Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'ityhubhu yentsimbi engenakutyiwa', baba nomfanekiso wento emenyezelayo, engangenwa ngumhlwa, kwaye ngokungafihlisiyo, intwana yegeneric. Leyo yimbono yokuqala ephosakeleyo. Ngokwenza, ukucacisa ityhubhu echanekileyo yi-maze yamabanga, ingqumbo, kunye nokunyamezelana apho ukujika okungalunganga kuthetha ukungaphumeleli, kungekhona nje kwi-specs kodwa kwintsimi. Asiyonto yorhwebo; yinxalenye ebalulekileyo.

IMaze yeBanga: Ayisokuze ingabinabala nje

Ufumana umzobo othi ityhubhu engenastainless. Kulapho umsebenzi wokwenyani uqala khona. Ngaba yeyomzila wesandla okanye umgca woxinzelelo oluphezulu lwehydraulic? Umahluko yinto yonke. 304 lihashe lomsebenzi, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa ubuthathaka bayo ziikloridi. Ndikhe ndabona i-304 iityhubhu kumngxunya wesityalo esiselunxwemeni sokwenza ukutya phakathi kweenyanga. Umxhasi ugcine i-0.50 yeedola ngenyawo kwaye wahlawula ngokuphindwe kashumi kwindawo yokuphumla.

Emva koko kukho i-316L. I'L' ibalulekile kwiwelding, inqanda imvula ye-carbide. Kodwa ndikhumbula iprojekthi yezixhobo ezininzi zekhemikhali apho sasisebenzisa i-316L ityhubhu yensimbi engenasici. Igqithisiwe, yacocwa ukuya kwi-ASTM A380. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokudityaniswa kwenkqubo, ukulandelela ungcoliseko lwekloridi ukusuka kwelinye icandelo lokugquma kubangele ukuqhekeka koxinzelelo lwe-corrosion kwindawo egobileyo. Umbhobho 'wawuchanekile,' kodwa imeko yenkqubo ayizange iqwalaselwe. Isifundo esibuhlungu ekujongeni ngaphaya kwento enye.

Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu okanye iindawo ezinobundlobongela, utsibela kwi-321, i-317L, okanye i-duplex amabakala afana ne-2205. I-Duplex iyathakazelisa - yomelele, ngoko ngamanye amaxesha ungahamba ube mncinci, kodwa ukubunjwa kunye ne-welding kufuna ukulawulwa kobushushu obungqongqo. Asiyonto yokulahla. Ndakhe ndaphikisana nomyili owayefuna ukutshintsha i-304 ishedyuli 40 ityhubhu kwi-2205 enye eludongeni oluncinci ukugcina ubunzima. Izibalo kuxinzelelo zasebenza, kodwa iradiyasi yakhe yokugoba ayizange ichaze i-springback eyahlukileyo ye-duplex. Iiprototypes zahlutha. Sabuyela kwi drawing board.

UkuGqiba komphezulu kunye nokunyamezela: UMtyholi kwiinkcukacha

Ukugqitywa kokugaya, ukupolishwa, ukucocwa nge-electropolished. Ayisiyonkangeleko. Ibakala lokutya ityhubhu yensimbi engenasici nge 180-grit mechanical ipolishi inokuba ilungile kwisakhelo conveyor, kodwa yobisi CIP (ecocekileyo-in-indawo) line, udinga Ra <0.8 μm i-electropolish ukukhusela ukunamathela kwebhaktheriya. Ndikhe ndakhenketha izityalo apho oku bekungahoywa, kwaye imiba yebhayofilm ibisoloko ihleli.

Ukunyamezela kwi-OD kunye ne-WT (ubukhulu bodonga) ngomnye umgibe. I-ASTM A269 igquma ukunyamezelana okuqhelekileyo, kodwa kwisixhobo esichanekileyo okanye ukutshintshiselana kobushushu, uhlala ufuna iityhubhu ezizotyiweyo kunye nokudibanisa/thabatha ezimbalwa wena. Siye safumana iityhubhu ezithile zenkqubo ye-pneumatic kumthengisi jikelele, kwaye umahluko we-OD ubangele ukungaphumeleli kwetywina le-O-ring kwibhetshi yee-manifolds. Isiqinisekiso somthengisi sithe sikwimigangatho. Babenyanisile. I-spec yethu yayingalunganga ngokungabizi ukunyamezelana okungqongqo.

Kwaye ngokuthe tye. Ukuqhuba ixesha elide, okungaxhaswanga okanye i-laser cutting automation, i-camber spec ibalulekile. Ndiyifunde kabuhlungu le nto kwangethuba, ndibukele isarha esizisebenzelayo izama ukulinganisa ubude beemitha ezi-6 ezinesaphetha esincinci. Ukulungiswa bekungathengi ityhubhu ebiza kakhulu, kodwa ukongeza nje i-callout ethe tye kwi-PO, apho uninzi lwee-mill lunokwenza ngexabiso elincinci elongezelelweyo.

Imiqobo yoKwakha: Ukusika, ukugoba, ukuwelda

Ukusika kubonakala kulula. Iisarha ezirhabaxa zixhaphakile kodwa zishiya indawo echaphazeleke bubushushu kunye ne-burr. Ukusetyenziswa okubalulekileyo, i-sawing ebandayo okanye ukusika i-laser kungcono. Sasinebhetshi yeetyhubhu zesixokelelwano solwelo apho ivenkile yayisebenzisa isarha erhabaxa. I-micro-cracks ukusuka ekushiseni, engabonakaliyo kwiso, yaba ngamanqaku okuqaliswa kweentanda phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-cyclic. Uhlalutyo lokungaphumeleli luyilandele emva kokusikwa.

Ukugoba. Umgaqo webhontsi ubuncinci berediyasi yokugoba ye-2x ububanzi betyhubhu kwiindonga ezincinci, kodwa nge ityhubhu yensimbi engenasici, ngakumbi ingqumbo enzima, ingaphezulu nje kokuqhekeka. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi esebenzisa i-316 ityhubhu engenamthungo kumgca wamafutha oqhelekileyo. I-bender isetyenziswe i-mandrel eqhelekileyo yentsimbi ye-carbon. Isiphumo asikokuqhekeka, kodwa ukucolwa kodonga olugqithileyo kunye nokucanda kwiradiyasi yangaphandle ye-bend, ebeka esichengeni isilinganiselo soxinzelelo. Siye satshintshela kwi-gophe lokufa ngokukhethekileyo ilungelelanise amandla isivuno esiphezulu se-stainless kwaye sisebenzise i-mandrel eqinile.

I-welding lihlabathi layo. I-TIG isemgangathweni, kodwa i-back-purging ayinakuxoxisana kwi-welds yokungena ngokupheleleyo ukukhusela i-shugaring (i-oxidation ngaphakathi). Kwiinkqubo zetyhubhu eziza kugqithiswa kamva, kufuneka usebenzise ucingo lwe-carbon filler ephantsi (njenge-316L ye-welding 316) ukugcina ukuxhathisa ukubola. Ndizibonile iiwelds zidleka ngokukhethayo kuba isigcwalisi esingalunganga sisetyenzisiwe, sisenza isibini segalvanic kwindawo yeweld.

Ukubonelela kunye noLungiselelo: Ikhonkco loNikezelo lweHlabathi lokwenyani

Ayisiyonto nje malunga neenkcazo zetekhnoloji. Amaxesha okukhokela, ukuhambelana kwebhetshi, kunye nokulandeleka okukhulu. Umthengisi othembekileyo oqondayo umahluko phakathi kwesitokhwe kunye nokhethekileyo bufanelekile ubunzima babo kwigolide. Kwi-fastener esemgangathweni kunye namacandelo esakhiwo, inkampani efana I-Sunnian Zitai Festener Fishaner Comment Com., emi kwisiseko senxalenye esisiseko saseTshayina eYongnian, ihlala inokufikelela okulungileyo kumatshaneli ezinto ezikrwada. Ngelixa zaziwa ngokuba zizibophelelo, indawo yazo yeshishini lendalo ithetha ukuba bahlala benokuqonda okusebenzayo kubonelelo lwezinto ezisisiseko. ityhubhu yensimbi engenasici iiprofayili ezisetyenziswa kulwakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo, elilizwe elahlukileyo kwityhubhu yehydraulic echanekileyo.

Inzuzo yabo yolungiselelo, ukuba kufutshane neendlela ezinkulu zezothutho ezifana ne-Beijing-Guangzhou Railway kunye ne-National Highway 107, yinto yokwenyani yeeprojekthi ezininzi, ezingabalulekanga apho iindleko kunye nesantya sokuhanjiswa sixilongo i-ultra-high specs. Imalunga nokuthelekisa ubuchule obungundoqo bomthengisi nemfuno yeprojekthi. Awunakufumana ityhubhu ye-reactor-grade kwikhathalogu yesiqhoboshi jikelele, kodwa kwiitrayile zokugada okanye isiseko senkxaso yolwakhiwo, inethiwekhi yabo inokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ukujonga iwebhusayithi yabo ku https //wwww.ziitasteners.com ikunika imvakalelo yokugxila kwabo kwimveliso.

Ngalo lonke ixesha, soloko ufumana izatifikethi zovavanyo lokusila (MTCs) kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo. Nditshiswe zizinto ezifanayo eziye zabonakala zingekho kumgangatho. Ibhetshi enye yeetyhubhu ezicingelwa ukuba zingama-304 yayinomxholo we-nickel ezantsi kanye kuluhlu olucacileyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sesichengeni ngakumbi kumagnetism kunye ne-ductile encinci. I-MTC evela kumatshini wokuqala wayityhila; isiqinisekiso somthengisi yayiyingxelo nje yezinto eziqhelekileyo.

Ukungaphumeleli njengoMfundisi: Ityala lokuTyakala ngaphantsi kwe-Insulation (CUI)

Enye yezona ntsilelo zichuliweyo endikhe ndadibana nazo azizange zenzeke kwindawo evelileyo, emanzi. Yayikwimigca yokulandela umphunga ogqunyiweyo usebenzisa i304 ityhubhu yensimbi engenasici kwisityalo sekhemikhali sangaphandle. Ukugquma kwamanzi kuye kwaba manzi ngexesha leemvula. I-chlorides evela kwindalo (okanye ngamanye amaxesha ukusuka kwi-insulation material ngokwayo) igxininise kwi-tube surface eshushu phantsi kwe-insulation. Oku kwadala indawo egqibeleleyo, efihlakeleyo yekloride yoxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking (CSCC).

Iityhubhu zazikhangeleka zicocekile ngaphandle. Ebudeni bokuvalwa kogcino, xa i-insulation isusiwe, safumana izindlu zesigcawu ezineentanda. Ukulungiswa kwakungeyona ityhubhu ebhetele kweso sicwangciso sinye, kodwa uhlengahlengiso lwenkqubo: kusetyenziswa i-insulation yobushushu obuphantsi obungenako ukwenza i-gradient yeqondo lobushushu ukuze i-condensation, ukongeza i-weatherproof jacketing, kunye nemigca emitsha ebalulekileyo, echaza i-316L engcono, nangona ingekho ngokupheleleyo, ukuxhathisa. Ngamanye amaxesha isisombululo asikho kwi-tube spec, kodwa kuyilo lwenkqubo olujikelezileyo.

Loo mava atshintshe indlela endijonga ngayo nayiphi na inkcazo ye-tubing ngoku. Andiceli nje ibakala lempahla. Ndiyabuza: Luthini ubushushu obusebenzayo? Yintoni edibene nayo (i-insulation, inkxaso, ezinye isinyithi)? Ithini indawo engqongileyo? Ngaba iyaqhutywa ngebhayisekile? Olo luhlu lokuhlola, oluzalwa ngenxa yokungaphumeleli, luxabiseke ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na incwadi.