Kana vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa 'seamless steel chubhu', vanofunga kuti ingori pombi isina weld seam. Ichokwadi, asi zvakafanana nokuti mota yemujaho ingori mota ine mavhiri mana. Nyaya chaiyo iri mukugadzirwa kwayo uye painoperera kana usingazive zvauri kuita. Ndakaona mapurojekiti akawandisa ekuti 'asina musono' sekubata-zvese kune 'yemhando yepamusoro', kungosangana nenyaya dzeukobvu hwemadziro kana brittleness isingatarisirwe mune dzimwe nharaunda. Harisi bara remashiripiti.

Iyo Inopisa Yakakungurutswa Chokwadi uye Zvayo Quirks

The classic method ndiyo inopisa rotary kuboora maitiro-kutora billet yakasimba, kupisa kusvika kune yepurasitiki mamiriro, uye kuibaya ne mandrel. Zvinonzwika zvakananga, handiti? Dhiyabhorosi ari muhuwandu. Iyo yekudziya curve yakakosha. Kunyanya kukurumidza, uye iwe unowana kusagadzikana kwezviyo chimiro; kunonoka, uye urikupisa mari panguva yevira. Ini ndinorangarira batch ye-high-pressure hydraulic mitsara yakakundikana miedzo yekumanikidza. Mupari wemhosva? Kudonha kusingaonekwe tembiricha muchoto 'munzvimbo yakafa' isati yaboorwa, zvichiita kuti kuomerwe zvishoma kwakaita kuti chubhu iite kutsemuka zvishoma panguva yekudhirowa kwechando gare gare. Takazvibata, asi chaive chidzidzo chinodhura pakuvimba, asi kusimbisa, kunyangwe maprofiles ako echoto akavimbika.

Ipapo pane nyaya yechiyero. Iyo oxide layer inoumba panguva yekudziya haingori dambudziko repamusoro. Kana isina kubviswa zvakanaka isati yawedzera kudzikiswa, inotenderedzwa pamusoro, ichigadzira nzvimbo dzekutangisa dzinogona kuita ngura kana kuneta. Iwe unopedzisira wava nechubhu inosangana nemakemikari uye kusimba kwesimba pabepa asi inogona kutadza nguva isati yakwana mune cyclic kurodha application. Ndiko kukanganiswa kusingaonekwe kunopatsanura chubhu yezvigadzirwa kubva kune yakavimbika chikamu.

Apa ndipo pane ecosystem yenzvimbo yekugadzira. Kuve padhuze neyakamisikidzwa yekugovera cheni, senge iyo yekusimbisa yekugadzira base muYongnian, Handan, haingori nezve logistics. Izvo ndezvekuwana ruzivo rwehunyanzvi hwekuwedzera masevhisi - kunyatsoona, kusaparadza kuyedza marabhu, chaiwo zvitoro zvekupisa kupisa - izvo zvinokwanisa kubata nhanho dzepashure-kuboora nemazvo. Kambani yakadai Handan Zitai Fastener Kugadzira Co, Ltd., kunyange ichizivikanwa nemafasteners, inoshanda munzvimbo iyo iyi tubular metallurgical zivo iri mumvura, sekutaura. Nzvimbo yavo iri padhuze nemigwagwa mikuru yekufambisa ndiyo mukana unoshanda wekutora zvinhu zvakabikwa uye kupedzwa kwekutakura zvinhu, kushandura izvo zvinoita senge nyore geographic noti kuita mutengo chaiwo uye kuvimbika chinhu.

Kudhirowa Kunotonhora: Ipo Zviyero Zvinokura

Kana kupisa kutenderedza kunokupa iyo yakakosha hollow fomu, kutonhora kudhirowa ndiko kwaunowana mitsetse yako chaiyo. Izvi ndezvekushandisa uko kushivirira paOD uye ukobvu hwemadziro kwakasimba - funga masilinda emagetsi kana kubereka mijaho. Uri kudhonza chubhu inopisa-yakakungurutswa kuburikidza nefa uye pamusoro pemandrel. Ihwo hutsinye maitiro pane izvo zvinhu, zvichikonzera kuomarara kuomarara.

Sarudzo yerubricant pano ishamwari yakanyarara mumhando. Firimu rakashata rekuzora rinotungamira kune galling, kurova ID pamusoro. Ndakaona machubhu aitaridzika zvakanaka kunze asi aine mavanga emukati izvo zvakava zvinokwidza stress. Kune silinda yepneumatic, ndiyo nzira yakavimbiswa yekuvuza ichidzika nemutsetse. Icho chinonyengera chinowanzo mu-pre-treatment-iyo phosphate coating isati yadhirowa inofanira kuva yunifomu kutakura lubricant.

Uye iwe haugone kufuratira iyo annealing interpass. Dhirowa yakawandisa pasina dhizaini yekuzorodza, uye zvinhu zvinova zvisingashande zvakaoma uye brittle. Kurongwa kweaya aneals kunobva pane ruzivo zvakanyanya sekuverenga. Manzwiro aunoita - uchitarisa nzira iyo chubhu inodzokera shure zvishoma mushure mekupfuura, kana kuchinja kusina kujeka mukunzwika kwainoita kana yarohwa. Izvi hazvisi zvemabhuku; inyanzvi yemusangano.

Mubvunzo weAlloy: Haisi Yezve Simba

Wese munhu anosvetukira kuASTM A106 kana A53 yekabhoni simbi, kana 304/316 isina tsvina. Asi giredhi inongova pokutangira. Tora A106 Giredhi B. Yakanaka kune akawanda emhando yepamusoro masevhisi. Asi iyo notch kuomarara pane yakaderera tembiricha inogona kunetseka. Isu takambova nedambudziko netambo yekutsvagisa mhepo munzvimbo inocheneswa panguva yekutonhora kusingatarisirwe. Mutsetse wacho pachawo waive wakanaka, asi chubhu isina musono inoshandiswa kune diki-bazi rekubatanidza, kusangana neA106B spec, yakaratidza zviratidzo zvemukati. Mhinduro yanga isiri 'nani' isina musono chubhu, asi iyo chaiyo-kuchinja kune yakatsetseka-yakaurayiwa simbi ine zvirinani Charpy maitiro emhando yezvikamu chaizvo.

Kune isina tsvina, iyo 304 vs. 316 gakava inhau dzekare. Iyo inonyanya kunakidza nzvimbo dzekutambudzika dziri mu 'mukati-pakati' maapplication. Semutsetse wekugadzira chikafu unogara uine chlorinated caustic washes. 316 iri nani, asi kana basa rinotonhora kubva pakudhirowa rikasateverwa neyakagadziriswa mhinduro anneal uye kudzima, unosiya zvinhu zvakurudzirwa, zvichikoka chloride stress corrosion kuparuka. Iyo chubhu inosangana neASTM spec, asi iyo nhoroondo yekugadzirisa inoiparadza. Iwe unofanirwa kutenga kubva kuguyo kana processor inonzwisisa yekupedzisira-kushandiswa, kwete chete chiyero.

Izvi zvinobatana nekudzoka kunotsvaga kubva kune yakakura maindasitiri dunhu. Mugadziri akaiswa ipapo, akadai saZitai Fastener, anonzwisisa kuti certification yezvinhu inopfuura bepa. Iketani yekuchengetwa uye process garandi. Mafungiro avo ekushanda, akaumbwa neiyo yakakwira-vhoriyamu, chaiyo-inotyairwa yekumhanyisa indasitiri, inongosvika kune yakaomesesa nzira yekutsvagisa zvinhu zvakasvibirira uye maitiro ekutonga kwezvikamu zvakaita se. machubhu esimbi asina musono, kunyangwe ivo vari pasi pemvura mushandisi. Kutarisa webhusaiti yavo pa zitafasteners.com, iwe unoona kutarisa kwekugadzira zvigadzirwa uye kutonga kwehutano-zvinokosha zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha kune zvigadzirwa zve tubular.

Kuedza: Vimba, asi Cheka uye Etch

Zvitupa zvinosungirwa, asi iwo mufananidzo. Kuyedzwa kweHydrostatic kwakajairwa, asi ibvunzo yehumbowo, kwete vimbiso yekuita ramangwana. Miedzo inoburitsa hunhu inobatanidzwa zvakanyanya. Ultrasonic kuyedzwa kwekukanganisa kwelongitudinal kwakajairika ikozvino, asi eddy ikozvino kune kuremara kwepamusoro, kunyanya paID, ishoma uye kazhinji inokoshera imwe mutengo weakakosha maapplication.

Iyo inonyanya kuburitsa, uye inoparadza, ndeye macroetch bvunzo. Iwe unotora rin'i yekuenzanisira, woicheka, wokwenenzvera kumeso, uye woinyora neacid. Izvi zvinoratidzira kuyerera kwezviyo, chero kupatsanurwa kwepakati kubva kune yekutanga billet, uye, crucially, kutendeseka kwezvinhu uko musono ungave uri mune welded chubhu. Mune yechokwadi chubhu isina musono, iwe unofanirwa kuona inoenderera, yakadzika mitsara yezviyo. Chero kukanganisa, mutsara usina kusimba wekubatanidza kana kukanganisa, inonongedza nyaya yekugadzirisa panguva yekuboora kana kudhirowa. Ndiyo autopsy inotaura nhoroondo yehupenyu hwechubhu.

Isu takaisa mutemo weondom macroetch audits pane anouya mijenya, kunyangwe kubva kune dzakasimbiswa zvigayo. Zvakabata dambudziko kamwechete apo chigayo chakange chachinja mutengesi wavo webillet asi asina kunyatsogadzirisa maparamita avo ekuboora kwekuomarara kwechinhu chitsva. Iwo macerts aive akafanana, asi iyo etched sample yairatidza kunetseka banding pateni. Batch iro rakarambwa nekuda kwekuneta-kuneta application uye rakashandiswa kumwe kunhu. Zvakatiponesa kukundikana kukuru kwendima.

Iyo Inoshanda Yakakodzera: Machining uye Kugadzira Nuances

Apa ndipo panosangana dzidziso. Seamless chubhu, nekuda kwemaitiro ayo ekugadzira, inowanzova neyakafanana machinability kutenderedza denderedzwa ichienzaniswa neERW (Electric Resistance Welded) chubhu, uko weld seam inogona kuve nekuoma kwakasiyana zvishoma. Asi icho hachisi chokwadi chepasi rose. Iyo inotonhora-inodhonzwa isina musono chubhu ine yakakwira yakasara kushushikana. Kana iwe ukasaigadzira zvine symmetrically kana kutora yakawandisa kuchekwa mune imwe pass, inogona kukanganisa-ovalize kana kukotama-sezvo kushushikana kunoenderana. Iyo dhizaini ndeyekuita rough, rega igare, kushushikana ibvise, wozopedzisa muchina. Inowedzera nhanho, asi ndiyo chete nzira yezvikamu chaizvo.

Kupinza simbi pachubhu isina musono kunogona kuve kunonetsa. Iyo inopisa-yakakanganiswa nzvimbo inopindirana neinotonhora-yakashanda microstructure. Pamabatanidza akakosha, zvinowanzokurudzirwa kuvharisa chubhu isati yaiswa welding, inova oparesheni iyo vazhinji vanogadzira vanosvetuka nekuti yakadhindwa haidaidzi. Iyo igap yekutsanangura iyo inotungamira mukutadza nguva isati yakwana pahuro weld. Ini ndinogara ndichiwedzera chinyorwa pane kudhirowa izvozvi: Machine weld prep pane annealed chubhu kupera kwekumanikidza-ine inobatana.

Izvo zvinoenderana neizvi: kutsanangura musono simbi chubhu ndiko kutanga kwehurukuro, kwete kuguma. Icho chinhu chinotsanangurwa zvakanyanya nekusavapo kwacho-kushaikwa kweweld seam-sekufamba kwakananga kwekupisa, simba, uye kutonga kwakazvigadzira. Kuvimbika kwayo kunotsamira pazvinhu zvisingaonekwe: mhepo yechoto panguva yekupisa, iyo lubricant chemistry panguva yekudhirowa, nguva yeanneal. Iwe unokudziridza ruremekedzo nokuda kwayo, kwete sechinhu chiri pabhiri rezvinhu, asi sechigadzirwa chechinhu chakaoma kunzwisisa, chinooneka. Ndizvo zvinosarudza kuti ingori pombi here kana kuti chinhu chakavimbika.