Uyabona igama izikrufu zamacandelo amathathu zokumisa amanzi kwi-spec sheet, kwaye kulula ukucinga ukuba yibholithi nje entle enewasha ezimbini. Yimpazamo yokuqala leyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, yinkqubo, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kunxibelelwano phakathi kwezo zinto zintathu-i-screw, iringi yokutywina ephakathi, kunye newasha yokuphela-phantsi komthwalo kunye nexesha. Iintsilelo ezininzi ndizibonile zibuyela emva ekuziphatheni njengento elula yorhwebo.

IAnatomy yetywina elithembekileyo

Umgaqo ongundoqo awuntsokothanga: icandelo eliphakathi, ukuba i-neoprene okanye i-EPDM ring, ixinzelelwa nge-radially kunye ne-axially xa i-torque, isenza umqobo womzimba. Kodwa usathana usezinkcukacha. Umsele owenziwe kwi-screw shaft yaloo msesane? Ubunzulu kunye nokugqiba kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ayinzulu kakhulu, kwaye iringi iyaphuma okanye ayihlali kakuhle; nzulu kakhulu, kwaye uphulukana namandla oxinzelelo oluyimfuneko. Ndineebhetshi apho igroove ineebhula zokutshiza ezisike kumsesane wokutywina ngexesha lofakelo, zenza indlela evuzayo kwasekuqaleni. Kukusilela ukubamba kuphela ukuba uhlola amacandelo ngamanye phambi kwendibano, hayi nje ukujonga ibhokisi.

Ukudibanisa izinto eziphathekayo ngomnye umbulali othuleyo. Ukusebenzisa isikrufu sentsimbi esiqhelekileyo sekhabhoni enewasha yentsimbi engenasici kwindawo enekloridi etyebileyo (efana netanki yamanzi amdaka) kuseka iseli ye-galvanic corrosion. Unokufumana itywina eligqibeleleyo ekuqaleni, kodwa kwiminyaka emibini ezantsi emgceni, isikrufu sentsimbi sirhwexa kumsonto, sikhulula umthwalo obambeleyo, kwaye itywina liyasilela. Ulungiso luhlala luthetha ukucacisa yonke indibano-isikrufu, umsesane, iwasha-ngamabakala angama-316 angenabala okanye aphindwe kabini ukusuka ekuqaleni, nokuba ihlaba ibhajethi. Ixabiso eliphantsi kunokugquma kwakhona isakhiwo sekhonkrithi kamva.

Apha kulapho ukukhangela kwisiseko semveliso eyodwa kubalulekile. Umzekelo, umenzi uthanda I-Sunnian Zitai Festener Fishaner Comment Com., ime kweyona ndawo inkulu yaseTshayina esemgangathweni eYongnian, eHebei, iqhelekile inolwazi lwezixhobo kunye nesinyithi sokwenziwa komatshini wegroove kunye nesiqinisekiso semathiriyeli. Indawo yabo kufutshane neendlela ezinkulu zothutho njengeBeijing-Shenzhen Expressway asiyondawo yokuthengisa nje; iguqulela ekuthembekeni kolungiselelo lwee-odolo zeprojekthi ezininzi apho ukulibaziseka kokuhanjiswa kwe-fastener kunokumisa isiza siphela. Awuthenganga nje isikrufu; uthenga ingqiniseko yekhonkco lonikezelo.

Ukufakela: Apho ithiyori idibana neNyaniso

Ukuchaza inxalenye efanelekileyo sisiqingatha sedabi. Esinye isiqingatha siyifaka ngokuchanekileyo. Itorque emiselweyo yiyo yonke into izikrufu zamacandelo amathathu zokumisa amanzi. Ngaphantsi kwe-torque, kunye nendandatho ephakathi ayiphazamisi ngokwaneleyo ukuzalisa ukungafezeki kwi-substrate (ngokuqhelekileyo ikhonkrithi okanye intsimbi). I-Over-torque, kwaye unokuhluba imisonto kwindawo yokubeka okanye ucinezele ngaphezulu kwe-elastomer, kubangele ukuba ilahlekelwe kukomelela kunye nokuqhekeka phantsi kwebhayisekile eshushu.

Kwiprojekthi yodonga lwegaraji yokupaka ekumgangatho ongaphantsi, siye savuza kwiiankile ezininzi. Emva kokuthintela iziphene eziphathekayo, sahlola ukufakelwa kwayo. Abasebenzi bebesebenzisa izitshixo zempembelelo ezisetelwe kwindlela eqhelekileyo. Itorque ekhawulezileyo yayijikajika, icinezela ngokugqithisileyo amatywina. Ukutshintshela kwi-calibrated torque wrenches ngokutsalwa okugudileyo kwayisombulula. Yayilulungiso olulula, kodwa yaqaqambisa ukuba eyona nkqubo ye-fastener eyilwe kakuhle inokoyiswa yimisebenzi yasendle. Ngoku, ndihlala ndinyanzelisa i-torque spec kunye nemfuneko yesixhobo igxininiswe kumzobo, ayingcwatywanga kwinqaku eliqhelekileyo.

Enye intloko esebenzayo kukulungelelanisa. Ezi zikrufu zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuncamathisela iiflange zemibhobho, iziseko zezixhobo, okanye iipleyiti zesakhiwo kwiindonga ezimanzi. Ukuba umngxuma kwipleyiti yokunyusela ayilungelelaniswanga kakuhle nendawo egxininisiweyo ye-ankile, isikrufu singena nge-engile. Oku kudala ukunyanzeliswa okungalinganiyo kwindandatho yokutywina-enye icala lityunyuziwe, elinye linesithuba. Itywina lifakwa esichengeni ngoko nangoko. Ndibone abafakeli bezama ukucenga isikrufu ngehamile, evele igqwethe yonke into. Isisombululo sihlala sisebenza kunye netemplate ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa ubunyani bentsimi buhlala bufuna iminxeba yokugweba kwindawo, ngamanye amaxesha ibandakanya ukugqithisa umngxuma wepleyiti kancinane ukuvumela uhlengahlengiso oluncinci, nangona oko kuzisa iingqwalasela zayo zokuthwala umthwalo.

Indawo: IReservoir Retrofit

Indawo yokugcina amanzi ekhonkrithi yayifuna amakhulukhulu okungena atywinwe kwimibhobho emitsha yokungena. I-spec yoqobo ibifuna ibholithi ye-ankile eqhelekileyo engangenwa manzi. Sityhale into ethile isikrufu sokumisa amanzi esinamacandelo amathathu uyilo ngewasha ebanzi, enekomityi ukuvala ukutshiza kwekhonkrithi encinci. Iiwasha zokuqala zomthengisi zazimcaba kwaye zibhityile kakhulu; phantsi kwetorque, batya, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olusebenzayo kwitywina.

Sifumene ibhetshi yesibini, ngeli xesha sigxininisa imfuneko yewasha eqinileyo, engqindilili. Umthengisi owayezisile wayefana noZitai Fastener-uncwadi lwabo lwemveliso lubonise ukuba bayasiqonda isicelo, hayi nje inxalenye. Iiwasha zazigximfizwa isitampu kwaye ziphathwe ubushushu, kwaye zibandakanya i-nayiloni-insert lock nut njengomgangatho, ebesingekayichazi nokuyichaza kodwa siyixabisa ngokuxhathisa ukungcangcazela. Ufakelo lwahamba kakuhle, kwaye uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwadlula. Isifundo sasicacile: umgangatho wamacandelo esinyithi ancedisayo ubaluleke kakhulu njenge-elastomer ngokwayo. Iwasha ebuthathaka yindawo enye yokusilela.

Ngaphaya kweNgcaciso yeSiseko

Ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka uphume-script. Kwiplanti yokulungisa imichiza, okuphakathi kwakuneasidi kwaye ubushushu bujikeleze phakathi kwe-ambient kunye ne-80°C. I-EPDM eqhelekileyo ayinakuyinqumla. Kwafuneka sijonge iitshathi ezipheleleyo zokuhambelana kweekhemikhali kwaye sagqiba ukucacisa i-Fluorocarbon (FKM / Viton) indandatho izikrufu zamacandelo amathathu zokumisa amanzi. Isikrufu kunye nemathiriyeli yewasha iye yaphuculwa yaya kutsho kwi-316L ingenabala ukwenzela iasidi. Oku kuguqule into eqhelekileyo kwisisombululo esiqhelekileyo. Yayixabisa ngaphezulu, kodwa yaphepha ukusilela okuyintlekele. Kulapho ukusebenza kunye nomvelisi onokusingatha izicelo ezikhethekileyo-kungekhona nje ukuqhuba izinto zekhathalogu-akunakuxoxisana.

Ukugcinwa kwexesha elide nako kuyingcinga. La matywina athathwa njengesigxina, kodwa akukho nto ihlala ngonaphakade. Kwiindawo ezifikelelekayo, uyilo lokuphinda uhlawulwe okanye ukutshintshwa kububulumko. Oku kuthetha ukuxela ubude bomsonto omde kunobuncinane bemfuneko kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ufikelelo alungcwatywa phantsi kwezinye iziseko. Ndiyibonile imisebenzi emihle yokutywina eyenziwa ngokungakhathali ngokudibanisa intsimbi okanye umsebenzi wemibhobho, ukuguqula umsebenzi olula wokulungisa ube ngumsebenzi omkhulu wokusika.

Indawo

Ngoko, izikrufu zamacandelo amathathu zokumisa amanzi asiyoseti kwaye ulibale into. Bayinkqubo yobunjineli yokutywina. Impumelelo ixhomekeke kwiintsika ezintathu: ukucacisa izinto ezichanekileyo kunye nejometri yendawo yenkonzo; ukuqinisekisa ukufakela okuchanekileyo, okulawulwayo; kunye nokukhangela kumvelisi onobuchule olawula inkqubo yabo. Kukudityaniswa koyilo, ukuthenga, kunye nokwenziwa kwebala. Tsiba nayiphi na enye, kwaye uqengqa idayisi kwimfezeko yomqobo ozama ukuwenza. Abalungileyo, xa benziwe ngokufanelekileyo, bayanyamalala kwisakhiwo kwaye benze umsebenzi wabo amashumi eminyaka-yiloo nto kanye oyifunayo kwitywina elibalulekileyo.