatuluka mochuluka kuposa mtedza - ndi wodalirika kuposa kudalira njira yabwino.

Lubrication ndi gawo lina losinthika. Kodi mumatchula mtedza wothiridwa mafuta kale? Ngati ndi choncho, ndi chiyani? Kapena mukuganiza kuti ogwira ntchito kumunda adzagwiritsa ntchito anti-seize? Ndawonapo magulu omwe mafuta opaka fakitale amawuma kapena kukopa grit, kuwasandutsa phala lonyezimira lomwe limavala ulusi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ndawonapo zowuma misonkhano ndulu ndi kugwira pa kusintha koyamba. Palibe yankho lililonse. Za a mlonda nati pa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chomwe chidzawona kusintha kosasintha pamalo owuma, filimu yowuma ya molybdenum disulfide ikhoza kufotokozedwa. Kwa chinthu chomwe chidzatumikiridwa nthawi zonse m'malo onyowa, anti-seize yokhala ndi mkuwa ndiyofala. Tsambalo liyenera kufotokoza momveka bwino.

Pamapeto pake, makina odalirika kwambiri omwe ndawayika nthawi zambiri amakhala osavuta kwambiri omwe amawerengera anthu. Nayiloni-insert locknut (nyloc) ndi yabwino kusintha kamodzi kapena kawirikawiri, monga momwe amavala. Ulusi wokhotakhota wa locknut ndi wabwino pakusintha kangapo. Popanda kusintha, nati wa torque wokhala ndi chigamba kapena chotsekera ulusi wamankhwala ungakhale wabwino kwambiri. Kusankha sikuli m'ndandanda; zili pajambula, ndi malangizo omveka bwino. Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa chigawo chomwe chimakhala moyo wa makina ndi chomwe chimayambitsa kuyimba foni. Ndiwo muyeso weniweni wa wosunga.