Kutsha nje, ngakumbi kwaye rhoqo ndiziva ndizibona izicelo ezinxulumeneI-bolts yeshishini lekhemikhali, ngakumbi kunye nezo zenzelwe iimeko zokusebenza ezinzima. Abavelisi abaninzi bayalela abantu abathengisayo, baxhomekeke kwiimpawu ngokubanzi-intsimbi, i-anti-coirasion. Kodwa inyani ihlala inzima ngakumbi. 'I-bolt yamachiza' ayonelanga. Bafumana iimeko xa kukhawuleziswe ngokukhawuleza, nokuba zonke iingcebiso zokusetyenziswa ziqwalaselwa. Ke ngoko, ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba ndibelane ngamava ngoko sibonayo, zenziwa iimpazamo ezenziwayo, kunye nendlela yokuphepha oku. Ayisiyo ithiyori, kodwa malunga nemizekelo ethile eyayijongana nomsebenzi, kwaye malunga nento esebenzayo neyintoni.
Inqaku lokuqala nelona libalulekileyo, kunjalo, imeko enoburharha. Iindawo zokreyitha zekhemikhali, i-acids, ialkalis - bayakwazi ukutshabalalisa nezona zixhobo ziqinileyo. 'Intsimbi engenasitali' ayisoloko igcinwe, ngakumbi xa kuziwa ekunxibelelaneni nezinto ezixineneyo ixesha elide. I-Aisi 316 ihlala ikhethwe, kodwa le yindawo yokuqala. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uthathele ingqalelo ubume obuthile bemichiza yendalo esingqongileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha nokuba isidanga esiphezulu sokukhuselwa asiqinisekisi inkonzo ende. Siye sasebenza ngandlela thile neshishini elisebenzisa ii-bolts ezingama-316 ukunxibelelana ne-sulfuric acid. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, kuyabonakala ngokucacileyo, ngaphandle kokuhambelana okubonakala kuhambelana nemilinganiselo yetekhnoloji. Kwavela ukuba inqaku likugxininiso oluncinci lokungcola kwe-acid, ekhawulezileyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kuya kufuneka utshintshele kwi-alloys ekhethekileyo, umzekelo, i-distelloy okanye i-intelnel.
Enye into ebalulekileyo ngumlawuli wobushushu. Kwiinkqubo zekhemikhali, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye asezantsi ahlala esetyenziswa, enza uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kwi-harntiners. Kwiqondo lobushushu eliphakamileyo, izixhobo ziyandiswa, ezinokukhokelela ekudibaniseni konxibelelwano. Ngamaqondo obushushu asezantsi, intsimbi iba buthathaka ngakumbi kwaye iphantsi kwentshabalalo. Xa ukhetha ii-bolts, kunyanzelekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo uluhlu lwamaqondo obushushu asebenza kwaye ukhethe izixhobo ezigcina iipropathi zabo kwezi meko. Akunakwenzeka ukujongela phantsi isiphumo somjikelo we-thermal - ukufudumeza rhoqo kunye nokupholisa kudala inkohliso kunxibelelwano, olukhokelela kwintshabalalo yayo.
Ukongeza kubushushu bekhemikhali kunye nobushushu bomahluko, kuyimfuneko ukuba uthathele ingqalelo imithwalo yoomatshini. Umzekelo, ukuntywila kwezixhobo, isibhamu, isantya esiphezulu-yonke le nto inokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni konxibelelwano. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwizixhobo ezikhulu, njengokunika i-pumps kunye neempompo. Kubalulekile ukukhetha ubungakanani obuchanekileyo kunye nohlobo lweebhloko, kunye nokusebenzisa iibheringi ezizodwa kunye namatywina, ezibonelela ngokulungiswa okuqinisekileyo.
Uhlobo lonxibelelwano lukwayinto ebalulekileyo. Akusoloko kwanele ukuqinisa nje i-bolt kwaye ufumane unxibelelwano oluthembekileyo. Rhoqo, ukulungiswa ongezelelweyo kuyafuneka, umzekelo, ngoncedo lwabeshesher, amantongomane ngentambo yentambo, okanye izityholo ezikhethekileyo. Umzekelo, ukudibanisa izinto zesabelo ngokuxhomekeka kuxinzelelo oluphezulu, imitshini yokunamathela ihlala isetyenziswa, ebonelela ngokuqina kunye nokuthembeka.
Sisoloko sidibana nengxaki yokhetho olungafanelekanga lweenjongo. I-suher yeflethi ayisoloko ilungele ishishini leekhemikhali. Uhlamba kunye nomaleko wokutywina okanye iheherheshe rhoqo, yenziwe ngezinto ezizodwa ezinganyangekiyo krwada lwekhemikhali. SUKUFunti kwi-SHERISHIUBHABI SE-HASISH EKWENZA, kuba badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka konxibelelwano.
Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukukhetha umzuzu wokuqinisa. Imbonakalo enkulu yokuqinisa ingakhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kwentambo okanye ukungcungcuthekiswa kwamalungu aqhagamshelwe. Kancinci kakhulu indawo yokuqina inokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni konxibelelwano kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwayo ngokupheleleyo. Xa uqinisekisa i-bolts kwishishini lekhemikhali, izitshixo zeDynametric zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa umzuzu oqinisekileyo wokuqiniswa. Kodwa nkqu neqhosha le-dnamometric, kunyanzelekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo amanqaku empahla kunye nohlobo lwequmrhu. Umzekelo, ngokulungisa imisonto, iinyibiba ezikhethekileyo zihlala zisetyenziswa, ezinciphisa ukuxabana nokubonelela ngendawo echanekileyo yokuqiniswa.
Ndabona iimeko ezininzi xa bekhethaI-bolts yeshishini lekhemikhali, ukugxila kuphela ngenkangeleko kunye nexabiso. Ngenxa yoko, emva kwexesha elithile kwafuneka ndithathe indawo, ekhokelela kwimveliso elula kunye neendleko ezongezelelweyo. Omnye wemizekelo ebambekayo ngumyalelo we-bolts kwi-carbon yekhabhoni yokuqhagamshela izinto zomchiza. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva baqulunqa, nto leyo eyakhokelela kwi-Regegent Leak kunye nemiphumo emibi.
Enye impazamo eqhelekileyo kukukhetha okungalunganga kwezinto. Abavelisi abaninzi bakhetha ii-bolts zentsimbi ezingazinzanga, bekholelwa ukuba ichasa nayiphi na imeko yendawo yasekhemizi. Kodwa oku akunjalo. Ayizizo zonke iimpawu zentsimbi ezinganyangekiyo zixhathise ngokulinganayo kulwalutya lwekhemikhali. Umzekelo, ii-bolts zenziwe ngentsimbi engenasitayile i-Austenaitic (umzekelo, i-Aisi 304) ayifanelekanga ekunxibelelaneni ne-acid egxile kwi-acid. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-bolts kwizinto ezizinzileyo, ezinje ngentsimbi engenasibala (umzekelo, i-Aisi 2205) okanye i-distelloy. Xa ukhetha umbandela, kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo hayi kuphela imeko yekhemikhali, kodwa iqondo lobushushu kunye noxinzelelo.
Enye ingxaki kukusetyenziswa okungalunganga kwamatywina angalunganga. Amatywina kufuneka enziwe ngezixhobo ezingapheliyo ekusebenzeni kweekhemikhali kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Itywina elingachanekanga elingalunganga okanye elifakiweyo linokukhokelela ekuphumezeni ii-regents kunye nomonakalo kwizixhobo. Musa ukugcina kumatywina, kuba badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuqina konxibelelwano.
Ukuba uceba ukuthengaI-bolts yeshishini lekhemikhali, Ndincoma ukuba banxibelelane nabathengisi abathembekileyo abanamava asebenza ngeshishini lekhemikhali. Kubalulekile ukubonelela ngomthengisi ngalo lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko malunga nemeko yekhemikhali, ubushushu, uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini. Zive ukhululekile ukubuza imibuzo kwaye ufune izatifikethi zezinto ezisisiseko. Qinisekisa ukuba ii-bolts zihlangabezana neemfuno zamaxwebhu olawulo kunye nemigangatho esemgangathweni.
Kubalulekile ukuba umboneleli anganikezeli kuphela, kodwa nakwabanye abantu abathengisayo, kunye nezixhobo eziguquguqukayo, ezinjengeekheshe, amantshontsho, amatywina kunye ne-mail. Eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ngumthengisi onokuthi anike isisombululo esibanzi seprojekthi yakho. I-Handon Zitai ye-SUGEAIFFEROFNER COOFERIFERODERODER COGED CO. (https: //wwwww.ziitans.com) Kusebenza kwintengiso ixesha elide kwaye unokubonelela uluhlu olubanziAbafakeli abakhethekileyoilungele ezona meko zinzima zokusebenza.
Ukuqukumbela, ndifuna ukuthi ukhetho lwezinto ezibandayo kwishishini lekhemikhali ngumsebenzi onzima ofuna indlela ngononophelo kunye ne-accounting zezinto ezininzi. SUKUFAZISA IZIXHOBO, kuba ukuthembeka kwayo kuxhomekeke kukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwayo yonke imveliso.
Ukongeza ekukhetheni izinto ezichanekileyo kunye nohlobo lonxibelelwano, kubalulekile ukulawula umgangatho wokuveliswa kwezibalo. I-bolts ezingekho mthethweni zinokuba neziphene, iJometri engaqhelekanga okanye ayihambelani kwiimpawu ezibhengeziweyo. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha abathengisi abanenkqubo yokulawula umgangatho kwaye banike izatifikethi kwiimveliso zabo. Nika ingqalelo yokufumaneka kwezatifikethi zokuhambelana nemigangatho yehlabathi, njenge-ISO 9001. Esi sisiqinisekiso sokuba iimveliso ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho kunye nokhuseleko.
Enye into ebalulekileyo kukulawula ngokuhambelana netekhnoloji yemveliso. Ukuveliswa kwezibalo kufuneka kwenziwe ngokwemigaqo yetekhnoloji kunye nemigangatho esemgangathweni. Imveliso engalunganga inokukhokelela kwintambo, ukungachaneki kwesayizi okanye unyango olungafanelekanga. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha abathengisi abanezixhobo zanamhlanje nabasebenzi abafanelekileyo. Ukuphicotha rhoqo kweenkqubo zemveliso kuya kunceda ukuchonga nokuphelisa iingxaki ezinokubakho.
Ungalibali malunga nemfuno yokwenza izinto zovavanyo. Iimvavanyo zikuvumela ukuba ujonge imbalelwano yemveliso ngeempawu ezibhengeziweyo kwaye uchonge iziphene ezinokubakho. Ukuvavanywa kunokubandakanya uvavanyo, ubukhali, ukunxiba ukuxhathisa kunye nokunganyangeki. Iziphumo zovavanyo kufuneka zibhalwe phantsi kwaye zifumaneke kuphume.