Urumva 'umuzamu utubuto' kandi abantu benshi batekereza kuri locknut yoroshye, ahari ubwoko bwa nylon. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Mubikorwa, ibinyomoro byukuri byumuzamu, cyane cyane mubikorwa biremereye cyangwa bikunda guhindagurika, ni inyamaswa itandukanye. Ntabwo ari ukurinda gusa kurekura; nijyanye no gukomeza clamp yuzuye, gukora nkigifunga cyumwanya, cyangwa no gukora nka mashini ihagarara. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi aho umutobe usanzwe ugaragazwa nk '' umuzamu, 'gusa kugira ngo inteko itananirwa mugupima umurima kuko injeniyeri atigeze atekereza imbaraga za axial na radial zirimo. Ijambo ubwaryo ni ryagutse cyane, rikubiyemo ibintu byose uhereye ku mbuto ya jam ku giti cya valve kugeza ku mbuto kabuhariwe hamwe na cotter pin ku rubaho ruzunguruka. Nuance ni byose.

Imikorere yibanze hamwe nibisanzwe

Reka tumenye neza. Akazi k'ibanze ni 'kugumana' igenamiterere. Kurugero, kumurongo uhuza, ushiraho uburebure, hanyuma ugahambira ibiti byumuzamu kuruhande rwumubiri cyangwa inkoni yumubiri. Ingingo yo gutsindwa hano akenshi iba iri munsi. Abantu bafite ubwoba bwo guteranya insinga cyangwa guhindura ibice, bityo bakajya mumucyo. Igisubizo? Kunyeganyega bikora kurekura amasaha magana. Nabyize inzira igoye kumushinga wa convoyeur. Twakoresheje ibinyomoro bisanzwe bya hex nkumuzamu ku nkoni ituje. Kugaragaza itara kuri buri mbonerahamwe rusange. Nyuma y'amezi atatu, twarahagaritse kubera ko inkoni yasubiye inyuma, ita umukandara. Gukosora ntabwo byari torque yo hejuru, ahubwo ihinduka kuri a umuzamu hamwe na torque yiganje-umugozi wahinduwe cyangwa impeta ya plastike ihuriweho. Yatanze ko gukurura guhoraho imbaraga zimbuto zabuze.

Guhitamo ibikoresho ni undi mutego. Mubidukikije byangirika-tekereza gutunganya imiti cyangwa ibikoresho byo mu nyanja - ibinyomoro byuma bya karubone ni isaha yo gutondeka. Ndetse no kubisahani. Ndibuka umukiriya watsimbaraye ku mbuto zometse kuri zinc yo guteranya pompe y'amazi yo ku nkombe. Kwangirika kwa galvanike hagati yicyuma kitagira umuyonga hamwe nimbuto ya karubone yabihuje hamwe. Mugihe kubungabunga byagerageje guhinduka, sitidiyo yarafashe. Igisubizo kwari ukuruma isasu no gukoresha inteko 316 yuzuye idafite ingese, harimo na umuzamu. Igiciro cyo hejuru cyari hejuru, ariko cyakuyeho inzozi mbi zo gusana.

Noneho hariho ikibazo cyumwanya. Imyunyungugu isanzwe ikenera swing ikwiye. Mu mwobo ufunganye, urashobora gukenera uburyo bwiza bwo kubika ibintu, ariko uburebure bwabwo bwagabanutse bivuze guhuza imigozi no gukora bike. Urimo gucuruza imikorere ikwiye. Twigeze gukora igishushanyo mbonera cya spaneri kugirango gusa dushimangire umutobe wumuzamu wicaye muri bore yagabanutse. Yongeyeho igiciro cyibikoresho, ariko niyo nzira yonyine yo kugera kumurongo ukenewe hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera. Kureka-kubika ntabwo buri gihe ari igisubizo.

Isoko hamwe nukuri kwinganda zikora

Ibi binzanye gushakisha. Kubijyanye nijwi, ukunze kureba ababikora mumasoko yihariye yinganda. Ihuriro rikomeye ku isi ni i Yongnian, Hebei, mu Bushinwa. Ubwinshi bwumusaruro wihuse haratangaje. Ibigo nka Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd. kora neza hagati yacyo. Aho biherereye hafi ya gari ya moshi nini n’imihanda minini ntabwo ari umurongo gusa mubisobanuro bya sosiyete; bisobanurwa mubikorwa bya logistique yo gufata ibikoresho fatizo no kohereza ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Mugihe ugura kontineri imizigo yihariye yihariye, ubwo kuba hafi yo gutwara imiyoboro yingirakamaro kubiciro no kuyobora igihe.

Gukorana nuwabikoze nka Zitai, urimo gukanda mururwo rwego rwimbitse. Ukeneye urwego rwihariye rwicyuma cya boron kugirango imbaraga-nyinshi umuzamu? Utanga isoko birashoboka ko mumuhanda. Ibi birashobora koroshya prototyping kandi bikemerera amahitamo menshi. Ariko, urufunguzo ni ibisobanuro bisobanutse. Nagize ingero zagarutse aho kuvura ubushyuhe bitagaragaye kuko igishushanyo cyahamagaye icyiciro cya 8 gihwanye aho kuba imiterere yubukanishi nuburyo bwo gupima. Ibitekerezo byari gukorwa muburyo busanzwe bwaho, butandukanye gato. Isomo: ibishushanyo mbonera bigomba kuba byuzuye - chimie yibikoresho, urwego rukomeye rwa Rockwell, umutwaro wibimenyetso, ubwoko bwikigero nubunini, ibimenyetso bisabwa.

Ntabwo ari ugukora igice gusa. Nukugirango ikorwe ubudahwema, icyiciro nyuma yicyiciro. Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza wa tekinike mukarere nkako azaba afite ibikoresho bya laboratoire ya laboratoire yo gutanga cert, ntabwo ari amasezerano gusa. Urubuga rushobora kuvuga ko rukorera amasoko yisi yose, ariko gihamya nubushake nubushobozi bwabo bwo kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga yihariye nka ASTM cyangwa DIN, ntabwo ari GB gusa. Nibyo muyunguruzi mpora mbisaba.

Porogaramu-Itandukaniro ryihariye hamwe namasomo

Kurenga ifishi yibanze, umuzamu nuts morph kubikorwa byabo. Imbuto zometse hamwe na cotter pin nizisanzwe zifunga ibintu bizunguruka kumashini. Amayeri hano ni uguhuza imyitozo. Niba umwobo uri muri bolt udahujwe neza na castellations kumurongo ukwiye, waba uri munsi ya torque kugirango uyitondekane cyangwa hejuru ya torque kugeza ahakurikira. Nta nubwo ari byiza. Imyitozo myiza nugukoresha urudodo rwiza-rwiza, ruguha inguni ntoya yongeweho kugirango uhuze, ugabanye torque kumvikana.

Noneho ufite utubuto twa flange. Isura yogejwe isaranganya ikwirakwiza umutwaro kandi irashobora gukurikiranwa kugirango irume hejuru yubukwe kugirango ifungwe neza. Nabisobanuye kubijyanye no guteranya hamwe aho ukeneye kwirinda kumenagura laminate. Ubuso bwagutse bufite akamaro. Ariko witondere seriveri - niba ubuso bwo gushyingiranwa ari aluminiyumu yoroshye cyangwa irangi risize irangi, seriveri irashobora gucukumbura kandi igahindura ejo hazaza ububabare, akenshi igashwanyaguza ibikoresho. Rimwe na rimwe, flange yoroshye hamwe nogeshe hamwe ni byiza guhamagarwa.

Kimwe mubintu binaniranye kunanirwa nasesenguye byari kumuyoboro wubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Bakoresheje ibyuma byose, birwanya ubushyuhe umuzamu. Bafashe mu ntangiriro. Ariko mugihe cyamagare yubushyuhe, igipimo cyo kwaguka gutandukanya ibinyomoro (bitagira umwanda) hamwe nicyuma cya karubone byatumye umutwaro wa clamp utandukana cyane. Imbuto ntizagabanutse mu buryo bwa gakondo, ariko kashe yarananiranye kubera ko gaze yatakaje compression ku bushyuhe bukabije. Gukosora birimo kubara coefficient yumuriro no guhinduranya ibikoresho byimbuto bihuye neza na flange, no gukoresha isabune yimvura kugirango ikomeze impagarara. Byari byibutsa ko akazi k'umuzamu gafite imbaraga niba ibidukikije ari.

Ibintu byo Guhindura hamwe nukuri Kumurima

Ibinyomoro byumuzamu akenshi bisobanura guhinduka. Iyi ni igishushanyo mbonera cya filozofiya. Ugomba kwibwira ko umutekinisiye mumurima azaba afite ibyingenzi, birashoboka ko byambarwa, ibikoresho kandi ntibizagira torque wrench yahinduwe mubyumweru bishize. Igishushanyo kigomba kubabarira. Kurugero, gukoresha sisitemu-ebyiri (uburyo bwa jam nut) nkumuzamu bizwi cyane kuburyo bukwiye - gukomera imbuto yibanze, hanyuma umuzamu akayirwanya. Mu murima, akenshi basunika byombi hamwe, bikuraho ingaruka zo gufunga. Niba hateganijwe ko hahindurwa, igishushanyo cyerekana ibimenyetso - nk'ikimenyetso cy'abatangabuhamya cyangwa urudodo rugaragaza umubare runaka ushize ibinyomoro - byizewe kuruta gushingira ku buryo bunoze.

Amavuta nubundi buryo bwo guhinduka. Urasobanura imbuto zabanje gusiga amavuta? Niba aribyo, niki? Cyangwa uratekereza ko abakozi bo mukibuga bazakoresha anti-seize? Nabonye amateraniro aho amavuta yakoreshejwe muruganda yumye cyangwa akurura grit, ayihindura paste yangiza yambara insinga. Ibinyuranye, Nabonye inteko zumye zigafata mugihe cyo guhinduka kwambere. Nta gisubizo rusange. Kuri a umuzamu kuri sitidiyo idafite ibyuma izabona guhinduka kenshi mubidukikije byumye, firime yumye ya molybdenum disulfide irashobora gutomorwa. Kubintu bizajya bikorerwa buri gihe ahantu hatose, kurwanya umuringa bishingiye kumuringa birasanzwe. Urupapuro rwihariye rugomba kubisobanura neza.

Ubwanyuma, sisitemu yizerwa yizewe nashizeho akenshi niyo yoroshye cyane kubara ibintu byabantu. Nylon-shyiramo locknut (nyloc) ninziza kumwanya umwe cyangwa guhinduka gake, nkuko insert yambara. Urudodo rugoretse locknut nibyiza kubihindura byinshi. Kugirango ntagihinduka, umutobe wiganjemo torque hamwe na patch cyangwa imiti yimiti-ifunga bishobora kuba byiza. Guhitamo ntabwo biri muri kataloge gusa; ni ku gishushanyo, hamwe n'amabwiriza asobanutse. Ni itandukaniro hagati yikintu kimara ubuzima bwimashini nimwe itera guhamagarwa. Nicyo gipimo nyacyo cyumuzamu.