Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'umuyoboro udafite ibyuma', batekereza ko ari umuyoboro gusa udafite icyuma gisudira. Nibyo, ariko ni nko kuvuga imodoka yo kwiruka ni ikinyabiziga gifite ibiziga bine. Inkuru nyayo iri mu kuyikora n'aho igwa niba utazi icyo ukora. Nabonye imishinga myinshi itondekanya 'idafite ikidodo' nkigikorwa cyo gufata 'ubuziranenge bwo hejuru', gusa nkirukira mubibazo byubugari bwurukuta cyangwa ubukana butunguranye mubidukikije. Ntabwo ari amasasu.

Ibishyushye Bishyushye Ukuri hamwe nibisobanuro byayo

Uburyo bwa kera ni uburyo bushyushye bwo gutobora-gufata fagitire ikomeye, kuyishyushya kuri plastiki, no kuyitobora na mandel. Byumvikane neza, sibyo? Shitani irambuye. Gushyushya umurongo ni ngombwa. Byihuta cyane, kandi ubona imiterere idahuye; gahoro cyane, kandi urimo gutwika amafaranga mugihe cyitanura. Ndibuka icyiciro cyumuvuduko ukabije wa hydraulic imirongo yananiwe kugerageza ibizamini. Nyirabayazana? Ubushyuhe butamenyekanye bwagabanutse mu itanura 'ahantu hapfuye' mbere yo gutobora, biganisha ku gukomera gake bigatuma umuyoboro ukunda gucika mikorobe mugihe cyo gushushanya nyuma. Twarayifashe, ariko yari isomo rihenze mukwizera, ariko kugenzura, ndetse numwirondoro wawe wizewe.

Noneho hariho ikibazo cyibipimo. Igice cya oxyde ikora mugihe cyo gushyushya ntabwo kibangamiye gusa. Niba idakuweho neza mbere yo kugabanuka, irazunguruka hejuru, ikora ingingo zishobora gutangiriraho ruswa cyangwa umunaniro. Urangiza numuyoboro wujuje imiterere yimiti nimbaraga zingutu kumpapuro ariko birashobora kunanirwa imburagihe muri progaramu yo gupakira ibintu. Nibyo byumvikane bitagaragara bitandukanya umuyoboro wibicuruzwa nibintu byizewe.

Aha niho ecosystem ya hub yinganda ikora. Kuba hafi yumurongo utanga isoko, nkibikorwa byihuta byihuta muri Yongnian, Handan, ntabwo ari ibikoresho gusa. Nijyanye no kubona serivisi zihariye zifasha-kubona neza, laboratoire zipimisha zidasenya, amaduka yihariye yo gutunganya ubushyuhe-zishobora gukemura neza intambwe nyuma yo gutoborwa. Isosiyete nka Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd., mugihe kizwiho kwizirika, gikorera mubidukikije ubwo bumenyi bwa metallurgical tubular buri mumazi, nukuvuga. Ikibanza cyabo cyegeranye ninzira nini zo gutwara abantu ninyungu zifatika zo gufata ibikoresho fatizo no kohereza ibicuruzwa byarangiye, guhindura ibintu bisa nkibisobanuro byoroheje bya geografiya mubiciro nyabyo kandi byizewe.

Igishushanyo gikonje: Aho Ibipimo Bikomeye

Niba kuzunguruka bishyushye biguha ifishi yibanze, gushushanya gukonje niho ukorera imirongo yawe yuzuye. Ibi nibisabwa aho kwihanganira kuri OD n'ubugari bwurukuta biba byoroshye - tekereza silinderi ya mashini cyangwa gutwara amoko. Urimo gukurura umuyoboro ushyushye unyuze mu rupfu no hejuru ya mandel. Nibikorwa byubugome kubintu, bitera imbaraga zikomeye.

Guhitamo amavuta hano ni umufatanyabikorwa ucecetse mubwiza. Filime mbi yo kwisiga iganisha kuri galling, itanga indangamuntu hejuru. Nabonye imiyoboro isa neza neza ariko ifite ibishushanyo by'imbere byahindutse ibyago. Kuri silinderi ya pneumatike, iyo ni inzira yemewe yo kumanuka kumurongo. Amayeri akenshi aba mbere yo kuvurwa-gutwika fosifate mbere yo gushushanya bigomba kuba bimwe kugirango bitware amavuta.

Kandi ntushobora kwirengagiza intera ya annealing. Shushanya cyane udafite impungenge zo kugabanuka, kandi ibikoresho biba bigoye cyane kandi bitavunika. Gahunda yiyi anneals ishingiye kuburambe kimwe no kubara. Nibyiyumvo utera imbere - urebye uburyo umuyoboro usubira inyuma gato nyuma yo gutambuka, cyangwa impinduka zidasobanutse mumajwi ikora iyo ikubiswe. Ibi ntabwo ari ibintu byibitabo; ni amahugurwa azi neza.

Ikibazo cya Alloy: Ntabwo ari Imbaraga gusa

Umuntu wese asimbukira kuri ASTM A106 cyangwa A53 kubyuma bya karubone, cyangwa 304/316 kubitagira umwanda. Ariko amanota niyo ntangiriro. Fata A106 Icyiciro B. Nibyiza kuri serivisi nyinshi zohejuru. Ariko ubukana bwacyo bukabije ku bushyuhe bwo hasi burashobora gutera impungenge. Twigeze kugira ikibazo numurongo ukurikirana mumashanyarazi mugihe cy'ubukonje butunguranye. Umurongo ubwawo wari mwiza, ariko umuyoboro udafite kashe ukoreshwa muguhuza amashami mato mato, uhura na A106B spec, werekanye ibimenyetso byerekana. Igisubizo nticyari 'icyiza' kitagira ikidodo, ahubwo cyari gikwiye - guhinduranya icyuma cyishe neza kandi gifite agaciro keza ka Charpy kuri ibyo bice byihariye.

Kubidafite umwanda, impaka 304 na 316 ni amakuru ashaje. Birenzeho Ibibazo Byibibazo biri muri 'in-hagati' ya porogaramu. Nkumurongo utunganya ibiryo hamwe na chlorine ikunze gukaraba. 316 nibyiza, ariko niba akazi gakonje kashushanyije kadakurikijwe igisubizo kiboneye anneal no kuzimya, usiga ibikoresho bikangutse, ugatumira chloride stress ruswa. Umuyoboro uhura na ASTM, ariko amateka yo gutunganya arabica. Ugomba kugura mu ruganda cyangwa gutunganya ibintu byumva imikoreshereze yanyuma, ntabwo bisanzwe.

Ibi bihuza gusubira mubisoko biva mukarere gakuze. Uruganda rwashizwemo, nka Zitai Fastener, yumva ko icyemezo cyibikoresho kirenze urupapuro. Ni urunigi rwo kurera no gutanga ingwate. Imitekerereze yabo ikora, yashizweho nubunini buringaniye, bushingiye ku nganda yihuta, mubisanzwe bigera no muburyo bukomeye bwo gushakisha ibikoresho fatizo no kugenzura ibintu nka ibyuma bitagira icyuma, niyo baba ari umukoresha wo hasi. Kugenzura urubuga rwabo kuri zitiFasTeners.com, urabona kwibanda kubikorwa remezo no kugenzura ubuziranenge-ibintu byingenzi bifite akamaro nkibicuruzwa byigituba.

Ikizamini: Kwizera, ariko Gabanya na Etch

Impamyabumenyi ni itegeko, ariko ni ifoto. Kwipimisha Hydrostatike nibisanzwe, ariko nikizamini gihamya, ntabwo ari garanti yimikorere izaza. Ibizamini byerekana imiterere birabigiramo uruhare. Kwipimisha Ultrasonic kubibazo birebire birasanzwe ubungubu, ariko eddy igezweho kubusembwa bwubuso, cyane cyane kuri ID, ntabwo ari bike cyane kandi akenshi bifite agaciro kinyongera kubisabwa bikomeye.

Ikigaragara cyane, kandi kirasenya, ni ikizamini cya macroetch. Ufata impeta y'icyitegererezo, ukayikata, ugahanagura mu maso, hanyuma ukayitera aside. Ibi birerekana urujya n'uruza rw'ibinyampeke, gutandukanya umurongo uwo ari wo wose kuva kuri bilet y'umwimerere, kandi, cyane cyane, ubusugire bw'ibikoresho aho ikidodo cyaba kiri mu muyoboro usudutse. Muburyo nyabwo butagira ikidodo, ugomba kubona imirongo ikomeza, yibanze. Intambamyi iyo ari yo yose, umurongo udacogora wo gushiramo cyangwa kugoreka, byerekana ikibazo cyo gutunganya mugihe cyo gutobora cyangwa gushushanya. Ni autopsie ivuga amateka yubuzima bwigituba.

Twashyizeho politiki yubugenzuzi bwa macroetch idasanzwe kuri tombora yinjira, ndetse no mu ruganda rwemewe. Yafashe ikibazo rimwe aho urusyo rwahinduye abatanga fagitire ariko ntirwatezimbere neza ibipimo byabo byo gutobora kugirango ibikoresho bishya bikomere. Certs yari imwe, ariko icyitegererezo cyerekanwe cyerekana uburyo buteye impungenge. Icyo cyiciro cyanze kubera gusaba umunaniro mwinshi kandi gikoreshwa ahandi. Byadukijije gutsindwa gukomeye.

Ibyiza bifatika: Imashini noguhimba

Hano niho ibitekerezo bihurira na lathe. Umuyoboro udafite kashe, bitewe nuburyo bwo gukora, akenshi usanga ufite imashini zihoraho zizengurutse umuzenguruko ugereranije numuyoboro wa ERW (Electric Resistance Welded), aho icyuma gishobora gusudira gishobora kugira ubukana butandukanye. Ariko ibyo ntabwo arukuri kwisi yose. Imiyoboro ikonje ikonje idafite umuyonga mwinshi. Niba udakoresheje imashini mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ngo ufate uburemere bukabije mu nzira imwe, irashobora kugoreka-ova cyangwa igoramye - nk'impagarara. Amayeri nugukomeretsa, reka yicare, guhangayikisha, hanyuma urangize imashini. Yongeraho intambwe, ariko niyo nzira yonyine kubice byuzuye.

Gusudira bikwiranye n'umuyoboro utagira ikizinga nabyo birashobora kuba ingorabahizi. Agace katewe nubushyuhe gakorana na microstructure ikonje. Kubihuza bikomeye, akenshi birasabwa guhuza umuyoboro wanyuma mbere yo gusudira, nigikorwa abahimbyi benshi basimbuka kuko icapiro ntiruhamagara. Ni ikinyuranyo cyerekana kuganisha kunanirwa imburagihe ku ijosi rya weld. Buri gihe nongeyeho inyandiko ku gishushanyo nonaha: Imashini yo gusudira itegura kuri tube ya anneed ya end kugirango ihuze igitutu kirimo.

Bitetse kuri ibi: kwerekana icyuma kitagira icyuma ni intangiriro yikiganiro, ntabwo iherezo. Nibintu bisobanurwa cyane no kubura kwayo - kubura ikidodo-nkurugendo rwihariye rwubushyuhe, imbaraga, nubugenzuzi bwaremye. Kwizerwa kwayo gushingiye kubintu bitagaragara: ikirere cyitanura mugihe cyo gushyushya, chimie yamavuta mugihe cyo gushushanya, igihe cya anneal. Utezimbere kububaha, ntabwo arikintu kiri kuri fagitire yibikoresho, ahubwo nkibicuruzwa byubukorikori bugoye. Nibyo byerekana niba ari umuyoboro gusa cyangwa ibice byiringirwa.