Ubushinwa bwagutse bwa shimi

Vuba aha, akenshi numva ibyifuzo bijyanyeBolts ku nganda z'imiti, cyane cyane hamwe nabagenewe ibihe bigoye. Abakora benshi bategeka gufunga, bishingikirije ku biranga rusange - ibyuma, kurwanya -aburorionion. Ariko ukuri akenshi biragoye. Gusa 'chimique bolt' ntibihagije. Baje guhura nibibazo iyo ifunga ryatoranijwe ryarananiranye vuba, nubwo ibyifuzo byose byakoreshejwe. Kubwibyo, nahisemo gusangira ubunararibonye kubyo tubona mubikorwa, ni ayahe makosa yakozwe, nuburyo bwo kwirinda ibi. Ntabwo ari inyigisho, ariko kubyerekeye ingero zihariye zahuye nakazi, kandi kubikorwa nibikorwa nibitari byo.

Ibibazo by'ibanze Iyo duhisemo byihutirwa ku nganda z'imiti

Ingingo ya mbere kandi yingenzi ni, birumvikana ko ibidukikije bikaze. Ibishishwa bya shimi, acide, alkalis - bashoboye kurimbura alloys nziza cyane. Gusa 'ibyuma bidafite ingaruka' ntabwo buri gihe byakijijwe, cyane cyane iyo bihuye nibintu byibandaho igihe kirekire. AiSi 316 akenshi batoranijwe, ariko iyi ni intangiriro. Birakenewe kuzirikana imiti yihariye y'ibidukikije. Rimwe na rimwe ndetse n'urwego rwo hejuru rwo kurinda ntabwo rwemeza serivisi ndende. Twese twakoranye numushinga wakoresheje amabuye 316 kugirango duhuze na aside sulfuric. Nyuma y'amezi atandatu, ntibagaragaraga ko bangirika, nubwo bahuye n'amahame y'ikoranabuhanga. Byaragaragaye ko ingingo ari ntoya yibanze kumyanda muri asideho, yihutisha ruswa. Mu bihe nk'ibi, ugomba guhinduranya cyane kuri alloys yihariye, kurugero, hatelloy cyangwa inonel.

Ikindi kintu cyingenzi nubutegetsi bwubushyuhe. Mubikorwa bya shimi, ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bukoreshwa cyane, bukoresha igitutu cyinyongera kumuziba. Ku bushyuhe bwinshi, ibikoresho byaguwe, bishobora kuganisha ku gucika intege. Ku bushyuhe buke, ibyuma biba byoroshye kandi bigengwa. Mugihe uhisemo Bolts, birakenewe kuzirikana urwego rwibikorwa hanyuma uhitemo ibikoresho bigumana imitungo yabo muri ibi bihe. Ntibishoboka gupfobya ingaruka zumururumba - guhora gushyushya no gukonjesha bitera imihangayiko mubikorwa, amaherezo bizaganisha ku kurimbuka kwayo.

Usibye ibitero byimiti nubushyuhe, birakenewe kuzirikana imitwaro ya mashini. Kurugero, kunyeganyega kw'ibikoresho, amafuti, umuvuduko mwinshi - ibi byose birashobora kuganisha ku guca intege. Ibi ni ukuri cyane kubikoresho binini, nkabifata na pompe. Ni ngombwa guhitamo ubunini bwuburyo nubwoko bwa Bolts, kimwe no gukoresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe na kashe idasanzwe, bitanga ikosora ryizewe.

Ubwoko bwimiterere nibiranga

Ubwoko bwihuza nayo ni ikintu gikomeye. Ntabwo buri gihe bihagije kugirango ukongere gusa bolt hanyuma ubone isano yizewe. Akenshi, birasabwa gukosorwa, kurugero, hamwe nubufasha bwameria, imbuto hamwe nibicuruzwa byanditseho, cyangwa ibisekuruza bidasanzwe. Kurugero, guhuza ibijyanye na reaction ukurikije igitutu kinini, ibice bikoreshwa bikunze gukoreshwa, bitanga gukomera no kwizerwa.

Dukunze guhura nikibazo cyo guhitamo nabi intego. Gusa gukaraba neza ntabwo buri gihe bikwiranye ninganda zumutima. Gukaraba urwego rwa kashe cyangwa gutsimbarara kenshi bikoreshwa, bikozwe mubintu byihariye birwanya igitero cyimiti. Ntukize murakaza-ubwinshi - kuko bagira uruhare runini mugushidikanya kwizerwa.

Mubyongeyeho, ni ngombwa guhitamo umwanya munini. Umwanya munini cyane urashobora kuganisha ku gusenya urudodo cyangwa guhindura ibice bihujwe. Agato gato cyane ingingo irashobora kuganisha ku guca intege ihuza no kurimbuka byuzuye. Mugihe ukomeje kurasa mu nganda za shimi, urufunguzo rwa Dinanometric rukoreshwa mugukora umwanya ukomeye. Ariko nubwo hamwe nurufunguzo rwa Dinanomeretric, ni ngombwa kuzirikana ibiranga ibikoresho nubwoko bwikigo. Kurugero, kugirango ukosore imitwe, amavuta yihariye akoreshwa cyane, agabanya amakimbirane no gutanga ingingo ikonje.

Ingero zifatika n'amakosa

Nabonye imanza nyinshi iyo bahisemoBolts ku nganda z'imiti, kwibanda gusa kubigaragara nigiciro. Kubera iyo mpamvu, nyuma yigihe runaka nagombaga kubasimbuza, bikaba byateje umusaruro woroshye nifaranga ryinyongera. Imwe mu ngero zitangaje nuburyo bwa Bolts kuva ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone kugirango uhuze ibintu bya reaction ya shimi. Nyuma y'amezi make, barangije, bikaba byatumye habaho ingaruka zikomeye.

Irindi kosa risanzwe ni uguhitamo nabi ibikoresho. Abakora benshi bahitamo ibyuma bitagira ingano, bizera ko birwanya ibidukikije byose. Ariko ibi sibyo. Ntabwo ibirango byose bidafite ishingiro birwanya kimwe mubitero byimiti. Kurugero, Bolts ikozwe mubyuma bya ausitique (urugero, Aisi 304) ntibikwiriye kuvugana na aside sulfurike. Mu bihe nk'ibi, birakenewe gukoresha Bols biva kuri alloys zihamye cyane, nka duplex idafite ibyuma (urugero, Ai 2205) cyangwa Hatelloy. Mugihe uhisemo ibikoresho, birakenewe kuzirikana ibidukikije gusa, ahubwo ni nubushyuhe nigitutu.

Ikindi kibazo nigikorwa cyo kwishyiriraho kashe. Ikidodo kigomba gukorwa mubikoresho birwanya imbibi zumuti nubushyuhe bwinshi. Ikidodo kitari gito cyangwa cyashyizweho gishobora kuganisha ku kumeneka kw'ibikoresho no kwangiza ibikoresho. Ntukize kashe, kuko bagira uruhare runini mugushinyagurira guhuza.

Guhitamo ibyifuzoIyaba ibikoresho bya shimi

Niba uteganya kuguraBolts ku nganda z'imiti, Ndasaba kuvugana nabatanga niba bafite uburambe bakorana nibibazo bya shimi. Ni ngombwa gutanga utanga isoko hamwe namakuru yose akenewe yerekeye ibidukikije bya shimi, ubushyuhe, igitutu nubushake. Wumve neza kubaza ibibazo kandi usabe ibyemezo kubikoresho. Menya neza ko ibihuru byujuje ibisabwa nibyangombwa ngendamiza.

Ni ngombwa ko utanga isoko adashobora gutanga ibitaramo gusa, ahubwo no ku yindi bifunga, ndetse n'ibikoresho bihuriweho, nko gutsimbarara, imbuto, kashe n'inyoni n'ibihimbano. Ihitamo ryiza ni utanga isoko rishobora gutanga igisubizo cyuzuye kumushinga wawe. Haman Zitai Yihuta Manofaring ManImyifatire idasanzwebikwiranye nibihe bigoye cyane.

Mu gusoza, ndashaka kuvuga ko guhitamo kwifatizo kumiti ari umurimo utoroshye usaba uburyo bwiza no kubara kubintu byinshi. Ntukize ibyuma, kuko kwizerwa kwayo biterwa n'umutekano no gukora neza umusaruro wose.

Akamaro ko kugenzura ubuziranenge no gutanga ibyemezo

Usibye guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye nubwoko bwo guhuza, ni ngombwa kandi kugenzura ubuziranenge bwumusaruro wihuta. Ibiti bibikesha birashobora kugira inzengu zuzuye, geometrie idasanzwe cyangwa itahuye nibitekerezo byatangajwe. Kubwibyo, birakenewe guhitamo abatanga isoko bafite uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura no gutanga ibyemezo kubicuruzwa byabo. Witondere kuboneka kw'ibyemezo byubahirizwa n'amahame mpuzamahanga, nka ISO 9001. Iyi ni garanti ivuga ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge n'umutekano.

Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kigenzura kugirango yubahirize ikoranabuhanga. Umusaruro wo kwizizirwa ugomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yikoranabuhanga hamwe nubuziranenge. Umusaruro mubi urashobora kuganisha ku nenge, udahuje ubunini cyangwa kuvura bidakwiye. Kubwibyo, birakenewe guhitamo abatanga ibikoresho bifite ibikoresho bigezweho nabakozi babishoboye. Ubugenzuzi busanzwe bwibikorwa bizafasha kumenya no gukuraho ibibazo bishobora.

Ntiwibagirwe ko ari ngombwa gukora ibintu bigeragezo. Ibizamini bigufasha kugenzura inzandiko yibicuruzwa ukoresheje ibiranga byatangajwe no kumenya inenge zishoboka. Kwipimisha birashobora kubamo kwipimisha, gukomera, kwambara kurwanya no kurwanya ruswa. Ibisubizo by'ikizamini bigomba kuba byanditswe kandi biboneka kugirango bimenyereye.