Iyo wumvise 'imbaraga zidasanzwe,' abajenjeri benshi bahita batekereza kuri torque. Iri ni ikosa rya mbere. Mwisi yacu yingufu zikomeye zifata cyane cyane mubikorwa byubaka, ni imbaraga-Imbaraga zifatika zifatika zakozwe nkimigozi ya bolt izunguruka kandi irambuye-ifata isi rwose. Nabonye ibintu byinshi cyane bitesha agaciro agaciro ka torque kumurongo, nkirengagiza rwose ko kugeza 90% byurwo rumuri rwinjiza rwatakaye kubera guterana munsi yumutwe wa bolt no mumutwe. Ibyo ugura mubyukuri, kandi nibyo turimo gukora mubyukuri, nibyo byanyuma, byizewe imbaraga.

Ikibazo cyo Guterana na Real-Isi

Ibi ntabwo ari amahame. Ku mushinga wikiraro hashize imyaka mike, twagize icyiciro cya M36 cyubatswe cyerekanwe kubufatanye bukomeye. Indangagaciro za torque zari nziza ku mpapuro, ariko kugenzura hamwe kwerekanaga gufatana kudahuye. Ikibazo? Ubuso bwo kurangiza butandukanye kubintu byatanzwe bishyushye-byogejwe byogejwe byahinduye coefficient de fraisement bitateganijwe. Umuyoboro wa torque watangaga kumva nabi umutekano. Uwiteka imbaraga yari hose. Twagombaga guhindukira muburyo bukomatanyirijwe hamwe - dushyira kumurongo fatizo hanyuma tugahindura ibinyomoro byongeweho kuzenguruka (uburyo bwo guhinduranya-imbuto) kugirango tugere kumurongo urambuye kandi, kubwibyo, byizewe cyane imbaraga. Byari ibintu bisanzwe byo kwiruka inyuma, ntabwo byinjijwe gusa.

Aha niho gufatanya nuwabikoze abona inzira birakomeye. Ukeneye umuntu wunvise ko imbaraga zumusaruro wibikoresho, ubuziranenge bwurudodo, ndetse nubunini bwa plaque ntabwo ari ibintu byerekanwe gusa ahubwo bihinduka bihujwe muri imbaraga ikigereranyo. Isosiyete nka Hamagara zitai yihuta ukora co., Ltd., giherereye mubushinwa bunini cyane mubice fatizo byumusaruro, mubisanzwe bifite ubujyakuzimu bwo kugenzura inzira. Aho biherereye muri Yongnian, hamwe numuyoboro w’ibikoresho, bivuze ko akenshi batanga imishinga minini, isubiramo ibikorwa remezo aho guhuzagurika mubibazo bidashoboka. Urashobora kugenzura uburyo bwabo kuri https://www.zitaifacens.com.

Ihinduranya ryizo mbaraga akenshi bibaho kurupapuro rwihariye. Twigeze kugerageza gupima ultrasonic bolt yo kuramba kurubuga-ku munara wa turbine umuyaga. Nuburyo bwiza butaziguye bwo gupima uburebure burambuye bityo ubare ukuri imbaraga. Ariko ukuri? Ibikoresho biroroshye, bisaba abakora ubuhanga, kandi kumunara wumuyaga mugitondo, akenshi ntibishoboka. Twasubiye inyuma muburyo bwitondewe bwa torque-tension hamwe na lubricants zahinduwe mugice cyihariye cya bolts na nuts. Isomo ni uko uburyo bwiza ntacyo bumaze niba budashobora gukorwa muburyo bwizewe mumurima.

Imyitwarire yibikoresho munsi yumutwaro urambye

Urundi rwego ni imyitwarire ndende. Kwihuta ntabwo bigira imbaraga gusa mugushiraho; ibana nayo. Creep, guhagarika umutima, n'umunaniro ni abanzi bashizweho imbaraga. Ndibuka umushinga wa retrofit kumiterere yicyuma gishaje aho twasimbuzaga ibyuma byangiritse. Igishushanyo cyumwimerere cyakoresheje ibikoresho byo murwego rwo hasi. Nubwo twaba twiganye itara ryumwimerere, ibigezweho, urwego-rwohejuru rwohejuru twashizeho rwitwara ukundi mumyaka mirongo. Imyitozo yabo yo hejuru hamwe no kurwanya neza kuruhuka bivuze imbaraga Kubora buhoro, guhindura muburyo bwo kugabura imitwaro mugihe hamwe. Tugomba kongera gusuzuma igishushanyo mbonera cyose, ntitugomba gukora umwe umwe kuri swap.

Niyo mpamvu inkomoko yinganda nubutegetsi bufite ireme bifite akamaro. Bolt iva mu ruganda rufite uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura inkoni, binyuze mu gukonjesha no kuvura ubushyuhe, bizagira imiterere imwe. Uku guhuza bisobanura gutanga umusaruro uteganijwe no kuruhuka. Iyo uruganda rwinjijwe mumasoko manini yumusaruro nkakarere ka Yongnian, mubisanzwe bishyirwaho kubwinshi, ariko abambere bashora imari mugupima metallurgie kugirango bayishyigikire. Ni itandukaniro hagati yibicuruzwa nibigize.

Kunyeganyega ni umwicanyi ugaragara, ariko gusiganwa ku magare ni byo bicecekeye. Mu ruganda rwa peteroli, twakurikiranaga imiyoboro ya flange ku muyoboro uzenguruka hagati y’ibidukikije na 300 ° C buri munsi. Kwiyongera kwubushyuhe butandukanye hagati yicyuma cya karubone nicyuma kitagira umwanda cyateye imbaraga guhindagurika cyane. Igisubizo nticyari gikomeye, ahubwo cyari ikindi - guhindukira kuri nikel-alloy bolt hamwe na coefficente yo kwagura amashyuza yegereye ibikoresho bya flange. Yahagaritse imbaraga zifata hejuru yubushyuhe. Intego ihora ihamye imbaraga, ntabwo byanze bikunze imwe.

Kugaragaza imitego hamwe no kwiyumvamo kwishyiriraho

Ibisobanuro birashobora kuyobya. Icyiciro cya 8.8 cyangwa ASTM A325 irakubwira imbaraga ntoya, ariko ntabwo yemeza ko uhoraho imbaraga uzabigeraho. Kwihanganira umutwaro wibimenyetso ni intera. Kubihuza bikomeye, ushobora gukenera kwerekana itsinda ryihanganirana cyane cyangwa ugasaba amakuru yihariye yo kugerageza. Natwitswe nkeka ko urwego rusanzwe rwari ruhagije, gusa nasanze gutatanya muri preload yagezweho kuva icyitegererezo cya bolts cyari hejuru cyane kubikorwa byacu byunvikana.

Hariho n'ubuhanzi bwo kwishyiriraho, kumva ko abakozi beza batera imbere. Bazi iyo bolt irimo guswera neza binyuze mumaboko ya kalibibasi yabo. Barashobora kubona urudodo ruteye mbere yuko rufata. Ubu bumenyi butuje bujyanye no gucunga ihinduka rya torque muri iryo suku imbaraga. Niyo mpamvu utigera utanga abakozi bashya gusa akazi katoroshye kumunsi wambere. You start them on non-critical connections to build that instinct.

Twagerageje gukuraho iki kintu cyumuntu rimwe hamwe na selile yuzuye ya robotic ingirabuzimafatizo kumurongo wateguwe. Ubusobanuro bwari butangaje - gusubiramo inshuro, inguni, hamwe nurutonde. Ariko byari byoroshye. Umwanya muto-wo-kwihanganira umwobo, cyangwa burr twabuze, byatera selile amakosa. Abakozi b'abantu baba barumvise imyigaragambyo, bagasubira inyuma, bakuraho burr, bagakomeza. Imashini yarahagaze. Twize ko automatisation itezimbere ibihe byiza, ariko itsinda ryabahanga riyobora kudatungana kugirango ritange ibisabwa imbaraga. Noneho turabakoresha muburyo bwa Hybrid.

Urubanza mu ngingo: Ibikoresho byo guhuzagurika

Reka tuvuge kubipimo no gutanga. Kugera ku kwizerwa imbaraga ntabwo arikigihe cyo gukomera. Itangirana nibikoresho bihoraho bitanga kandi ikanyura mubipfunyika hamwe nibikoresho. Niba urimo gushakisha 50.000 bolts kumushinga wo kohereza, ugomba kumenya ko bolt 1 na bolt 50.000 bizitwara kimwe mugihe byashizweho. Nibyiza byo gushingira kubikorwa.

Isosiyete nka Handan Zitai Yihuta ikoresha uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko ya Yongnian base. Kuba hafi ya gari ya moshi nini n'imihanda ntabwo ari aho kugurisha gusa kubyerekeye umuvuduko wo gutanga; bijyanye no gushikama. Bisobanura ko inkoni y'icyuma iza muburyo buhoraho, itanura ryo gutunganya ubushyuhe rikora ubudahwema, kandi ibicuruzwa byarangiye birashobora koherezwa mubice bigenzurwa uticaye mubyambu bihinduka ibyumweru. Uku guhuza ibikoresho ni ibintu bitaziguye, niba akenshi birengagijwe, umusanzu mu guhuza kwanyuma imbaraga mu murima. Aho biherereye, nkuko byavuzwe, yegeranye na gari ya moshi ya Beijing-Guangzhou hamwe n’umuhanda w’igihugu 107, ku muyobozi w’umushinga bisobanura impinduka nke mu munyururu.

I've managed projects where bolts were sourced from multiple smaller workshops during a material shortage. Impapuro zemeza ibyemezo byose byari bikurikiranye, ariko ibizamini byo guhagarika umutima byagaragaje kugabana bimodal. Igice kimwe cyakoze neza, ikindi cyari hepfo yumurongo wihanganira. Uwiteka imbaraga yari tekinike yo gutondeka, ariko kubura uburinganire byari gutuma habaho kugabana imizigo itaringaniye hamwe. Tugomba gutondeka no gutandukanya, bitera ubukererwe bukomeye. Noneho, kubikorwa byubwubatsi, dushimangira kumurongo umwe, gusya urusyo rumwe, byaba byiza bivuye kumasoko manini manini afite amarembo meza.

Gufunga Umuzingo: Kugenzura no Gutekereza

Noneho ibi bidusiga he? Ushushanya ibisabwa imbaraga. Ugaragaza ibikoresho hamwe nigitambaro cyo gucunga amakimbirane no kwibasira ibidukikije. Wakomotse ku ruganda rushoboye guhuza amajwi, nkibiri mu masoko akomeye. Uhugura abakozi bawe kuburyo bwatoranijwe bwo kwishyiriraho. Ariko ugomba kugenzura. Byaba ari intoki ya torque igenzura hamwe na kalibibiri, ukoresheje imizigo yerekana imizigo, cyangwa ibizamini bya ultrasonic statistique, ufunga umuzingo.

Ihinduka rya nyuma ni imitekerereze. Hagarika gutekereza kuri bolt nkigice cyicyuma uhinduranya. Tangira kubitekereza nkisoko yuzuye, isoko igenzurwa ya imbaraga. Akazi kawe nugusobanura, kugura, gushiraho, no kubungabunga izo mbaraga zimpanuka kubishushanyo mbonera byubuzima. Ibindi byose - urwego, agaciro ka torque, igifuniko - nuburyo bwo kugera kuri iyo ntego. Iyo urebye ihuza ryahinduwe nonaha, ugomba kubona imirongo itagaragara yingufu zifatira amasahani hamwe, hanyuma ukabaza ntabwo byacanwe? ariko imbaraga zirahari, kandi zizagumaho? Nibyo abanyamwuga babona imbaraga.

Ntabwo ari byiza. Hama hariho gutatana, burigihe bitazwi. Ariko itandukaniro riri hagati yingirakamaro hamwe nini nini ni bangahe muri izo mpinduka wasobanukiwe kandi ukagenzura, kuva urusyo kugeza kumurongo wanyuma wimbuto. Nicyo gikorwa nyacyo.